A Eulerian air pollution model for Europe with nonlinear chemistry   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Z. Zlatev  J. Christensen  Ø. Hov 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》1992,15(1):1-37

A long-range transport model with nonlinear chemical reactions is described. The model contains 35 pollutants and 70 chemical reactions. This is a Eulerian model defined on a space domain containing the whole of Europe. The spherical space domain (corresponding to the Earth's surface covered by the model) is mapped into a square plane domain and discretized by using a 32×32 grid. The grid increments are equidistant (both along the Ox axis and along the Oy axis). The choice of values of the physical parameters involved in the model and the numerical treatment of the model are shortly discussed. The model is tested with meteorological data for 1985 and 1989. The numerical results are compared with measurements at stations located in different European countries. Extensive comparisons of ozone concentrations for July 1985 with measurements taken at 24 European stations are also carried out. Results concerning three episodes in July 1985 as well as results obtained in the study of the sensitivity of the ozone concentrations to variations of NO _x and/or anthropogenic VOC emissions are presented. The advantages and the limitations of such a model are discussed. The model is continuously improved by adding new modules to it. The plans for improvements in the near future are outlined.  相似文献   

VARIATIONS IN THE TELECONNECTION INTENSITY INDICES AND THEIR REMOTE RESPONSE TO THE EL NINO EVENTS IN THE NORTHERN HEMISPHERE^*          下载免费PDF全文

Zhu Qiangen  Shi Neng 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》1992,6(4):433-445

In this study,the monthly and seasonal teleconnection intensity indices of the Pacific/North American(PNA),Western Atlantic(WA),Western Pacific(WP),Eastern Atlantic(EA) and Eurasian(EU) patterns for the period from 1951 through 1990 are calculated.On this basis,their climatic variations and the relationship between the five teleconnection intensity indices and the El Nino events are examined.It is noted that when El Nino is at its mature stage(winter),the weak WP pattern is mainly characteristic of the circulation and the strong PNA pattern is the next.In summer when El Nino occurs and develops,the strong EU,weak WP and weak WA patterns are the main characteristics without the PNA circulation anomalies.Finally,by the nonlinear mapping method a nonlinear mapping diagram is established for diagnosing El Nino using three summer teleeonuection intensity indices and May and August Southern Oscillation Indices(SOIs).Thus,the El Nino phenomenon occurring in 1991 is diagnosed.Besides,the winter atmospheric circulation of the 1991/1992 El Nino is found to be the weak WP pattern and the PNA pattern is also weak.  相似文献   

IAP GCM模式大气波谱结构及其在厄尔尼诺年的异常     

王盘兴  刘家铭  沈素红 《南京气象学院学报》1992,(1)

本文分析了中国科学院大气物理研究所大气环流模式(IAP GCM)模式大气波谱结构(沿纬圈的谐波波谱和时域上的频率谱)及其在厄尔尼诺年的异常。结果表明,超长波是低纬波动的主要空间形式,准40天振荡在一定地理区域内显著存在,并与观测结果有一定联系,它们在厄尔尼诺年均发生明显异常。本工作对鉴定GCM性能及开发GCM的研究领域可能是一种有益的尝试。  相似文献   

北半球500百帕极地环流与厄尔尼诺、南方涛动及我国气温场的遥相关     

施能  罗伯良 《南京气象学院学报》1992,(2)

本文用1951—1984年的资料对500百帕、65°N以北的高度场作自然正交展开,用模糊聚类对典型场归类。指出,极涡月平均场有三种形态,1月份平均场形态较特殊;大尺度距平场也有三种形态,4月份距平场形态较特殊。此外,研究了典型场的时间权重系数与厄尔尼诺、南方涛动的关系。指出,厄尔尼诺现象发生的当年4月、10月极地大尺度距平场有明显的异常特征。这种极地环流异常已明显影响到我国4月份、10月份的气温场。因而,可能是厄尔尼诺年我国气温4月偏低、10月偏高的一个重要原因。  相似文献   

1986/1987厄尔尼诺期间的西风强化和海气相互作用过程分析   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

于惠苓  蒲书箴 《大气科学》1992,16(4):427-435

本文利用欧洲中期数值天气预报中心(ECMWF)西北太平洋上空(25°—35°N,110°—180°)850 hPa客观分析的西风分量,计算了1986/1987厄尔尼诺期间的西风强度.结果表明1986年12月—1987年5月西风的累计强度比1986/1987厄尔尼诺前后诸年份同期的西风更强,这种强化与历次厄尔尼诺期间西北太平洋副热带高压的加强是一致的,都反映了哈德莱环流的强化.为了探讨大气环流发生这种变化的原因,作者利用中美海气观测期间的海洋资料,说明了热带两太平洋东部对低纬度大气异常的加热和西部边界流向中纬度海洋输送热量的减少是两个十分重要的原因.  相似文献   

Geodynamic settings of Mesozoic large-scale mineralization in North China and adjacent areas   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

