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981.
在跨孔条件下,利用积分方程法计算了孔区内外不同位置、不同产状的三维椭球体模型视电阻率异常。根据所得的典型数值模拟结果,借助视电阻率异常信息剖面图,对异常进行研究,总结了异常特征及其变化规律,并以此为基础分析和认识了其他模型的异常特征。 相似文献
982.
贵州三都早奥陶世同高组下燕高页岩段的生物标志化合物 总被引:8,自引:1,他引:8
本文着重报道了贵州三都早奥陶世同高组下燕高页岩段生物标志化合物特征,首次在采自该层位的样品中检出丰富的正烷烃、链状类异戊二烯烷烃、萜类化合物及甾类化合物。测试结果显示:正烷烃图谱呈双驼峰形,碳数分布为nC15~nC35,以nC18为主峰碳,nC29为次主峰碳,C-21/C+22为0.77~1.02,OEP为0.94~1.04;植烷占优势,Pr/Ph为0.40~0.46;藿烷碳数为C27~C35,以C30占优势,C27+C29<C+31;仅见碳数分布为C20~C29的长链三环二萜烷,以C28为主峰碳;甾烷丰度顺序为C29甾烷>C27甾烷>C28甾烷,同时检出了孕甾烷和4-甲基甾烷。生物标志化合物显示出还原环境特点,且可能主要来自藻类。 相似文献
983.
Conservation tillage and input use 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
N. D. Uri 《Environmental Geology》1997,29(3-4):188-201
There continues to be a question as to the overall effectiveness of conservation tillage practices in reducing the impact
of agricultural production on the environment. While it is generally recognized that water runoff and soil erosion will decline
further, as tillage and mulch tillage systems are not used more extensively on cropland, what will happen to pesticide and
fertilizer use remains uncertain. To gain some insight into this, the conservation tillage adoption decision is modelled.
On the assumption that the decision to adopt conservation tillage is a two-step procedure, the first decision is whether or
not to adopt a conservation tillage production system and the second concerns the extent to which conservation tillage should
be used – appropriate models of the Cragg and Heckman (dominance) type are estimated. Based on farm-level data on corn production
in the United States for 1987, the profile of a farm on which conservation tillage was adopted is that the cropland had above-average
slope and experienced above-average rainfall, the farm was a cash grain enterprise, and it had an above-average expenditure
on pesticides and a below-average expenditure on fuel and custom pesticide applications. Additionally, for a farm adopting
a no-tillage production practice, an above-average expenditure was made on fertilizer.
Received: 18 September 1995 · Accepted: 6 December 1995 相似文献
984.
IntheLoessPlateau,alongtheslopelengthfromthetoptothebottom,soilerosionischaracterizedbyobviousverticalzonaldivision,thatis,sheeterosionzone,sheeterosionandrillerosionzone,rillerosionandshallowgullyerosionzoneandgullyerosionzone.Inthesheetandrillero..sionzone,rillerosionamounttakesup70%ofthetotalsoilloss[TANGKenetal.,1983,ZHENGFenlietal.,19871;intherillandshallowgullyerosionzone,rillerosionamountaccountsfor30--40%ofthetotalsoilloss.Sorillerosionisamajorerosionpatternonsteepslopeland.Riller… 相似文献
985.
The color of pumice: case study on a trachytic fall deposit, Meidob volcanic field, Sudan 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper examines the cause of color variations of trachytic pumices which are essentially uniform in chemical composition
and proposes a geological model for their formation. A pyroclastic sequence of distinct subunits with brown, buff, and black
pumices was deposited during the 5000-B.P. eruption of a tuff ring in the central Meidob volcanic field (Sudan). Subunits
of buff pumices locally contain minor amounts of streaky pumice with pale-gray and dark-gray domains. The combined evidence
of petrographic studies, chemical analyses of whole pumices and groundmass separates, electron microprobe analyses, optical
spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and magnetic susceptibility measurements show that color variations of the
pumice clasts are related to the size and distribution of Fe3+-rich oxide microcrysts. Buff pumice and light-gray domains of streaky pumice have a colorless, transparent groundmass with
very few microcrysts. Dark-gray domains of streaky pumice contain abundant hematite and/or magnetite microcrysts visible in
thin section within a transparent, colorless glass groundmass. The groundmass of the black pumice clasts is brown in thin
section which is most likely caused by submicroscopic magnetite microcrysts. Brown pumice clasts have a mixed groundmass consisting
of brown domains and domains with opaque microcrysts in transparent glass. Variations in the eruption dynamics have been inferred
from lithological observations. Subunits of black pumices are related to eruption pulses with low magma discharge and high
water/magma mass ratio, whereas subunits of buff pumice were deposited during eruption pulses with high magma discharge and
low water/magma mass ratio. Brown pumices represent the top part of the magma body, and the initial stage of the eruption
probably had a low magma discharge. Streaky pumices are interpreted as the product of syn-eruptive mixing of Fe3+-rich oxide microcryst-bearing magma and microcryst-free magma.
Received: 3 February 1997 / Accepted: 28 July 1997 相似文献
986.
The temporal and spatial characteristics of the surface air temperature variations over the Antarctic and its surrounding area 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The characteristics of the spatial distribution, temporal variations trend and oscillation for the surface air temperature
variations during 1957—1993 in the Antarctic and its surrounding area were analyzed. The results show that the short-time
climate change in the Antarctic is complex both temporally and spatially. The Antarctic is by no means the strongest responding
region to the global greenhouse effect. There is a distinguished difference in the trends of the temperature changes for the
Antarctic and global mean, which could not be explained simply by the global greenhouse effect.
Project supported by the National Antarctic Key Project of China (85-905). 相似文献
987.
988.
从大陆地震震源的观测研究、震源力学的理论研究和震源物理实验三个方面,评述了90年代以来中国震源物理研究的进展.这些进展包括:大陆地震的震源参数测定;利用数字地震资料进行的“现代”震源参数的反演;地震断裂力学的应用和发展;非线性物理学在震源研究中的应用;岩石破裂实验的发展;地震前兆的物理机制的实验研究等.指出了新技术的发展和现代物理科学的发展对90年代以来震源物理研究的重要影响.展望了跨世纪的我国震源物理研究的发展方向,指出震源物理研究的进展必将在大陆地震预测和减轻地震灾害方面发挥积极的作用. 相似文献
989.
990.
从天山乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川变化估计近百年来该地区夏季升温 总被引:6,自引:6,他引:6
通过冰川波动历史来揭示气候变化是一种重要的方法。然而,以往有关这一方面的研究大都是一些定性的。文章试图依据冰种变化来定量的研究气候变化,并且通过近百年来天山乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川的变化,揭示出本世纪以来该河源地区夏季气温上升约0.23 ̄0.25℃,同时,对于该冰川不同长度规模时的气候敏感性也进行了讨论。 相似文献