长短时记忆网络TS-InSAR地表形变预测     

陈毅  何毅  张立峰  陈宝山  何旭  蒲虹宇  曹胜鹏  高丽雅  杨旺 《遥感学报》2022,26(7):1326-1341

预测地面沉降对于城市基础设施损害的早期预警和及时采取补救措施具有重要意义。本文提出基于时序InSAR数据采用长短时记忆网络（LSTM）模型来预测地面沉降。以香港国际机场为研究区域,基于Sentinel-1A升轨影像利用时序雷达干涉技术（TS-InSAR）获取2015年—2020年机场时序地面沉降监测InSAR结果;利用机场时序InSAR形变结果建立堆叠式LSTM预测模型,并将预测结果与InSAR真实结果进行对比分析。结果表明,2015年—2020年香港国际机场地表垂直方向的平均形变速率为-19—5 mm/a。预测值与真实值的拟合均方根误差和平均绝对误差均较低,分别为0.75 mm和0.61 mm,同时其相关系数为0.99,表明LSTM预测模型在点级尺度上具有良好的性能,能够基于时序InSAR数据较准确预测地面沉降。但预测过程中发现,LSTM模型不适合长期预测,长期预测会出现失效性。本文提出的堆叠式LSTM预测模型可以作为一种有效方法来预测地表形变,尽管LSTM模型只是适用于短期预测,但其预测结果可用于辅助决策、早期预警和减轻危害。  相似文献   

基于BERTwwm与数据增强的地质实体识别研究     

章文琦  刘远刚  李少华  于金彪  史敬华  张昌民 《地质论评》2024,70(3):2024030034-2024030034

地质命名实体识别是识别地质文本中的地质实体并分类到准确的地质概念中的一项地质知识智能抽取任务,也是构建地质领域知识图谱的关键技术之一。本研究针对地质命名实体识别领域中复杂实体识别精度不足和样本标注成本较高这两大挑战,构建了一种地质实体识别模型BERTwwm-BiLSTM-Attention-CRF,该模型通过改进的预训练层BERTwwm并在模型中加入Self-Attention模块,显著提升了复杂地质实体的识别精度,对地质实体识别的精度达到92.67%的精确率,94.21%的召回率,以及93.29%的F1值。同时,为降低标注成本,提升小规模数据集的识别精度,本研究优化了模型构建流程,采用模型辅助标注方法,加快数据集的标注速度;改进简单数据增强方法,并利用地质字典有效扩充数据集,降低了人工标注的难度。经过实验证明,本研究提出的改进方法提高了地质实体识别效果,为地质文本分析提供了一种高效且经济的解决方案,有助于推动地质领域知识图谱的构建和地质信息的智能化处理。  相似文献   

基于自动机器学习的机场温度预报方法研究          下载免费PDF全文

朱国栋  朱蕾  王楠  孙少明  梁艳 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2021,15(6):113-119

利用2015年1月-2021年3月ECMWF细网格数值预报产品构建训练样本，使用自动机器学习方法构建乌鲁木齐机场温度预测模型。结果表明：（1）ECMWF模式直接输出的乌鲁木齐机场温度平均绝对误差为1.7 ℃，基于自动机器学习方法的Auto-sklearn模型和Auto-Keras模型能够改善模式直接输出的误差，使平均绝对误差降低至1.4 ℃。（2）分析逐月模型预测准确率发现，Auto-sklearn模型的预报准确率（≤2 ℃）在4-10月稳定在85%以上，效果优于其余模型。（3）对于冬季低温天气，Auto-Keras模型预报准确率优于其余模型的效果，平均绝对误差为1.37～1.91 ℃；而对于温度≥0 ℃的情况，Auto-sklearn模型预测效果更好，平均绝对误差为0.93～1.22 ℃ 。  相似文献   

Multi-hazard susceptibility mapping based on Convolutional Neural Networks     

《地学前缘(英文版)》2022,13(5):101425

Multi-hazard susceptibility prediction is an important component of disasters risk management plan. An effective multi-hazard risk mitigation strategy includes assessing individual hazards as well as their interactions. However, with the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology, multi-hazard susceptibility prediction techniques based on machine learning has encountered a huge bottleneck. In order to effectively solve this problem, this study proposes a multi-hazard susceptibility mapping framework using the classical deep learning algorithm of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN). First, we use historical flash flood, debris flow and landslide locations based on Google Earth images, extensive field surveys, topography, hydrology, and environmental data sets to train and validate the proposed CNN method. Next, the proposed CNN method is assessed in comparison to conventional logistic regression and k-nearest neighbor methods using several objective criteria, i.e., coefficient of determination, overall accuracy, mean absolute error and the root mean square error. Experimental results show that the CNN method outperforms the conventional machine learning algorithms in predicting probability of flash floods, debris flows and landslides. Finally, the susceptibility maps of the three hazards based on CNN are combined to create a multi-hazard susceptibility map. It can be observed from the map that 62.43% of the study area are prone to hazards, while 37.57% of the study area are harmless. In hazard-prone areas, 16.14%, 4.94% and 30.66% of the study area are susceptible to flash floods, debris flows and landslides, respectively. In terms of concurrent hazards, 0.28%, 7.11% and 3.13% of the study area are susceptible to the joint occurrence of flash floods and debris flow, debris flow and landslides, and flash floods and landslides, respectively, whereas, 0.18% of the study area is subject to all the three hazards. The results of this study can benefit engineers, disaster managers and local government officials involved in sustainable land management and disaster risk mitigation.  相似文献