Metamorphic petrology and zircon geochronology of high-grade rocks from the central Mozambique Belt of Tanzania: crustal recycling of Archean and Palaeoproterozoic material during the Pan-African orogeny   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

H. Sommer  A. Kröner  C. Hauzenberger  S. Muhongo  M. T. D. Wingate 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》2003,21(9):915-934

New data on the metamorphic petrology and zircon geochronology of high‐grade rocks in the central Mozambique Belt (MB) of Tanzania show that this part of the orogen consists of Archean and Palaeoproterozoic material that was structurally reworked during the Pan‐African event. The metamorphic rocks are characterized by a clockwise P–T path, followed by strong decompression, and the time of peak granulite facies metamorphism is similar to other granulite terranes in Tanzania. The predominant rock types are mafic to intermediate granulites, migmatites, granitoid orthogneisses and kyanite/sillimanite‐bearing metapelites. The meta‐granitoid rocks are of calc‐alkaline composition, range in age from late Archean to Neoproterozoic, and their protoliths were probably derived from magmatic arcs during collisional processes. Mafic to intermediate granulites consist of the mineral assemblage garnet–clinopyroxene–plagioclase–quartz–biotite–amphibole ± K‐feldspar ± orthopyroxene ± oxides. Metapelites are composed of garnet‐biotite‐plagioclase ± K‐feldspar ± kyanite/sillimanite ± oxides. Estimated values for peak granulite facies metamorphism are 12–13 kbar and 750–800 °C. Pressures of 5–8 kbar and temperatures of 550–700 °C characterize subsequent retrogression to amphibolite facies conditions. Evidence for a clockwise P–T path is provided by late growth of sillimanite after kyanite in metapelites. Zircon ages indicate that most of the central part of the MB in Tanzania consists of reworked ancient crust as shown by Archean (c. 2970–2500 Ma) and Palaeoproterozoic (c. 2124–1837 Ma) protolith ages. Metamorphic zircon from metapelites and granitoid orthogneisses yielded ages of c. 640 Ma which are considered to date peak regional granulite facies metamorphism during the Pan‐African orogenic event. However, the available zircon ages for the entire MB in East Africa and Madagascar also document that peak metamorphic conditions were reached at different times in different places. Large parts of the MB in central Tanzania consist of Archean and Palaeoproterozoic material that was reworked during the Pan‐African event and that may have been part of the Tanzania Craton and Usagaran domain farther to the west.  相似文献   

Palaeomagnetic results from the ca. 1130 Ma Borgmassivet intrusions in the Ahlmannryggen region of Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica, and tectonic implications     

D. L. Jones  M. P. Bates  Z. X. Li  B. Corner  G. Hodgkinson   《Tectonophysics》2003,375(1-4):247

Detailed palaeomagnetic and rock magnetic analyses provide improved palaeomagnetic results from 23 sites in the Borgmassivet intrusions in the Ahlmannryggen region of Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctica. These intrusions are of similar age to their host, the ca. 1130 Ma Ritscherflya Supergroup (RSG). A mean direction of D=235.4°, I=−7.6° with k=45.9 and α₉₅=4.5° was obtained from this study. When combined with previously reported results from 11 sites in the same region, including sites from the Ritscherflya Supergroup, it gives an overall mean direction for 34 sites from the igneous suite with D=236.5°, I=−3.6°, k=27.9 and α₉₅=4.8°. Isothermal remanent magnetization (IRM) experiments on several specimens suggest magnetite or titanomagnetite as the primary remanence carrier, while high temperature magnetic susceptibility experiments indicate the presence of single domain particles. These observations, together with field evidence and the high coercivities and unblocking temperatures, support a primary origin for the observed characteristic remanence. The Borgmassivet palaeomagnetic pole lies at 54.5°E, 8.3°N with A₉₅=3.3°. If Antarctica is moved to its Gondwanan position adjacent to southeast Africa, the Borgmassivet pole (BM) coincides with that of the African well-established, well-dated (1100 Ma) Umkondo Large Igneous Province pole, supporting the hypothesis that the Grunehogna craton of Dronning Maud Land was part of the Kalahari craton of southern Africa at ca. 1100 Ma.  相似文献   

Neoarchaean magmatism and metamorphism of the western granulites in the central domain of the Mozambique belt, Tanzania: U–Pb shrimp geochronology and PT estimates     

