2002年7～9月数值预报产品广西降水预报检验     

郑凤琴  孙崇智  陈冰廉 《气象研究与应用》2003,24(3):6-7

应用高斯权重插值法,以站点方式对2002年后汛期(7～9月)国内外三种数值预报产品如T213全球谱模式、日本细网格模式、广州中尺度模式的降水预报能力进行检验分析。结果表明,这三种数值预报产品对分县分级降水预报均有一定的预报能力,大雨以下:24h预报广州中尺度模式效果最好,而48h效果最好的是日本预报;大雨以上:24h首推日本预报,48h预报T213全球谱模式优于其它。  相似文献   

东北地区逐日气象要素的空间插值方法应用研究   总被引：51，自引：9，他引：51       下载免费PDF全文

庄立伟  王石立 《应用气象学报》2003,14(5):605-615

针对作物生长动力模型区域应用时对高精度格点逐日气象要素输入值的需要，以东北地区为例，选用克立格法 (Kriging)、以经纬度分布方向为权重的距离权重反比法（IDW）及带高度梯度订正的距离权重反比法（GIDW）3种插值方法进行有限气象站点4~10月逐日气象要素空间插值方法研究，并进行插值的统计量分析和估值的交叉验证。结果表明，对温度而言，GIDW方法估值精度较高，插值结果的平滑程度适中，插值结果分布趋势也较为接近实际站点的分布。对降水而言，IDW估值精度高于Kriging, 而且插值结果的平滑程度较小，更适合于日降水量的空间插值。GIDW、IDW估值精度较高的原因是研究中考虑到日最高温度、最低温度和降水量的经向、纬向梯度、海拔高度梯度存在明显的季节性变化，采用了根据气象要素经纬度方向确定权重，以及根据气象要素高度梯度年内变化进行高度订正的结果。  相似文献   

Geostatistics applied to best-fit interpolation of orientation data     

C. Gumiaux  D. Gapais  J. P. Brun 《Tectonophysics》2003,376(3-4):241-259

Automatic methods used in geosciences to interpolate between orientation data have often limited applicability and strength, in particular where large ranges of orientations occur. In this paper, we show that geostatistical methods yield rather strong and powerful results when applied to directional data. The procedure involves the calculation of variograms, followed by a kriging interpolation of the data. In order to free from the circular property of directional data, the treatment of initial angular data sets is performed using scalar values provided by the direction cosines of double-angle values. The strength and application of the method are demonstrated by the analysis of theoretical and natural data sets. Natural examples are focused on the calculation and the analysis of cleavage trajectory maps.  相似文献   

复杂山区地形条件下ERA5再分析地表气温降尺度方法     

于法川  祝善友  张桂欣  朱佳恒  张南  徐永明 《地球信息科学学报》2022,24(4):750-765

高时空分辨率的气温栅格数据是多种地学模型和气候模型的重要输入。山区地形复杂,气温空间异质性强,如何获取高时空分辨率的山区地表气温数据一直是研究热点与难点。本文选择地形复杂的河北省张家口市作为试验区,基于局部薄盘样条函数对ERA5再分析日均近地表气温（2 m高度）进行空间插值,并利用随机森林算法,结合少量气象站观测气温数据、地形地表参数数据构建日均气温订正模型和气温逐时化模型,实现空间分辨率由0.1 °（约11 km）到30 m的逐时气温降尺度,最后将该模型拓展应用于其他时间与区域,检验本文发展的降尺度方法在没有站点观测数据条件下的时空移植性。结果显示,本文降尺度方法得到的高时空分辨率山区气温数据精度较高,1月均方根误差（RMSE）平均值为2.4 ℃,明显优于气象站点插值结果,且气温相对高低的空间分布更为合理、纹理更加丰富;将该方法应用到其他时间与区域的RMSE平均值分别为2.9 ℃与2.5 ℃,均小于再分析资料直接插值所产生的误差。研究结果总体表明,在气象站点较少甚至没有时,可利用本文方法通过ERA5再分析气温准确获取复杂地形条件下的山区高时空分辨率气温数据。  相似文献   

Mapping crop phenology using NDVI time-series derived from HJ-1 A/B data     

《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2015

With the availability of high frequent satellite data, crop phenology could be accurately mapped using time-series remote sensing data. Vegetation index time-series data derived from AVHRR, MODIS, and SPOT-VEGETATION images usually have coarse spatial resolution. Mapping crop phenology parameters using higher spatial resolution images (e.g., Landsat TM-like) is unprecedented. Recently launched HJ-1 A/B CCD sensors boarded on China Environment Satellite provided a feasible and ideal data source for the construction of high spatio-temporal resolution vegetation index time-series. This paper presented a comprehensive method to construct NDVI time-series dataset derived from HJ-1 A/B CCD and demonstrated its application in cropland areas. The procedures of time-series data construction included image preprocessing, signal filtering, and interpolation for daily NDVI images then the NDVI time-series could present a smooth and complete phenological cycle. To demonstrate its application, TIMESAT program was employed to extract phenology parameters of crop lands located in Guanzhong Plain, China. The small-scale test showed that the crop season start/end derived from HJ-1 A/B NDVI time-series was comparable with local agro-metrological observation. The methodology for reconstructing time-series remote sensing data had been proved feasible, though forgoing researches will improve this a lot in mapping crop phenology. Last but not least, further studies should be focused on field-data collection, smoothing method and phenology definitions using time-series remote sensing data.  相似文献   

