2011年1月贵州冻雨天气成因分析     

李丽丽  肖天贵  黄金全  冷宇 《气象科技》2013,41(6):1116-1121

利用2011年1月NCEP1°×1°6 h再分析资料和贵州省气象局提供的84个地面气象站1970—2011年冬季（12月至次年2月）资料对贵州省2011年1月持续的低温冻雨天气进行了气候统计和诊断分析。此次冻雨天气范围广,强度大,34个站气温达到40年来历史同期最低值。此次过程中的亚欧大陆环流异常的主要表现是乌拉尔山阻塞高压阶段性活跃,在里海槽前西南气流的持续补充下两次崩溃三次重建,在脊前形成深厚低压中心,导致频繁有冷空气南下影响贵州地区。  相似文献   

Characteristics of Drought and Flood in Zhejiang Province, East China： Past and Future     

FENG Lihua  HONG Weihu 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2007,17(3):257-264

On the basis of large amount of historical and measured data,this paper analyzed the regional,periodic,frequency,continuing,and response characteristics of droughts and floods in Zhejiang and proposed the conception of ratio of peak runoff.Main characteristics of droughts and floods in Zhejiang are as follows:1)The western Zhejiang region is plum rain major control area,and the eastern coastal region of Zhejiang is typhoon major control area.2)Within a long period in the future,Zhejiang will be in the long period that features droughts.3)In Zhejiang the 17th century was frequent drought and flood period,the 16th,19th,and 20th centuries were normal periods,while the 18th century was spasmodic drought and flood period.4)The severe and medium floods in Zhejiang were all centered around the M-or m-year of the 11-year sunspot activity period.5)There are biggish years of annual runoff occurred in El Ni?o year(E)or the following year(E 1)in Zhejiang.The near future evolution trend of droughts and floods in Zhejiang is as follows:1)Within a relatively long period in the future,Zhejiang Province will be in the long period of mostly drought years.2)Between 1999 and 2009 this area will feature drought years mainly,while the period of 2010-2020 will feature flood years mostly.3)Zhejiang has a good response to the sunspot activities,and the years around 2009,2015,and 2020 must be given due attention,especially around 2020 there might be an extremely severe flood year in Zhejiang.4)Floods in Zhejiang have good response to El Ni?o events,in El Ni?o year or the following year much attention must be paid to.And 5)In the future,the first,second,and third severe typhoon years in Zhejiang will be 2009,2012,and 2015,respectively.  相似文献   

Correlation between El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and precipitation in South‐east Asia and the Pacific region     

Z. X. Xu  K. Takeuchi  H. Ishidaira 《水文研究》2004,18(1):107-123

The relationship between El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events versus precipitation anomalies, and the response of seasonal precipitation to El Niño and La Niña events were investigated for 30 basins that represent a range of climatic types throughout South‐east Asia and the Pacific region. The teleconnection between ENSO and the hydroclimate is tested using both parametric and non‐parametric approaches, and the lag correlations between precipitation anomalies versus the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) several months earlier, as well as the coherence between SOI and precipitation anomalies are estimated. The analysis shows that dry conditions tend to be associated with El Niño in the southern zone, and part of the middle zone in the study area. The link between precipitation anomalies and ENSO is statistically significant in the southern zone and part of the middle zone of the study area, but significant correlation was not observed in the northern zone. Patterns of precipitation response may differ widely among basins, and even the response of a given river basin to individual ENSO events also may be changeable. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

镍为基体改进剂—石墨炉原子吸收法连续测定岩石矿物中痕量铊和镓     

姜凤华  姜春姬 《吉林地质》1993,12(2):66-70

本法采用镍为基体改进剂,消除较复杂试样的基体干扰,直接用石墨炉原子吸收法测定岩石矿物中痕量铊和镓。该法简便、快速、准确。国家一级标样测定值与推荐值吻合。对于镓的测定经过100多个实际样品考查分析质量符合要求。  相似文献   

CHARACTERISTICS OF TROPICAL CYCLONE GENESIS IN THE WESTERN NORTH PACIFIC DURING THE DEVELOPING AND DECAYING PHASES OF TWO TYPES OF EL NI?O     

钟佩瑄  李天明 《热带气象学报(英文版)》2015,21(1):14-22

During the developing phase of central Pacific El Nio(CPEN), more frequent TC genesis over the northwest quadrant of the western North Pacific(WNP) is attributed to the horizontal shift of environmental vorticity field.Such a northwestward shift resembles the La Nia composite, even though factors that cause the shift differ(in the La Nia case the relative humidity effect is crucial). Greater reduction of TC frequency over WNP happened during the decaying phase of eastern Pacific El Nio(EPEN) than CPEN, due to the difference of the anomalous Philippine Sea anticyclone strength. The TC genesis exhibits an upward(downward) trend over the northern(southern) part of the WNP,which is linked to SST and associated circulation changes through local and remote effects.  相似文献   

