Palaeomagnetism of the Kvanishesten and Hornelen Old Red Sandstone Basins, western Norway     

M. A. Smethurst 《Geophysical Journal International》1990,102(3):585-601

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The geochemistry of iron and manganese in the waters and sediments of Bolstadfjord,S.W. Norway     

John Hamilton-Taylor  N.Brian Price 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》1983,17(1):1-19

The distributions of dissolved and solid phase Fe and Mn have been variously determined in vertical profiles through the water column and sediments at three stations in Bolstadfjord, S.W. Norway. Elevated concentrations of dissolved and suspended particulate Fe and Mn are associated with restricted deep waters as a result of redox reactions and with river discharge. The basin sediments are anoxic throughout but because of the greatly restricted circulation, remobilized Fe and Mn appear to remain predominantly trapped within the fjord. Differentiation of Fe and Mn occurs to the extent that Fe sulphide precipitation is ubiquitous in the sediments whereas the entrapment of Mn, probably through Mn carbonate precipitation, is found only in the sediments of the more seaward basin (maximum Mn content of 1·5% by weight).  相似文献   

Geological and geochemical factors affecting radon concentrations in dwellings located on permeable glacial sediments—a case study from Kinsarvik,Norway     

A.?V.?SundalEmail author  H.?Henriksen  S.?E.?Lauritzen  O.?Soldal  T.?Strand  V.?Valen 《Environmental Geology》2004,45(6):843-858

In 1996–1997, indoor radon values of more than 40,000 Bq/m³ and large seasonal and geographical variations in indoor air radon were reported from a residential area located on a highly permeable ice-marginal deposit. Geochemical analyses of bedrock, groundwater and sediments and comparisons between indoor radon values and soil radon values indicate that the indoor radon concentrations in this area are strongly affected by subterranean airflows caused by temperature differences between soil air and atmospheric air. The airflows concentrate the radon-laden soil air towards the topographic highest part of the deposit in winter and towards the topographic lowest part in summer. In areas where subterranean airflows are likely to occur, radon measurements performed both in summer and in winter provide the best estimate of annual average indoor radon concentrations, and assessments of indoor radon concentrations based on single soil gas measurements are not recommended.  相似文献   

Removal and bioaccumulation of anthropogenic, halogenated transient tracers in an anoxic fjord   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Toste Tanhua  K. Anders Olsson   《Marine Chemistry》2005,94(1-4):27

The persistence of the anthropogenic halogenated tracers, CFC-11 (CCl₃F), CFC-12 (CCl₂F₂), CFC-113 (CCl₂FCClF₂), carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄) and methyl chloroform (CH₃CCl₃) in oxygen-depleted waters was investigated in the anoxic fjord Framvaren in southern Norway. A model for the ventilation of the water in the fjord was created based on tritium and CFC-12 profiles. The results suggest that CFC-12 is stable in this environment, although still affected by particulate scavenging, while the other four halocarbon species shows signs of significant removal in the oxic/anoxic interface. The first-order removal coefficients were calculated to be 0.35, 0.19, 1.23 and 0.31 year⁻¹ for CFC-11, CFC-113, CCl₄ and CH₃CCl₃, respectively. Significant downward flux of halogenated tracers by sinking organic matter is suggested by the model; the tracers are subsequently released to the water column by the remineralisation of the particles. This process acts as a sink of halogenated tracers in the surface waters, whereas it is a source for the deep waters. Our results points to bioaccumulation factors (BF) for the CFC tracers in the order of 4.4–5.4 (log BF), which is 100–600 times those previously reported. This might be of significance to near-shore, semi-enclosed, basins with a high flux of organic matter, but would still have little importance in open ocean basins.  相似文献   

Diel changes in food and feeding of small gadoids on a coastal bank     

Albert  Ole Thomas 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》1995,52(5):873-885

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Models of fishery development : The cooperative approach     

Svein Jentoft 《Marine Policy》1985,9(4):322-331

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Non-predation natural mortality of Norway pout (Trisopterus esmarkii) in the North Sea     

Sparholt  Henrik; Larsen  Lena I.; Nielsen  J. Rasmus 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》2002,59(6):1276-1284

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Towards a process-based biogeography of reindeer—scaling space,time, and organizational levels of space use     

Roland Pape 《Norsk geografisk tidsskrift. Norwegian journal of geography》2016,70(4):230-246

Due to increasing anthropogenic habitat alteration, fragmentation, and loss, the analysis of how, when, and why animals select particular habitats has become a central issue in ecology and biogeography. Animals adapt to spatiotemporal variability in resources either by tracking these resources or by plasticity in behavior to cover their needs, leading to three important implications: movement, temporal variation, and individual trade-offs leading to intra-species variability, all of which are directly linked to the use of space by animals. Based on GPS-tracking of domesticated reindeer in southern Norway, the authors addressed these issues by analyzing movement patterns and space use simultaneously across different temporal and organizational scales. Emerging information about the space use by reindeer was found explicitly linked to scaling relations, reflecting the matter of scale as having important functional implications rather than solely being a technical question of extent and resolution. Adding movement into the analysis of space use further advances the necessary functional perspective on space use. The authors conclude that scaling not only space but also time and the organizational level, in combination with accounting for different behavioral states, brings biogeography closer to a process-based view, rather than solely pattern-based view.  相似文献   

Erosion and morphology of a debris flow caused by a glacial lake outburst flood,Western Norway   总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3  

Hedda Breien  Fabio V. De Blasio  Anders Elverhøi  Kaare Høeg 《Landslides》2008,5(3):271-280

This article documents a 240,000-m³ debris flow resulting from a glacial lake outburst flood in Fjærland, Western Norway, May 8, 2004. The event started when a glacial lake breached a moraine ridge. The ensuing debris flow was able to erode material along its path, increasing in volume from about 25,000 to 240,000 m³ before depositing about 3 km from its starting point. Field investigations, pre- and post-flow aerial photographs as well as airborne laser scanning (LIDAR) were used to describe and investigate the flow. The most striking and unusual feature of this case study is the very pronounced erosion and bulking. We have made a detailed study of this aspect. Erosion and entrainment is quantified and the final volume of the debris flow is determined. We also present geometrical and sedimentological features of the final deposit. Based on the Fjærland data, we suggest that a self-sustaining mechanism might partly explain the extreme growth of debris flows traversing soft terrain.  相似文献   

The uncertainties of precaution: Zero discharges in the Barents Sea     

Maaike Knol 《Marine Policy》2011

This paper describes and analyzes the application of the precautionary principle in the regulation of operational discharges from offshore petroleum activities. Norway implemented a zero discharge policy in line with international agreements. However, companies are obliged to follow considerably stricter requirements in the Barents Sea compared to other parts of the Norwegian Continental Shelf. This paper follows the development of the zero discharge measure and analyzes what it implies for activities in the Barents Sea. Several “uncertainties of precaution” are discussed, which relate to technological issues, monitoring, compliance and unintended environmental consequences. Precautionary action should be scrutinized for its proportionality: how do the benefits of the measure relate to the technological, financial and environmental costs? It is concluded that the most (cost-) effective solutions that could lead to the lowest total environmental harm are not always the solutions that are most politically feasible.  相似文献