S. P. Johnson  H. N. C. Cutten  S. Muhongo  B. De Waele 《Tectonophysics》2003,375(1-4):125

U–Pb sensitive high resolution ion microprobe (SHRIMP) dating of zircons from charnockitic and garnet–biotite gneisses from the central portion of the Mozambique belt, central Tanzania indicate that the protolith granitoids were emplaced in a late Archaean, ca. 2.7 Ga, magmatic event. These ages are similar to other U–Pb and Pb–Pb ages obtained for other gneisses in this part of the belt. Zircon xenocrysts dated between 2.8 and 3.0 Ga indicate the presence of an older basement. Major and trace element geochemistry of these high-grade gneisses suggests that the granitoid protoliths may have formed in an active continental margin environment. Metamorphic zircon rims and multifaceted metamorphic zircons are dated at ca. 2.6 Ga indicating that these rocks were metamorphosed some 50–100 my after their emplacement. Pressure and temperature estimates on the charnockitic and garnet–biotite gneisses were obscured by post-peak metamorphic compositional homogenisation; however, these estimates combined with mineral textures suggest that these rocks underwent isobaric cooling to 800–850 °C at 12–14 kbar. It is considered likely that the granulite facies mineral assemblage developed during the ca. 2.6 Ga event, but it must be considered that it might instead represent a pervasive Neoproterozoic, Pan African, granulite facies overprint, similar to the ubiquitous eastern granulites further to the east.  相似文献   

Middle Paleozoic paleomagnetism of east Kazakhstan: post-Middle Devonian rotations in a large-scale orocline in the central Ural–Mongol belt     

Natalia M. Levashova  Kirill E. Degtyarev  Mikhail L. Bazhenov  Adam Q. Collins  Rob Van der Voo   《Tectonophysics》2003,377(3-4):249-268

In order to test different hypotheses concerning the Paleozoic evolution of the Ural–Mongol belt (UMB) and the amalgamation of Eurasia, we studied Middle Devonian basalts from two localities (11 sites) and Lower Silurian volcanics, redbeds, and intra-formational conglomerates from three localities (20 sites) in the Chingiz Range of East Kazakhstan. The Devonian rocks prove to be heavily overprinted in the late Paleozoic, and a high-temperature, presumably primary, southerly, and down component is isolated at only four sites from a homoclinal section. Most Silurian redbeds are found to be remagnetized in the late Paleozoic; in contrast, a bipolar near-horizontal remanence, isolated from Silurian volcanics, is most probably primary as indicated by positive tilt and conglomerate tests. Analysis of paleomagnetic data from the Chingiz Range shows that southward-pointing directions in Ordovician, Silurian, and Devonian rocks are of normal polarity and hence indicate large-scale rotations after the Middle Devonian. The Chingiz paleomagnetic directions can be compared with Paleozoic data from the North Tien Shan and with the horseshoe-shaped distribution of subduction-related volcanic complexes in Kazakhstan. Both paleomagnetic and geological data support the idea that today's strongly curved volcanic belts of Kazakhstan are an orocline, deformed mostly before mid-Permian time. Despite the determination of nearly a dozen new Paleozoic paleopoles in this study and other recent publications by our team, significant temporal and spatial gaps remain in our knowledge of the paleomagnetic directions during the middle and late Paleozoic. However, the paleomagnetic results from the Chingiz Range and the North Tien Shan indicate that these areas show generally coherent motions with Siberia and Baltica, respectively.  相似文献   

北极涛动对东亚夏季降水的预测意义   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

龚道溢 《气象》2003,29(6):3-6

分析了春季北极涛动(AO)指数的变化对梅雨—Changma——Baiu带夏季降水年际变化的影响。对观测的东亚10个站的降水长序列资料(1899—1999年)，进行滤波处理，保留10年以下的年际时间尺度的变化，再进行相关分析。结果表明，近百年的5月北极涛动指数与10站夏季平均降水相关最高达—0．45，超过99％信度水平。当北极涛动偏强一个标准差时，整个长江中下游地区到日本南部一带，降水减少平均约8％左右。降水的这种变化与对流层东亚急流的变化密切相关：春季北极涛动强时，随后夏季急流位置通常偏北，雨带位置也北移，从而造成梅雨—Changma——Baiu带降水减少，反之亦然。较强的AO异常对降水的影响更明显，而较弱的AO与降水异常的对应关系并不显著。这对东亚夏季年际降水异常具有一定的预测意义。  相似文献   

