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81.
大气中低频重力波指数与西南低涡发展及其暴雨的关系 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用低频重力波指数法,对西南低涡发展演变及其暴雨强度,落区进行了诊断分析和预测。结果指出:(1)低频重力波指数Cp,Ci对西南低涡的发展及其暴雨强度,落区都有一定的预测意义,其预见期可达24小时以上;(2)低频重力波指数随时间变化与西南低涡发有较好的对应关系;(3)低频重力波指数的大小与西南低涡暴雨强度相联系;(4)西南低涡暴雨落区通常发生在Cp,Ci指数的最大负值区内和Cp等值线梯度最大的区域。 相似文献
82.
The statistical relationship between the summer monsoon rainfall over all India, northwest India and peninsular India, onset
dates of monsoon and the index of mid latitude, (35° to 70°N) meridional circulation at 500 hPa level over different sectors
and hemisphere based on 19 years (1971–1989) data, have been examined. The results indicate that (i) the summer monsoon rainfalls
over all India, northwest India and peninsular India show a significant inverse relationship with the strength of meridional
index during previous January over sector 45°W to 90°E. (ii) The summer monsoon rainfalls over all India and peninsular India
show a significant inverse relationship with the strength of meridional index during previous December over sector 90°E to
160°E, (iii) The summer monsoon rainfall over northwest India shows a significant direct relationship with the meridional
index during previous May over sector 160°E to 45°W.
Significant negative relationships are also observed between the meridional circulation indices of previous October (sector
3 and 4), previous December (sectors 1, 3 and 4), previous winter season (sector 3 and 4) and the onset dates of summer monsoon
over India. The meridional circulation index thus can have some possible use for long range forecasting of monsoon rainfall
over all India, northwest India and peninsular India, as well as the onset dates of monsoon. 相似文献
83.
Luo Zhexian 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》1994,8(1):60-71
The computational formulae are given for single-contour constant-value vortex motion influenced by the Coriolis force in the framework of contour dynamics,by which four numerical computations are performed,the result exhibiting their validity. 相似文献
84.
A case of mesoscale convective complex(MCC)which evolved into a vortex is documented in this paper.As theMCC entered into the dissipating phase,a well-defined spirally banded structure became visible in the satellite image.The blackbody temperature(TBB)of the residual cold-cloud-shield indicates the vortex existed in the layer from 400 to250 hPa.According to the upper air analysis,the upper level vortex was an anticyclone.The MCC-generated vortex wasvisualized in the satellite images because it was located in the subtropical high where the wind field was very weak. 相似文献
85.
86.
根据日本GMS资料和部分常规资料,对我国南方地区春末夏初的10个中尺度对流复合体(MCCs)做了分析。它们的基本特征与美国MCC相近。它们主要活动在夜间,一般在山地背风一侧斜坡上或坡底附近形成;并在对流层中低层中低纬度地区几个天气系统的迭加处获得发展;向东偏南方向移动,与700~500 hPa之间的平均气流方向大体一致,冷云罩面积约为1.4×105 km2,比美洲的(2~3×105 km2)略小;持续时间为12小时左右,比美洲的(10小时)稍长。云区形状呈椭圆形,但偏心率≥0.6。云顶最低温度一般在-86℃以下,出现在冷云罩面积达到最大之前4~6小时。 相似文献
87.
该文介绍了新近发展的一个高分辨率有限区模式(HLAM)。它是通过三重嵌套在现有计算机(CYBER-992)条件下实现的,其范围、地理位置及侧边界宽度均设计为灵活可变,尤其水平分辨率可按任意倍数提高。利用水平分辨率为50km左右的模式版本进行了实际资料的降水个例实验。结果是令人鼓舞的:(1)与嵌套的低分辨率(格距增大4倍)模式预报比较,不论低压中心位置、强降水落区、雨带走向及降水中心位置的预报都更接近实况;(2)高分辨率模式积分区域虽然缩小,但并未影响预报效果,其48小时预报仍有较高精度。初步试验表明,进一步完善和改进后的HLAM完全可以发展为一个用于中尺度研究及业务使用的高分辨率区域模式。 相似文献
88.
Tao Zuyu Wang Hongqing Bai Jie Zhu Wenqin Shi Dingpu Yang Hongmei 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》1995,9(2):184-189
A case of mesoscale convective complex(MCC) which evolved into a vortex is documented in this paper.As the MCC entered into the dissipating phase,a well-defined spirally banded structure became visible in the satellite image.The blackbody temperature(TBB) of the residual cold-cloud-shield indicates the vortex existed in the layer from 400 to 250 hPa.According to the upper air analysis,the upper level vortex was an anticyclone.The MCC-generated vortex was visualized in the satellite images because it was located in the subtropical high where the wind field was very weak. 相似文献
89.
A large sample of radar reflectivity data from essentially a full summer of operation was analyzed to determine the horizontal
extents and internal structure of rain areas observed at altitude levels from 2 to 10 km. Results are given on the size distributions
of individual cells or patches defined by reflectivity thresholds approximately 4 dBz apart, on the dependence of mean size
on altitude and reflectivity threshold, and on the interior structure of the patches as characterized by the number and sizes
of higher-threshold patches contained in each echo. In a more detailed analysis of internal structure, the data were restricted
to convective echoes in which certain prescribed reflectivities, ranging from about 30 to 50 dBz, were exceeded. It was found
that the dependence of mean quantities, such as patch area, on reflectivity and altitude could be approximately described
by simple functions, but that the scatter of observations about the mean was usually large. 相似文献
90.
Hydrodynamical Modeling Of Oceanic Vortices 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Xavier Carton 《Surveys in Geophysics》2001,22(3):179-263
Mesoscale coherent vortices are numerous in the ocean.Though they possess various structures in temperature and salinity,they are all long-lived, fairly intense and mostly circular. Thephysical variable which best describes the rotation and the density anomaly associated with coherent vortices is potential vorticity. It is diagnostically related to velocity and pressure, when the vortex is stationary. Stationary vortices can be monopolar (circular or elliptical) or multipolar; their stability analysis shows thattransitions between the various stationary shapes are possible when they become unstable. But stable vortices can also undergo unsteady evolutions when perturbed by environmental effects, likelarge-scale shear or strain fields, -effect or topography. Changes in vortex shapes can also result from vortex interactions. such as the pairing, merger or vertical alignment of two vortices, which depend on their relative polarities and depths. Such interactions transfer energy and enstrophy between scales, and are essential in two-dimensional and in geostrophic turbulence. Finally, in relation with the observations, we describe a few mechanisms of vortex generation. 相似文献