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151.
S.J. Malone J.G. Meert D.M. Banerjee M.K. Pandit E. Tamrat G.D. Kamenov V.R. Pradhan L.E. Sohl 《Precambrian Research》2008,164(3-4):137-159
The utility of paleomagnetic data gleaned from the Bhander and Rewa Groups of the “Purana-aged” Vindhyanchal Basin has been hampered by the poor age control associated with these units. Ages assigned to the Upper Vindhyan sequence range from Cambrian to the Mesoproterozoic and are derived from a variety of sources, including 87Sr/86Sr and δ 13C correlations with the global curves and Ediacara-like fossil finds in the Lakheri–Bhander limestone. New analyses of the available paleomagnetic data collected from this study and previous work on the 1073 Ma Majhgawan kimberlite, as well as detrital zircon geochronology of the Upper Bhander sandstone and sandstones from the Marwar SuperGroup suggest that the Upper Vindhyan sequence may be up to 500 Ma older than is commonly thought. Paleomagnetic analysis generated from the Bhander and Rewa Groups yields a paleomagnetic pole at 44°N, 214.0°E (A95 = 4.3°). This paleomagnetic pole closely resembles the VGP from the well-dated Majhgawan intrusion (36.8°N, 212.5°E, α95 = 15.3°).Detrital zircon analysis of the Upper Bhander sandstone identifies a youngest age population at 1020 Ma. A comparison between the previously correlated Upper Bhander sandstone and the Marwar sandstone detrital suites shows virtually no similarities in the youngest detrital suite sampled. The main 840–920 Ma peak is absent in the Upper Bhander. This supports our assertion that the Upper Bhander is older than the 750–771 Ma Malani sequence, and is likely close to the age of the 1073 Ma Majhgawan kimberlite on the basis of the paleomagnetic similarities. By setting the age of the Upper Vindhyan at 1000–1070 Ma, several intriguing possibilities arise. The Bhander–Rewa paleomagnetic pole allows for a reconstruction of India at 1000–1070 Ma that overlaps with the 1073 ± 13.7 Majhgawan kimberlite VGP. Comparisons between the composite Upper Vindhyan pole (43.9°N, 210.2°E, α95 = 12.2°) and the Australian 1071 ± 8 Ma Bangamall Basin sills and the 1070 Ma Alcurra dykes suggest that Australia and India were not adjacent at this time period. 相似文献
152.
Soil nails have been widely used to stabilize slopes and earth retaining structures in many countries and regions, especially, in Hong Kong. The analysis of the interaction between a soil nail and the surrounding soil is of great interests to both design engineers and researchers. In this paper, authors present a simple mathematical model for the interaction analysis of a soil nail and the surrounding soil considering a few key factors which are soil dilation, bending of the soil nail, vertical pressure, and non-linear subgrade reaction stiffness. The lateral subgrade reaction between the soil and the soil nail is assumed to obey a hyperbolic relation. Reported test data in the literature are used to verify the present model. The contributions of the soil-nail bending on the pull-out resistance are evaluated in two case studies. 相似文献
153.
Conventional understanding of the nitrogen cycle in marine sediments has changed in recent years with the discovery of an alternative pathway for ammonia oxidation via the reduction of manganese oxides (during anoxic nitrification). In anoxic sediments, the potential for manganese oxides to serve as oxidant for nitrification may be considerable yet previous work on manganese-rich sediments has suggested anoxic nitrification may not be significant. In this study, the potential for anoxic nitrification in a range of sediment types was investigated. Laboratory incubation of sediment from three sites on the Humber Estuary, a microbially diverse environment, showed anoxic accumulation of nitrate, nitrite and dinitrogen gas, with and without the addition of synthetic manganese oxides. Incubation experiments confirmed anoxic nitrification as microbially mediated, with heat-killed controls yielding negative results. The anoxic nitrification reaction significantly depleted ammonia concentrations, and occurred simultaneously with manganese-, iron- and sulphate reduction, and methanogenesis. Taken in conjunction with other studies, results suggest anoxic nitrification may not only be dependent on total manganese concentrations but on manganese dynamics. Anoxic nitrification may be explained as a non-steady state reaction, dependent on the recent stability of a sediment system. Physical perturbation of sediments may cause the redistribution and/or introduction of manganese oxides and promote anoxic nitrification. The significance and persistence of anoxic nitrification is likely to depend on the frequency and magnitude of sediment perturbation, which explains why the reaction varies so widely across studied sites, and why it may not occur in some manganese-rich sediment. 相似文献
154.