BP神经网络模型在重庆伏旱预测中的应用研究   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

李永华  刘德  金龙  高阳华 《气象》2003,29(12):14-17

采用气象要素定义伏旱指数，利用小波分析等方法分析重庆地区伏旱变化特征，最后采用BP神经网络模型对伏旱进行预测试验，结果表明，重庆伏旱变化具有明显的阶段性特征，而基于BP神经网络模型的伏旱预测模型预测效果良好，可以应用于实际预测。  相似文献   

江西省7至9月水汽资源特征   总被引：5，自引：5，他引：5       下载免费PDF全文

李玉林  杨梅  曾光平 《气象科技》2003,31(3):167-173

根据天气学原理 ,对 11个探空站 1988～ 1997年 7、8、9月逐日 (0 7时、19时 )资料与同期天气系统 (低槽、副热带高压、低压辐合、东风波、台风低压、大陆高压、台风外围 )进行计算与分析 ,结果表明 ,江西省 1988～ 1997年 7～ 9月平均水汽量值为 4 .4 6 g·cm-2 ,其中 :0 7时为 4 .4 4 g·cm-2 ,19时为 4 .4 7g·cm-2 ,7、8、9月平均水汽量值各为4 .8g·cm-2 、4 .6 4 g·cm-2 、4 .0 9g·cm-2 。水汽量分布为南部高北部低 ,东部和西部居中。东风波影响时水汽量最大 ,值为 9.2 3g·cm-2 ,大陆高压影响时水汽量最小 ,值为 0 .78g·cm-2 。轻度干旱频率区水汽量值最大 ,为4 .81g·cm-2 ,最小值出现在重度干旱频率区 ,为 0 .72 g·cm-2 。夏季水汽交换次数为 9.4次 /月 ,水汽更新率为 10 .2天。  相似文献   

新一代天气雷达观测的福建夏季对流云特征   总被引：9，自引：4，他引：9  

陈秋萍  冯晋勤陈冰  曾光平隋平郑淑贞  冯宏芳 《应用气象学报》2003,14(Z1):180-186

2001年和2002年7～9月利用福建省建阳市和龙岩市二部新一代天气雷达对福建夏季对流云进行系统的观测.通过对观测资料的统计分析和实例分析得到不同类型福建夏季对流云的生命史、尺度、强度等特征;多单体合并对流云液态水总量最大,发展-成熟阶段平均值达4.8×109 kg,是福建夏季对流云中最重要降水云型;对流云发展的不同阶段,不同高度层辐合辐散特点.这些结果为进一步研究夏季南方对流云结构、降水原理提供科学依据.  相似文献   

近50a东北地区夏季气温异常的时空变化特征   总被引：19，自引：4，他引：19  

杨素英  王谦谦 《南京气象学院学报》2003,26(5):653-660

利用国家气候中心整编的1951—2000年中国160个站月平均气温资料，选出东北地区20个代表站，在分析东北气温季节一年际变化特征的基础之上，着重分析了东北夏季气温的年际、年代际变化的时空特征。发现：夏季气温20世纪50年代中期之前略偏高，50年代中期以后至70年代最低，80年代开始缓慢回升，90年代增暖程度加大，50a来有增暖的趋势；气温异常存在3a、4a、7a的年际周期和16a的年代际周期；东北地区夏季升温趋势与中国黄河以北地区是一致的，而与黄河以南-江南地区是反位相的，东北地区是我国夏季升温最显著的地区之一。  相似文献   

南极海冰的年际变化对中国东部夏季降水的影响   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

XUE Feng  GUO Pinwen  YU Zhihao 《大气科学进展》2003,20(1):97-102

根据Hadley中心提供的1969—1998年的南极海冰再分析资料和其它多种观测资料，分析了南极海冰的年际和季节变化，指出南极海冰具有显著的年际变化，但与ENSO的关系则较为复杂。南极海冰维持了南半球高纬地区大气环流的季节持续性，因而对短期气候预测有较大帮助。相关分析和时间序列分析均证实中国东部夏季降水与南极海冰的年际变化有关，当北半球春夏季南极海冰增多时，华北降水增多而华南和东北降水减少。研究还表明，此种雨型分布与南极海冰变化引起的东亚夏季风环流变化有关。  相似文献