两类厄尔尼诺事件对金华气候的影响     

项素清  舒素芳  邱小伟 《海洋预报》2015,32(3):13-18

利用金华本站历史观测资料,分别就两类厄尔尼诺事件次年降水量、梅雨、高温日数、日照时数和台风等情况逐一进行分析探讨。结果表明:两类厄尔尼诺事件对金华气候的影响存在显著的差别,第1类影响年金华年降水量偏多,是涝年。入梅偏早,出梅偏晚,梅期偏长,降水量比常年偏多。日照时数比常年偏少,出现高温天数少,高温天气不严重。第2类影响年正好相反,金华年降水偏少,是旱年,入梅容易偏晚,出梅偏早,梅期偏短,梅雨量偏少,日照比常年偏多,高温出现也多,是高温天气比较严重的年份。  相似文献   

厄尔尼诺/拉尼娜与重庆次年夏季涝/旱的非对称关系          下载免费PDF全文

XIANG Bo  ZHOU Jie  LI Yonghua 《大气和海洋科学快报》2020,(2):171-178

本文详细分析了厄尔尼诺/拉尼娜与重庆夏季典型涝/旱年之间的不对称关系。结果表明:(1)厄尔尼诺和拉尼娜对重庆次年夏季降水有不对称影响。厄尔尼诺年的大气环流异常与重庆夏季典型涝年的特征一致;然而,拉尼娜年的大气环流异常与重庆夏季典型旱年的特征不一致。(2)从冬季到次年夏季,厄尔尼诺对重庆夏季典型涝年的影响主要是通过热带印度洋海温的‘接力效应’维持的。  相似文献   

Vertical structure of larval fish assemblages during diel cycles in summer and winter in the southern part of Bahía de La Paz, México     

Gerardo Aceves-Medina  Ricardo Saldierna-Martínez  Alejandro Hinojosa-Medina  Sylvia P.A. Jimnez-Rosenberg  Martín E. Hernndez-Rivas  Raúl Morales-vila 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2008,76(4):889-901

The effect of environmental variables on the vertical structure of larval fish assemblages in a tropical coastal lagoon was analyzed. Ichthyoplankton samples were collected from the near-bottom and surface strata near the mouth of a subtropical lagoon during contrasting seasonal conditions of temperature, photoperiod, light intensity, and tidal heights. During summer, larval fish assemblages had high species richness (R) and were dominated by tropical species. During winter, assemblages had lower R values and were dominated by subtropical and temperate species. Vertical distribution patterns of the taxa were determined by the interaction of environmental variables and behavior of each species to maintain their position in a stratum in the water column, or to achieve vertical migrations induced by environmental stimuli that, in this case, were thermal gradient, column water stratification, and intensity of light. Depth position and vertical migration of fish larvae, coupled with the flood and ebb tide conditions, played an important role in their retention and displacement toward the lagoon. Fish larvae with distribution restricted to the inner part of the inlet, such as Achirus mazatlanus, Etropus sp., and several gobies, were more abundant in the near-bottom stratum during the ebb tide, allowing them to avoid exportation, whereas those that could spawn outside, but depended on the inlet as a nursery area, were more abundant near the surface during flood tide, such as Abudefduf troschelii and Stegastes rectifraenum.  相似文献   

辽宁汛期暴雨的大气环流特征分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

吴艳青  崔锦  阎琦 《气象与环境学报》2009,25(2):38-44

应用合成分析、距平分析和位势平均等方法,基于美国NCEP/NCAR的再分析资料和辽宁地区逐日降水资料,对辽宁地区汛期暴雨的大气环流、风场、温度场和湿度场特征进行对比分析。结果表明：在厄尔尼诺或拉尼娜背景下,辽宁夏季多暴雨月与少暴雨月相比,对应的500 hPa高度距平场、500 hPa风矢量与温度距平叠合场以及850 hPa水汽输送矢量场,均存在着显著的差异;同样是暴雨多（少）的月份,对应的厄尔尼诺与拉尼娜背景相比,500 hPa高度距平场、500 hPa风矢量与温度距平叠合场以及850 hPa水汽输送矢量场均有不同的表现。  相似文献   

Changes and variation in the discharge regime of the Upper Suriname River Basin and its relationship with the tropical Pacific and Atlantic SST anomalies     

Riad Nurmohamed  Sieuwnath Naipal  Cor Becker 《水文研究》2008,22(11):1650-1659

Long‐term changes and variability in river flows in the tropical Upper Suriname River Basin in Suriname (2–6°N, 54–58°W) are analysed, including the relation to sea surface temperatures (SSTs) in the tropical Atlantic and Pacific Ocean. To analyse variability, lag correlation and statistical properties of the data series are used. Long‐term changes are analysed using parametric and non‐parametric statistical techniques. The analyses are performed for the period 1952–1985. The results show that both river discharge series at Semoisie and Pokigron are non‐stationary and have a negative trend. The negative rainfall trend in the centre of Suriname may be responsible for the negative trend in the annual river discharges in the basin. The highest correlation (Pearson's coefficient c) is obtained when the Tropical North Atlantic (TNA) SSTs lags the monthly discharges at Pokigron by 3–4 months (c = 0·7) and when the Tropical South Atlantic (TSA) SSTs lags the discharges by 4 months (c = ? 0·7). It also follows that the high (low) monthly flows, from April–August (September–March) are associated with increasing (decreasing) SSTs in the TNA and with decreasing (increasing) SSTs in the TSA. The results also reveal that years with low (high) discharges are more related to warmer (colder) SSTs during the year in the TNA region and a southward displacement of the Inter‐Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). However, the Pacific El Niño (La Niña) events may also be responsible for low (high) flow years in this basin. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献