M. Draoui J. Vias B. Andreo K. Targuisti J. Stitou El Messari 《Environmental Geology》2008,54(3):455-463
This paper presents the results of a comparative study relating to the application of four vulnerability mapping methods,
GOD, AVI, DRASTIC and SINTACS, in a pilot detritic aquifer situated in NW Morocco, known as the Martil–Alila aquifer. The
principal objective of this work is to determine the most suitable such methods for this aquifer type within a Mediterranean
context, and to show the effect of the rainfall variations that are characteristic of the Mediterranean climate on the degree
of vulnerability. The methods applied distinguish five classes of vulnerability, these being irregularly divided up in space,
with the division varying according to the method in question. The vulnerability maps obtained by the different methods strongly
suggest that the eastern half of the aquifer is more vulnerable to contamination than the western half, for all hydrological
situations. The effect of climatic conditions on the degree of vulnerability is well represented by the DRASTIC, according
to which the aquifer is moderately to strongly vulnerable during humid hydrological years and weakly to moderately vulnerable
during dry ones. For the other methods, this climatic effect is limited to the area occupied by the two predominant classes
(“High” and “Low” for GOD and “High” and “Moderate” for SINTACS) while it is null for AVI. In conclusion, DRASTIC appears
the most suitable for mapping the vulnerability to contamination of Mediterranean coastal detritic aquifers such as the Martil–Alila
aquifer. 相似文献
155.
Historical evidence shows block breakdown and collapse are actively occurring in large fault aligned caverns in the Yorkshire Dales karst. Deployment of ground penetrating radar at two such sites has provided detailed images of the sedimentary sequences below the present day cavern floor but no large blocks are imaged within the sediments. Solutional processes must be removing limestone from the sediment to allow continued cavern growth. Possible mechanisms to account for the lack of large blocks within the sediment fill are discussed. 相似文献
156.
This paper explores the links between a strategic policy, urban consolidation, and house prices by examining the changes in
the mix of housing and in house price for the period 1991–2004. We contend that urban consolidation could be seen as a source
of additional supply, (which might be expected to be felt in lower prices and so contribute to a local policy objective) but
also as a stimulus to demand (by developers who could bid up the price of lots where it was understood more housing could
be built). Analyses were carried out at the metropolitan and sub-regional scales using correlation tests. The research finds
very weak statistical connections, and concludes that this policy has not been associated with price changes. 相似文献
157.
人工合成烃类包裹体研究进展 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
人工合成烃类包裹体不仅可以作为分析仪器校正的标样,还可以增进人们对烃类包裹体形成机制和水—岩作用机理的认识。人工合成包裹体的方法主要有三种:人工晶体生长法、焊封石英管法和金刚石压腔法,其中利用愈合人工石英(水晶)单晶裂隙合成流体包裹体技术已成为标准的合成技术。目前人工合成烃类包裹体主要利用晶体生长法合成,包括高温高压利用石英(或方解石)晶体生长愈合裂缝形成流体包裹体和低温下采用过饱和溶液重结晶形成流体包裹体。由于高温高压条件下烃类可能发生裂解,母液保真是成功实现人工合成烃类包裹体的重要前提条件。国外在人工合成烃类包裹体研究方面已经取得了一些重要的认识,但远不及人工合成无机体系流体包裹体研究那样系统和完善。国内关于人工合成烃类包裹体研究尚处于起步阶段,迫切需要开展这方面的研究工作。 相似文献
158.
激光粒度仪的广泛应用带来了与历史数据的对比问题,因此需要建立激光粒度仪与早期分析结果之间的关系。根据江苏海岸潮滩沉积物样品的激光粒度仪和移液管-筛析法分析,对粒度参数、粒度组分等进行了对比,对两种方法的差异进行了分析。结果表明,对于江苏潮滩沉积物粒度参数中平均粒径的激光粒度仪与移液管-筛析分析结果之间有良好的线性关系;筛分法测得的粗颗粒物质较激光法偏少,而移液管法法测得的细颗粒物质较激光法偏多;将样品分类之后再进行两种方法所获粒度参数的回归分析,相关性得以提高,说明不同粒度组成的沉积物对分析结果的对比有不同的影响。两种方法之间的换算关系不仅与研究区域有关,而且与沉积物本身的粒度组成有关。 相似文献
159.
160.
在山东省莒南地质公园内发现6个小型恐龙足迹化石,被归入足迹属Minisauripus。化石产于下白垩统大盛群田家楼组.时代为早白垩世巴列姆(Barremian)-阿普特期(Apdan)。5个较大,长约6cm,产于下部“主”层面上,其中4个组成2节行迹:1个较小,长约3cm,位于“主”层面30cm之上的上部层面上。山东Minisauripus的特征是:足迹个体小(长3.1~5.6cm,宽2.0~3.7cm),三趾型,略不对称;足迹纵长,各趾近平行,趾垫较清晰;趾末端较钝,但爪迹较尖。Ⅲ趾比Ⅳ趾略长,而Ⅳ趾比Ⅱ趾略长且窄。此外,步幅较长,足长与步长之比约为10:1。与四川、韩国Minisau却淞不同之处是:足迹个体较大,长约是它们的2倍。继中国四川和韩国之后,山东是Minisau而淞在全球的第三个发现点。 相似文献