Use of the recession characteristics of snowmelt hydrographs in the assessment of snow water storage in a basin     

Pratap Singh  H. Huebl  H. W. Weinmeister 《水文研究》2000,14(1):91-101

For a better management of water resources, the information on water stored in a basin in the form of snow is of immense use. Changes in the snow water storage with time influence the recession characteristics of the hydrographs. Recession is found to be slower in a basin when it contains higher snow water storage and becomes faster as the volume of stored water reduces. In other words, the recession coefficient is not constant throughout the melt season, it changes with time. In the present study, the possibility of assessing snow water storage at any time during the melt season using recession coefficients is examined. The hydrograph analyses have been made for the Glatzbach watershed in the Hohe Tauern region of the Austrian Alps. For this purpose, a relationship between snow water storage and the recession coefficients is developed. This study suggests a simple and useful approach to assess the snow water storage in a basin at any time during the snowmelt season. The information on the snow water storage of a basin can be obtained using a readily derived single parameter, the recession coefficient. The results are based on limited data, but they are sufficient to illustrate how the changes in snow water storage control the recession characteristics of the hydrographs. These investigations set the pace for further research in this area. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

沧州市土壤墒情变化规律研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

哈建强  祝明  朱艳飞 《水文》2017,37(6):74-79

依据沧州市捷地旱情试验站2003~2014年监测资料,深入分析了沧州地区土壤墒情特点,研究了捷地试验站所代表区域(滨海平原区)的土壤墒情变化规律。采用实际观测资料,分析计算土壤消退系数K值,并求出逐月平均K值,建立退墒预报方案。构建P-θ_0-△θ组合图,即建立降雨量、雨前土壤含水率、雨后增墒的相关关系,由此分析得到土壤墒情增加的相关公式,进而可以较为准确地对未来墒情增加进行预报。通过2015年实测资料验证,比较增退墒方案以及经全面评定,其精度可以满足本地区墒情预报的要求。该成果对合理利用水资源,合理指导农作生产,促进水资源可持续发展,具有重要的现实意义。  相似文献   

中国近海营养盐结构失衡与磷消耗问题及其生态环境效应的研究进展          下载免费PDF全文

冉祥滨  韦钦胜  于志刚 《海洋科学》2023,47(8):75-89

近海的生态环境问题态势严峻。在机制上，普遍认为富营养化是导致近海环境恶化的主导因子，但实际上，营养盐的结构失衡对近海生态环境问题的产生可能起到了更重要的作用。目前关于营养盐结构失衡的主导因素和机制尚缺乏全面系统的研究。本文基于对已有数据和文献资料的整合分析发现，由于存在强烈的人类活动影响，中国近海营养盐结构失衡问题较过去更为突出，且可能引发潜在“磷消耗”问题，其影响在某种程度上较传统意义上的磷限制要强，并进而产生深远的生态环境效应。据此提出，今后相关的研究应该特别关注河流流域-近海环境变化和它们之间的内在关联，阐明控制近海营养盐浓度、形态、分布和结构的关键生物地球化学过程，量化近海氮与磷的滞留机制与效率，揭示浮游植物群落结构变化与营养盐结构失衡和磷消耗的耦合关系及其生态效应等，最终制定中国入海河流与近海氮磷协同控制的适应性管理措施。  相似文献