新疆乌恰2002年12月25日5.7级地震灾害损失评估     

胡伟华  宋立军  宋和平  李军  吕桂林  艾尔肯·哈斯木  张永奎 《内陆地震》2003,17(3):236-241

2002年12月25日20时57分，新疆维吾尔自治区克孜勒苏柯尔克孜自治州乌恰县境内发生5．7级地震。阿图什市、喀什市强烈有感。乌恰县城、黑孜苇水泥厂、康苏镇等地感受地震强烈。房屋建筑物遭受一定程度的破坏。本次地震没有造成人员死亡，轻伤1人，部分房屋结构受损，总经济损失为3045．85万元，属轻微破坏性地震。  相似文献   

Process of Housing Damage Assessment: The 1995 Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake Disaster Case     

Horie  Kei  Maki  Norio  Kohiyama  Masayuki  Lu  Hengjian  Tanaka  Satoshi  Hashitera  Shin  Shigekawa  Kishie  Hayashi  Haruo 《Natural Hazards》2003,29(3):341-370

Rebuilding of victims' livelihoods was a crucial issue in the restoration process in the1995 Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake Disaster. Housing damage assessment influencedmost of the rebuilding of the livelihood in the long term, because the Victim Certificatesissued by the local governments based on the results of the Housing damage assessmentwas required to receive most of the individual assistance measures. In the process ofHousing damage assessment, many complex problems arose, leading to extensivework on the part of the disaster responders. Consequently, a considerable number ofvictims were dissatisfied with the assessment and applied for a resurvey. Due to a floodof requests for resurvey, disaster responders had to work on damage assessment, leavingrelief activities aside.In order to facilitate Housing damage assessment, this paper discusses thefollowing five points: (1) the processes and the problems of assessments performedin the Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake Disaster, (2) the changes in the nature of informationneeded by the victims, (3) the improvements over the present damage assessment, (4)the housing situation in Japan, and (5) the international situation on damage assessment.It is obvious from the results that a poor damage assessment system and the size ofthe disaster produced a very large work load. Differences in appreciation among theinvestigators also contributed to unfair assessments and led to the victims beingincreasingly dissatisfied by the survey results. Finally, a design concept for acomprehensive damage assessment system, which has been derived from theabove five points, is proposed for post-disaster management.  相似文献   

徐州市侧柏毒蛾危害的气象条件及预测          下载免费PDF全文

王良起  王世枢  徐正敏  栾成淼  郭同斌 《气象科学》2003,23(4):496-500

利用现有实验结果和统计、调查资料，分析了侧柏(学名Playcladus Orientalis(L．)Franco)林主要虫害与气象因子的关系，建立起预报方程，并对林业部门开展了专业气象服务，为害虫防治工作争取了有利时机，拓展了气象服务领域，具有明显的社会经济效益。  相似文献   

黄河上游河南县地面大气冰核观测分析   总被引：7，自引：2，他引：7       下载免费PDF全文

李淑日黄庚  胡志晋 《应用气象学报》2003,14(Z1):41-48

用Bigg型混合云室对2001年8月黄河上游青海省河南县的地面大气冰核浓度进行了观测,分析发现(1)青海省河南县冰核浓度低于北京20世纪90年代的测值,但高于大连、西安和兰州(20世纪60年代)等地的测值,同时也高于黄河上游的玛曲(2000年)、西宁(1989年)两地的测值,高温核尤其偏高.(2)降水时大气冰核浓度减少,降水的冲刷可能是其主要原因.(3)当地冰核浓度和气压成正相关.(4)大气冰核浓度受风向的影响,无风时测值较小,偏东风时测值较大,高温核浓度增加明显.  相似文献   

云状判断中易出现的几种误记          下载免费PDF全文

陈亚利 《山西气象》2003,(1):25-26

春干旱、夏高温、秋阴雨是对临汾丘陵旱地区杂交玉米制种危害最大的3种灾害性天气。根据十多年的制种实践，提出了从抓改革耕作制度，增施有机肥等培肥地力，提水保墒，确保按期播种，培育壮苗，提高制种田的抗灾能力，以求这一地区杂交玉米制种平稳、健壮发展。  相似文献   