Robust methods for assessing the accuracy of linear interpolated DEM     

《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2015

Methods for assessing the accuracy of a digital elevation model (DEM) with emphasis on robust methods have been studied in this paper. Based on the squared DEM residual population generated by the bi-linear interpolation method, three average-error statistics including (a) mean, (b) median, and (c) M-estimator are thoroughly investigated for measuring the interpolated DEM accuracy. Correspondingly, their confidence intervals are also constructed for each average error statistic to further evaluate the DEM quality. The first method mainly utilizes the student distribution while the second and third are derived from the robust theories. These innovative robust methods possess the capability of counteracting the outlier effects or even the skew distributed residuals in DEM accuracy assessment. Experimental studies using Monte Carlo simulation have commendably investigated the asymptotic convergence behavior of confidence intervals constructed by these three methods with the increase of sample size. It is demonstrated that the robust methods can produce more reliable DEM accuracy assessment results compared with those by the classical t-distribution-based method. Consequently, these proposed robust methods are strongly recommended for assessing DEM accuracy, particularly for those cases where the DEM residual population is evidently non-normal or heavily contaminated with outliers.  相似文献   

混采数据分离中插值与去噪的同步处理   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

刘强  韩立国  李洪建 《地球物理学报》2014,57(5):1647-1654

近年来,由于新兴的混合采集观测系统在很大程度上提高了采集效率,因此得到了很多学者和石油公司的青睐.但在实际应用中,这种特殊观测系统的采集质量却受到很多因素的影响.一方面,该观测系统采集到的炮记录会受到相邻炮记录的干扰;另一方面,复杂的采集环境使得地震记录中包含部分空道;另外,采集过程中的场地环境干扰会不可避免地带入随机噪音,它们都会影响采集质量.虽然已有一些学者对这些因素做了相关研究,但都是单独分析,未能综合考虑各种干扰因素.本文基于稀疏约束反演的基本原理,将混合炮数据的分离、缺失道集的插值以及对随机噪音的压制问题整合在一起,通过一步处理同时减小如上三方面因素的不利影响,在改善信噪比的同时极大地提高了地震资料的处理效率.文章利用模拟数据和实际数据对这种新方法进行了验证,均得到了比较满意的效果.  相似文献   

基于插值原理的检查点技术波场重构与叠前逆时偏移          下载免费PDF全文

陈桂廷  王真理 《地球物理学报》2018,61(8):3334-3345

叠前逆时偏移等基于波场互相关原理的地球物理方法存在极大的计算与存储需求,因此采用合适的波场重构方法显得尤为重要.常规的随机边界法容易产生成像噪声,而有效边界法在三维情况仍难以实现,检查点技术具有内存要求小的特点,但存在较高的重算率,因此本文提出了插值原理的检查点技术波场重构方法.在满足Nyquist采样定理的前提下对相邻检查点间的波场进行规则抽样,将抽样波场作为插值节点,运用多项式插值算法重构任意时刻的波场,从而避免优化检查点技术反复递推造成的计算效率问题.数值实验表明：插值检查点重构算法能有效的恢复波场,其中三次样条插值重构精度最高,而牛顿法插值法计算代价较小适合于快速重构.经Sigsbee模型的叠前逆时偏移证明了插值算法的可行性,并且极大的提高了波场重构的计算效率.三维模型分析得出在增加少量存储的情况下插值重构法的重算率大幅度降低,存储量减少为有效边界法的7.1%,对于三维尺度的叠前逆时偏移有实际意义.  相似文献   

Well data mapping validation     

D. Krilov  M. Krylova 《Geophysical Prospecting》2020,68(4):1356-1360

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全球海洋大气柱水汽含量遥感融合数据产品生成     

孙伟富  赵宇佳  陈磊  张杰  吴培强 《海洋通报》2022,(4)

本研究利用国际在轨SSMIS、WindSat、AMSR-E、ASMR2和国产HY-2A微波辐射计多源遥感大气柱水汽含量观测数据,基于最优插值算法,生成了2003－2015年的全球海洋每日0.25°高分辨率大气柱水汽含量多源遥感融合产品,以及2012－2015年未使用HY-2A微波辐射计数据的全球海洋每日0.25°遥感融合产品。利用无线电探空仪水汽含量观测数据,对生成的全部全球海洋大气柱水汽含量融合产品进行精度检验,结果表明,总体上,13年间均方根误差和标准差优于3 mm,平均偏差优于0.6 mm,平均绝对偏差优于2 mm,相关系数优于0.98;使用HY-2A微波辐射计数据产品会使融合结果的精度出现微小的降低;AMSR2和HY-2A微波辐射计数据的联合使用对于替代AMSR-E数据具有积极意义。  相似文献