Evidences linking ENSO and coral growth in the Southwestern-South Atlantic     

H. Evangelista  D. Godiva  A. Sifeddine  Z. M. A. N. Leão  N. R. Rigozo  B. Segal  T. Ambrizzi  M. Kampel  R. K. P. Kikuchi  F. Le Cornec 《Climate Dynamics》2007,29(7-8):869-880

Physical and biological changes in the marine environment, induced by oceanic-atmospheric processes, can be imprinted in massive coral skeletons. Herein, we present an evidence of potential El Niño impacts at the Southwestern South Atlantic Ocean (SWSA) inferred from the sclerochronology of the reef coral Favia leptophylla. The application of spectral analysis (wavelet decomposition and the iterative regression) to coral growth length and to meteorological-oceanographic parameters (air temperature, sea surface temperature and precipitation) as well as to Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) and solar irradiation indicated a major significant inverse relationship between SOI and coral growth length at the 4–8 years frequency band. We propose here that coral growth length from the SWSA could be affected by El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events through an “atmospheric bridge”, in contrast to its direct effect at the Pacific Ocean, related to the increase in sea surface temperature.  相似文献   

复杂山区上空垂直速度场和热力对流活动的理想数值模拟   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2  

黄倩  田文寿王文张强  沈学顺张镭　康凤琴 《气象学报》2007,65(3):341-352

利用英国气象局高分辨率的边界层数值模式BLASIUS,针对中国西北一个复杂山区进行了一系列的理想数值模拟,分析了在不同天气条件下山区上空的垂直速度场分布和对流特征以及地形对热力对流活动的影响,同时讨论了与地形有关的对流触发机制。模式结果表明,复杂山区的垂直运动在稳定层结和风速较大的情况下较易预测,而在中性层结下,山区上空的垂直运动分布随机性强。在Froude数小于0.5的条件下,气流往往被山峰阻塞而在迎风坡造成地形强迫和辐合性抬升,从而易在迎风坡触发深对流活动;在背风坡则由于迎风坡的绕流重新辐合而造成垂直运动。绕流的辐合是触发深对流活动的另一重要因子。在大风或Froude数较大的条件下,地形重力波容易在山地下游被激发。地形重力波与对流活动的相互影响在模式中清楚可见。在适当的条件下,重力波除了可以与对流活动相耦合从而使气团上升到更高的高度外,重力波的走向很可能会影响到深对流系统的传播路径。研究还发现稳定度对相邻两条对流线之间的距离长短也有影响。稳定度较小时,相邻两条对流线之间的平均宽度趋向变大而单个对流线的强度也相应变大。定量化的结论和理论升华值得进一步的数值模拟研究。  相似文献   

二维非定常中尺度气象过程对黔东南降雹天气的影响     

池再香  白慧  龚雪芹  彭兴德  金松瑜 《高原气象》2007,26(4):830-836

分析了黔东南地区16个地面气象观测站1971—2005年4~5月降雹资料和雹日相对应的14:00地面0 cm温度资料,考察了二维非定常中尺度气象过程对黔东南降雹天气的影响。结果表明:在有利的大尺度大气环流背景下,对流不稳定能量、地形抬升作用、低空水平螺旋度和14:00地面0cm温度的梯度变化与降雹有很好的相关关系,这些因子对有无降雹灾害天气提供了较好的预报依据。  相似文献   

邯郸地区一次登陆台风大暴雨过程观测分析   总被引：2，自引：8，他引：2  

张海霞  崔晓鹏  康凤琴  蔡守新 《高原气象》2007,26(5):980-991

受登陆台风"海棠"减弱后低压与东移锋面云系的共同影响,2005年7月21日夜间到23日早晨邯郸地区出现了大范围的暴雨天气。本文从天气形势、水汽输送特征、云系演变特征和大气不稳定条件等方面进行分析,探讨了这次登陆台风暴雨天气的成因。结果表明,台风低压、稳定少变的副热带高压以及500 hPa低槽相互作用,共同造成了这次暴雨天气过程,高纬弱冷空气南下,与台风携带的暖湿空气相遇,加之太行山地形的影响,造成暖湿空气抬升,使得冀南地区产生中尺度对流云团,进而发生强降水。地面自动站以及加密站风场资料分析指出,低空偏北风与偏东风之间的中尺度辐合线对暴雨发生有重要作用,其出现的时间和位置决定了中尺度暴雨天气的发生时间和位置。在水汽输送方面,西部山区的暴雨区水汽主要来源于南海和东海,而东部平原地区的大暴雨,其水汽主要来源于南海。简单的层结分析表明,暴雨区上空存在对流不稳定和对称不稳定共存的现象,两者共同为系统发展和暴雨发生提供了不稳定条件。  相似文献   

Acoustic study of the Rio de la Plata estuarine front   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Cabreira  A.G.; Madirolas  A.; Alvarez Colombo  G.; Acha  E.M.; Mianzan  H.W. 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》2006,63(9):1718-1725

