Alteration of hydrologic indicators for Korean catchments under CMIP5 climate projections          下载免费PDF全文

Mun‐Ju Shin  Hyung‐Il Eum  Chung‐Soo Kim  Il‐Won Jung 《水文研究》2016,30(24):4517-4542

The change of hydrological regimes may cause impacts on human and natural system. Therefore, investigation of hydrologic alteration induced by climate change is essential for preparing timely proper adaptation to the changes. This study employed 24 climate projections from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) under Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 4.5 scenario. The climate projections were downscaled at a station‐spacing for seven Korean catchments by a statistical downscaling method that preserves a long‐term trend in climate projections. Using an ensemble of future hydrologic projections simulated by three conceptual rainfall‐runoff models (GR4J, IHACRES, and Sacramento models), we calculated Hydrologic Alteration Factors (HAFs) to investigate degrees of variations in Indicators of Hydrologic Alteration (IHAs) derived from the hydrologic projections. The results showed that the seven catchments had similar trend in terms of the HAFs for the 24 IHAs. Given that more frequent severe floods and droughts were projected over Korean catchments, sound water supply strategies are definitely required to adapt to the alteration of streamflow. A wide range of HAFs between rainfall‐runoff models for each catchment was detected by large variations in the magnitude of HAFs with the hydrologic models and the difference could be the hydrologic prediction uncertainty. There were no‐consistent tendency in the order of HAFs between the hydrologic models. In addition, we found that the alterations of hydrologic regimes by climate change are smaller as the size of catchment is larger. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Further results on the line-profile variability of WR 134     

E. Gosset  J. -M. Vreux  Y. Andrillat 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1994,221(1-2):181-188

We discuss a few conclusions previously derived from the analysis of the lineprofile variability of the Wolf-Rayet star WR 134; some details are made more explicit. In addition, we present a new set of data and briefly comment on recent results deduced from its analysis.  相似文献   

Searching for multifractal scaling in gamma ray burst time series     

D. C. Meredith  J. M. Ryan  C. A. Young 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1995,231(1-2):111-114

We present a multifractal analysis of GRB time series used to quantify the variability of the light curve. We discuss the advantages and disadvantages of multifractal analysis, including sensitivity to noise, and burst intensity, and present results for a few sample bursts.  相似文献   

Deformation of the Viscoelastic Earth Due to the Secular Change In the Earth''s Axis of Rotation   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

H. Hanada 《Geophysical Journal International》1988,95(2):315-321

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Interannual variability of the southern Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

胡敦欣  王庆业 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2004,22(3):231-236

Temperature data collected in the sections of 34°N, 35°N and 36°N in August from 1975 through 2003 were analyzed using Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) to investigate interannual variability of the southern Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass (YSCWM). The first mode (EOF1) reveals variations of basin-wide thermocline depth, which is mainly caused by surface heating. The second mode (EOF2) presents fluctuations of vertical circulation, resulting mainly from interannual variability of cold front intensity. In addition, it is found that the upward extent of upwelling in the cold front is basically determined by wind stress curl and the zonal position of the warm water center in the southern Yellow Sea is correlated with spatial difference of net heat flux.  相似文献   

Monitoring spatial variability of forest interception     

M. G. Durocher 《水文研究》1990,4(3):215-229

Field instrumentation was designed and installed to quantify the influence of forest interception on the spatial and temporal distribution of water flux onto and into the forest soil at the plot scale. An application is presented which demonstrates that the instrumentation has the required resolution to monitor the spatial variability and dynamics of the flux processes. The observations show that spatial variability of interception may play an important role, not only in small scale soil moisture heterogeneity, but also in the hydrological response of a forested catchment at the hillslope scale. They also highlight the need of gathering more field information on the effects of vegetation on the spatial variability of soil surface water input.  相似文献   

INFLUENCE OF INTERACTION BETWEEN LOW AND MIDDLE LATITUDES ON ENSO VARIABILITY IN THE CANE-ZEBIAK MODEL^*          下载免费PDF全文

Ni Yunqi 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》1996,10(2):160-174

In this paper,an error source in the atmospheric component of the CZ(Cane-Zebiak) model is discussed,which is missing a free mode in "the exact solutions".However,the improved scheme is proposed,which is the computational scheme with adjusted wind or observed u and v as lateral boundaries.The simulations show that the simulated surface wind by the improved scheme strongly bears resemblance to the observation except for the area near the west and the east boundaries of the integrated area.These results support the conclusion that the wind stress simulated by the improved scheme with lateral boundaries is much better than that simulated by the CZ model,and show that interaction between low and middle latitudes has an important influence on the ENSO variability in the CZ model.Therefore,considering its impact on the CZ model can improve capability of the CZ model for simulating ENSO variability.  相似文献   

The behaviour of a mixed-layer model of the convective boundary layer coupled to a big leaf model of surface energy partitioning     

C. Huntingford  J. L. Monteith 《Boundary-Layer Meteorology》1998,88(1):87-101

Daily mean values of the Priestley-Taylor coefficient, ¯, are derived from a simple model of the daily growth of a convective boundary layer. For a particular control set of driving environmental variables, ¯ is related to the prescribed bulk surface resistance, r_S by 1/¯ = 1/₀ + mr_S for parameters ₀ and m. The dependence of the parameters ₀ and m on weather is explored and a potential use of this linear relation to provide information about regional values of r_S is indicated.  相似文献   

Mesoscale moisture variability and its impact on energy transfer through the boundary layer     

Michael Frech 《Boundary-Layer Meteorology》1998,87(1):41-68

The impact of mesoscale moisture variability on the vertical energy transfer through a pre-frontal boundary layer is studied with NOPEX aircraft data. The moisture variability relates to a cold front that passed the area 2 1/2 hours after the observations. We find a density front ahead of the cold front. The large vertical divergence of the turbulent moisture flux in the surface layer is partly related to this moisture variability. Large scale horizontal advection contributes to the observed vertical turbulent flux divergence. The estimated horizontal mesoscale advection term in the budget of sensible heat and moisture is on average small but locally it can be large. This term acts to re-distribute moisture in the boundary layer and leads to sub-grid variations of relative humidity, which is an important quantity for boundary-layer cloud models. The distinct spatial variations of specific humidity are mainly related to synoptic forcing and not to heterogeneity in the surface energy balance.  相似文献   

Cloud feedback on sst variability in the western equatorial pacific in goals / lasg model   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Liu Hui  Zhang Xuehong  Wu Guoxiong 《大气科学进展》1998,15(3):412-423

The cloud feedback on the SST variability in the western equatorial Pacific in GOALS / LASG model is studied in this paper. Two versions of the model, one with the diagnostic cloud and another with the prescribed cloud, are used. Both versions are integrated for 45 years. It is found that in the prescribed cloud run, the SST variability in the western equatorial Pacific is mainly of interdecadal time scale and the interannual variability is very weak. In the diagnostic cloud run, however, the interdecadal SST variability is depressed much and the interannual SST variability becomes much significant. The mechanism for the feedback is then explored. The variability of sea surface temperature (SST) in the western equatorial Pacific is found to be controlled mainly by the zonal wind anomaly, through the process of upwelling / downwelling in both versions. Then it is found that in the diagnostic cloud case, the negative feedback of the solar short wave (SW) flux acts significantly to balance the effect of upwelling / downwelling in addition to the latent flux. In addition, the variability of the SW flux is shown to be closely related to the variability of the middle and high cloud covers. Therefore, the negative feedback of the SW surface flux may have significant contribution to the cloud feedback on the SST variability.  相似文献