Jingwen?MaoEmail author  Yitian?Wang  Zuoheng?Zhang  Jinjie?Yu  Baogui?Niu 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2003,46(8):838-851

Based on the summary of the highly precise datings of the metal deposits and related granitic rocks in North China craton and adjacent areas, such as the molybdenite Re-Os datings,⁴⁰Ar-³⁹Ar datings of mica, K-feldspar and quartz, some Rb-Sr isochrons, and the SHRIMP zircon U-Pb dating and single grain zircon U-Pb dating, we suggest that the large-scale mineralization in North China craton and adjacent areas take place in three periods of 200-160Ma, 140Ma±, and 130-110Ma. Their corresponding geodynamic settings are proposed to be the collision orogenic process, transformation of the tectonic regime, and delamination of the lithosphere, respectively, in light of analyzing the Mesozoic geodynamic evolution in the North China craton.  相似文献   

Impact of El Nio on Large-scale Circulation of Southeast Asian Summer Monsoon     

白学志  吴爱明 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2003,(2)

ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＴａｏａｎｄＣｈｅｎ (1 987)ｗｅｒｅｔｈｅｆｉｒｓｔｔｏｐｏｉｎｔｏｕｔｔｈａｔｔｈｅＡｓｉａｎｓｕｍｍｅｒｍｏｎｓｏｏｎｉｓｃｏｍｐｒｉｓｅｄｏｆｔｗｏｓｙｓｔｅｍｓ:ＥａｓｔＡｓｉａｎｓｕｍｍｅｒｍｏｎｓｏｏｎ (ＥＡＳＭ )ａｎｄＳｏｕｔｈＡｓｉａｎｓｕｍｍｅｒｍｏｎｓｏｏｎ (ＳＡＳＭ) .Ｔｈｅｙａｒｅｄｉｓｔｉｎｃｔｌｙｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｔｆｒｏｍｅａｃｈｏｔｈｅｒｉｎｂｏｔｈｌａｒｇｅ ｓｃａｌｅｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅａｎｄｃｏｎｓｔｉｔｕｅｎｔｓｕｂｓｙｓｔｅｍｓ.Ｔｈｅｒ…  相似文献   

A ∼6100 14C yr record of El Niño activity from the Galápagos Islands     

Melanie A. Riedinger  Miriam Steinitz-Kannan  William M. Last  Mark Brenner 《Journal of Paleolimnology》2002,27(1):1-7

Lithostratigrahic and mineralogic analyses of sediments from hypersaline Bainbridge Crater Lake, Galápagos Islands, provide evidence of past El Niño frequency and intensity. Laminated sediments indicate that at least 435 moderate to very strong El Niño events have occurred since 6100 ¹⁴C yr BP (7130 cal yr BP), and that frequency and intensity of events increased at about 3000 ¹⁴C yr BP (3100 cal yr BP). El Niño activity was present between 6100 and 4000 ¹⁴C yr BP (4600 cal yr BP) but infrequent. The Bainbridge record indicates that there has been considerable millennial-scale variability in El Niño since the mid-Holocene.  相似文献   

近50 a全球和三大洋海温距平的时空变化特征   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

王晓悦  钱永甫 《南京气象学院学报》2002,25(6):755-763

利用49a(1950-1998年)NCEP/NCAR逐月SSTA资料和EOF方法,分别对太平洋、大西洋、印度洋和全球海洋SSTA主要特征向量的空间分布和相应的时间变化进行了讨论。利用Morlet小波进一步分析了要素场的周期变化和能量变化。发现经EOF分解后的SSTA场具有很好的空间整体性和明显的年际和年代际变化。各大洋海温变化存在明显的同期和时滞相关关系,很好地体现了大洋间的协同作用和太平洋的主导作用。从不同的空间分布模态中选择海温变化显著的区域作为关键区,进行同期和时滞相关分析,结果发现各关键区之间具有明显的同期和时滞相关关系。  相似文献   

早期碰撞造山过程与板块构造：前寒武纪地质研究的机遇和挑战   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

李江海  侯贵廷  刘守偈 《地球科学进展》2006,21(8):843-848

普遍认为修正后的板块构造模式仍适用于新太古代地质研究，但是早期板块构造过程与后期有明显差异，包括陆块规模、造山带类型、碰撞造山过程等。典型碰撞造山带在地史上的初次形成具有划时代的构造演化意义，涉及典型板块构造初始发生过程、最早超级大陆拼合、威尔逊旋回及板块碰撞造山过程等方面。华北中部保留一条近南北向的碰撞造山带（2 600~2 500 Ma BP），保留特征的巨型复式褶皱、不同层次推覆构造、蛇绿岩混杂带等。围绕华北中部造山带及其25亿年重大构造热事件的研究，对认识华北早期构造演化及其超大陆再造具有重要意义，也是早期板块构造研究的关键突破口之一，开展其不同地壳层次构造变形及其前陆盆地的研究，将深化早期板块边界及其造山过程的科学认识。  相似文献