  相似文献   

Trace metal fronts in Scottish coastal waters     

P. W. Balls 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》1985,20(6):717-728

Dissolved cadmium and copper concentrations have been determined in 76 surface water samples in coastal and ocean waters around Scotland by anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV). A trace metal/salinity ‘front’ is observed to the west, north and north-east of Scotland separating high salinity ocean water (>35 × 10⁻³) with low concentrations of dissolved Cd and Cu from lower salinity (<35 × 10⁻³) coastal water containing higher concentrations of Cd and Cu. Mean Cd concentrations in ocean and coastal waters are 7 ng dm⁻³ (0·06 n ) and 11 ng dm⁻³ (0·10 n ) respectively; for Cu the respective levels are 60 ng dm⁻³ (0·95 n ) and 170 ng dm⁻³ (2·68 n ). The observed distribution is attributed principally to freshwater runoff and the advection of contaminated Irish Sea water into the study area.  相似文献   

Spring phytoplankton bloom in the fronts of the East China Sea   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

SeungHyun Son  Sinjae Yoo  Jae-Hoon Noh 《Ocean Science Journal》2006,41(3):181-189

Frontal areas between warm and saline waters of the Kuroshio currents and colder and diluted waters of the East China Sea (ECS) influenced by the Changjiang River were identified from the satellite thermal imagery and hydrological data obtained from the Coastal Ocean Process Experiment (COPEX) cruise during the period between March 1^st and 10^th, 1997. High chlorophyll concentrations appeared in the fronts of the East China Seas with the highest chlorophyll-a concentration in the southwestern area of Jeju Island (~2.9 mg/m³) and the eastern area of the Changjiang River Mouth (~2.8 mg/m³). Vertical structures of temperature, salinity and density were similar, showing the fronts between ECS and Kuroshio waters. The water column was well mixed in the shelf waters and was stratified around the fronts. It is inferred that the optimal condition for light utilization and nutrients induced both from the coastal and deep waters enhances the high phytoplankton productivity in the fronts of the ECS. In addition, the high chlorophyll-a in the fronts seems to have been associated with the water column stability as well.  相似文献   

渤海的潮混合特征及潮汐锋现象   总被引：9，自引：3，他引：9  

赵保仁  曹德明  李徽翡  王其茂 《海洋学报》2001,23(4):113-118

人们对黄海的潮汐锋现象已有一些报道和研究[1～4],但对渤海的潮汐锋现象却没有进行过认真的分析和讨论,迄今只有赵保仁[1]在讨论黄海的潮汐锋时,指出过渤海海峡的潮汐锋现象;而黄大吉等[5]在数值计算渤海的温度变化时也指出在渤海内部存在着潮汐锋现象,但却没有进行深入的分析和给出任何实测证据.本文试图根据方国洪和曹德明最近在渤海取得的潮汐潮流数值计算结果1),计算由Simpson等[6]提出的陆架海的潮混合层化参量,来讨论渤海的潮混合特征;并进一步利用实测水文资料和海面温度的卫星遥感图像来说明渤海潮汐锋的分布和变化特征.  相似文献   

Upper-ocean hydrodynamics along meridional sections in the southwest Indian sector of the Southern Ocean during austral summer 2007     

Alvarinho J. Luis  M. Sudhakar 《Polar Science》2009,3(1):13-30

This paper addresses analysis of surface meteorological and hydrographic data collected along the transects Durban–India Bay, Antarctica (Track-1) and Prydz Bay–Mauritius (Track-2) during February–March 2007 as part of the International Polar Year project (IPY#70). Strong winds (>12 m s⁻¹) resulted in enhanced turbulent heat loss north of 45°S. Whereas a highly stable marine atmospheric boundary layer (MABL) and strong winds facilitated the release of latent heat of condensation along Track-1, a highly unstable MABL and strong winds resulted in large turbulent heat loss from the sea surface along Track-2, in the 40–45°S belt. The northern and southern branches of Subantarctic Front on both tracks coalesce, while the Agulhas Retroflection Front (AF) and South Subtropical Front (SSTF) merge between 43° and 44°S on Track-2. The southern branch of the Polar Front (PF2) meanders 550 km southward towards the east. The Subtropical Surface Water, Central Water, and Mode Water are located north of 43.5°S, while the Subantarctic Surface Water, Antarctic Surface Water, Antarctic Intermediate Water, and Circumpolar Deep Water are encountered in the region of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC). Baroclinic transport relative to 1000 db reveals that the ACC is enhanced by 10 × 10⁶ m³ s⁻¹ eastward, and a four-fold increase in transport occurs south of the ACC. Nearly 50% of the ACC transport occurs in the 100–500 m slab. We discuss the effects of the feedback of AC and hydrological fronts on the MABL.  相似文献   

台风过境对黄海冷水团及其环流结构的影响     

孙凡  于非  司广成  王建丰  唐瑛 《海洋与湖沼》2021,52(5):1125-1136

台风能够对黄海的水文结构及人民群众的生产生活产生重要的影响,严重威胁了人们的生命财产安全。利用ROMS(regional ocean modeling system)模式,分析了台风"灿鸿"在过境黄海期间对黄海温度及环流结构的影响过程。结果表明,台风期间强烈的风致混合能够使温跃层的深度增大,强度减弱,同时,使得近岸的底层温度迅速升高,推动底层的温度锋面向黄海内区移动。台风过境也会对黄海冷水团环流产生重要的影响,台风过境前,混合层中的北向流会迅速加深增强,同时伴随着混合层及温跃层的下移,从而使得黄海冷水团环流的流核下移至跃层以下。当台风过境时,黄海上空的气旋式风场会加剧黄海上层的气旋式环流,导致黄海冷水团环流的流幅及流量迅速增加。当台风登陆后,黄海上层的温度及黄海冷水团环流的结构开始逐渐恢复。  相似文献