应用灰色系统理论进行地震灾害等级划分和灾情分析比较          下载免费PDF全文

杨仕升 《地震工程学报》1997,19(2):48-56

通过对地震时人员死亡、受伤、房屋破坏和直接经济损失４个灾害损失指标的函数转换，使得用不同的损失指标判别灾害等级的标准取得了统一．然后，应用灰色聚类方法划分地震灾害等级，并用灰色关联度排序方法对不同的灾情进行分析比较．同时还对１９６６～１９８３年我国大陆７次重要地震和１９９５年我国大陆１７次地震进行了灾害等级划分和不同灾情的分析比较．结果表明，该方法基本可定量准确地评价地震灾情  相似文献   

Earthquake Disaster Management and Insurance     

TANG Ai-ping~  WEN Ai-hua~ 《地球科学进展》2004,(Z1)

As one of the most powerful tools to reduce the earthquake loss, the Earthquake Disaster Management [EDM] and Insurance [EI] have been highlighted and have had a great progress in many countries in recent years. Earthquake disaster management includes a series of contents, such as earthquake hazard and risk analysis, vulnerability analysis of building and infrastructure, earthquake aware training, and building the emergency response system. EI, which has been included in EDM after this practice has been done for many years, include these contents: insurance model, financing. This paper presents the development of china in EDM and EI. The main contents include: (1) the statue and trend of earthquake disaster management and insurance in china; (2) the progresses and new methods about the seismic risk zonation and vulnerability analysis, and the future developing trend, the application of GIS in earthquake disaster assessment is introduced; (3) the way and illustration in building the earthquake disaster e  相似文献   

21世纪地震灾害的一些新特点   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

陈颙  彭文涛  徐文立 《地球科学进展》2004,19(3):359-363

灾害定量化是地球科学、工程科学和社会经济科学的交叉领域。人口城市化是全球的发展趋势，特别在第三世界人口城市化的趋势越来越显著。和农村发生突发灾害农民可以很容易地进行自救和互救不同，城市居民对供水、供电、煤气、暖气、通讯和交通等基础设施有很大的依赖性，现代城市在抗御自然灾害方面，比过去任何时候都显得更加脆弱。通过统计，我们发现在灾害损失 L和表征社会财富的GDP之间存在着经验关系：L＝ a＋ b×GDP＋ c×GDP 2其中 a，b，c为正的常数。关系式表明，自然灾害造成的灾害增长要比GDP的增长要快。  相似文献   

黄土震陷灾害典型震例的综合研究   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6       下载免费PDF全文

张振中  张冬丽  刘红玫 《地震工程学报》2005,27(1):36-41,46

阐述了1995年甘肃永登5.8级地震时造成的黄土震陷灾害形成条件、震害形态特征、黄土的基本性质及湿陷性和静、动土力学参数与震陷灾害的成因关系。并用震陷量预测计算方法和三维有限元数值模拟方法检验了黄土震陷灾害预测的理论、方法并解释了永登5.8 级地震黄土震陷现象。  相似文献   

云南宁蒗地震应急对策与探讨     

王学仁 《地震工程学报》2005,27(4):377-379

0引言1998年8月至2000年1月在云南省丽江地区宁蒗县境内先后发生13次4~6.2级地震。这一组强震事件前,丽江行署地震局前方工作组、宁蒗县地震局根据多年的预报经验两次向中国地震局和省地震局填报了临震预报卡,准确判定了各个阶段的震情发展趋势,较成功地实现了对这组地震事件的临震预报。与此同时,向丽江地委、行署、宁蒗县委、县政府等明确提出了地震应急对策措施和建议。震前行署地震局前方工作组到极震区的烂泥箐乡开展了防震减灾科普知识宣传活动,为地方政府和震区的人民群众在震前及时实施各项有效的防震减灾措施奠定了基础,对减少灾区…  相似文献