北太平洋海面异常风场的时空分布特征与海气热量交换     

王志联  许乃猷  徐启春 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1995,(1)

用北太平洋（含赤道太平洋区）１９４９～１９７９年的ＣＯＡＤＳ资料，通过矢量ＥＯＦ分解得到北太平洋异常风场的分布型及其时间变化规律。分析表明，ＥＯＦ１～５场与大气活动中心、海洋相互作用有联系，具有明显的天气学意义。此外，还讨论了ＥＯＦ异常风场间的转换及其季节性差异。  相似文献   

黄河三角洲地貌环境体系   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

崔承琦  李学伦  印萍 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1994,(Z3)

黄河三角洲是由三角洲上部冲积平原一下部冲积海积平原（超潮滩）─周边潮滩三个区带的地貌系列构成．它们之间形成三条地貌环境岸线，是一个复杂而统一的陆上─潮滩堆积地貌体系．该体系研究对三角洲发育．环境及其开发利用有一定理论和实践意义．  相似文献   

南黄海陆架沉积学研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

申顺喜 《海洋科学》1993,17(5):24-28

黄海中部、济州岛西南,存在厚层的泥质沉积,它们分别与上述地区的冷涡活动区相对应。在两个泥质沉积区之间又出现连接它们的通道,形成别有特征的“冷涡-通道”沉积体系。经分析发现,这个沉积体系,完全受控于黄海暖流、冷涡及其相关的环流体系。此外,在黄海西南部及东海北部海底发现大面积砂岩及其砾石,揭示了黄、东海陆架沉积物的新源地。  相似文献   

大深度触底指示器Pinger换能器及其声反射系统     

王清池  许肖梅  许鹭芬  黄锡明 《海洋科学》1997,21(6):61-63

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A Preliminary Study of Oceanic Bomb Radiocarbon Inventory in the North Pacific during the Last Two Decades     

Yutaka W. Watanabe  Tsuneo Ono  Koh Harada  Masao Fukasawa 《Journal of Oceanography》1999,55(6):705-716

Radiocarbon and total carbonate data were obtained near the 1973 GEOSECS stations in the North Pacific along 30°N and along 175°E between 1993 and 1994. In these stations, we estimated radiocarbon originating from atomic bomb tests using tritium, trichlorofluoromethane and silicate contents. The average penetration depth of bomb radiocarbon during the two decades has deepened from 900 m to 1300 m. Bomb radiocarbon inventories above the average value for the whole North Pacific were found widely in the western subtropical region around 30°N both in the 1970s and 1990s, and its area in the 1990s was broader than that in the 1970s. In most of the North Pacific, while the bomb radiocarbon has decreased above 25.4, the bomb radiocarbon flux below 25.4 was over 1 × 10¹² atom m^-2yr^-1 in the subtropical region around 30°N. In the tropical area south of 20°N, the bomb radiocarbon inventory below 25.4 increased from zero to over 10 × 10¹² atom m^-2 during the last three decades. These distributions suggest that the bomb radiocarbon removed from the surface is currently accumulated with bomb ¹⁴C flux of over 1 × 10¹² atom m^-2yr^-1 below 25.4 in the subtropical region, mainly by advection from the higher latitude, and that part of the accumulated bomb ¹⁴C gradually spread southward with about 30 years.  相似文献   

Management of the commons for biodiversity: lessons from the North Pacific   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Jerry McBeath   《Marine Policy》2004,28(6):580

The North Pacific has the world's largest groundfish fisheries, with a value in excess of $1 billion annually. The North Pacific also is home to the largest population of Steller sea lions (SSL), an ancient species that is now endangered. Decline of the western stock of SSL in the 1970–1990s coincided with the US nationalization and exponential growth in the Gulf of Alaska and Bering Sea/Aleutian Islands groundfish fishery.The article treats five aspects of the competition between the fishery and protection of the endangered species. First, we analyze competition of interests in the use, management, and preservation of the North Pacific commons, including offshore and near-shore fisheries, environmental organizations, governments (federal, state, and local), and the scientific community. Second, the article compares and contrasts provisions of the National Environmental Policy Act, the Marine Mammal Protection Act, the Endangered Species Act, and the Magnuson–Stevens Act (as amended in 1996 by the Sustainable Fisheries Act).Third, we examine the regulatory environment with a focus on the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) and its relationship to the North Pacific Fishery Management Council. We illustrate how NMFS establishes fishery management plans and the methods, such as crafting biological opinions and environmental-impact-statements, it uses to resolve conflicts. Fourth, we investigate how the dual pressures on the agency—to increase fisheries production for the benefit of the industry and to preserve endangered marine species—have affected its culture (behavioral norms and operational codes). Then, the article explains agency changes in terms of crises, competition among affected interests, and development of new scientific knowledge.The article concludes by drawing lessons from the SSL controversy in the North Pacific which may pertain to national and global biodiversity conflicts. These concern the role of law in biodiversity protection, the role of science, and agency capacity for change.  相似文献   

郯庐断裂带及其周缘中新生代盆地发育特征   总被引：19，自引：2，他引：19  

胡望水  吕炳全  官大勇  张文军  冷军  毛治国  袁晓满 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2003,23(4):51-58

郯庐断裂带作为中国东部滨太平洋地区一条巨型走滑构造带，对其周缘中、新生代盆地的发育、演化起着重要的控制作用。随着太平洋板块俯冲方向从NNW向NW到NWW的变化，郯庐断裂带的活动方式逐步从中生代左行走滑-左行斜向滑动过渡到早第三纪以左行斜向-倾向滑动，晚第三纪-第四纪转为倾滑-右行斜向滑动-右行走滑。走滑活动经历了一个循序渐进的周期演变过程。随着郯庐断裂活动方式的演变，其周缘中、新生代盆地的发育逐渐向北迁移，其中南段周缘盆地主要为中生代盆地，中段周缘盆地主要为中、新生代叠加盆地，中北段周缘盆地主要为早第三纪盆地。每个盆地都经历了拉分(伸展)裂陷到挤压反转的演化过程。此外，在同一时期、同一区域剪切应力场作用下，不同区段因其走向变化导致局部应力场变化，在增压弯曲部位发生会聚、挤压、隆升；而释压拉张部位发生离散、伸展、沉降，从而盆地发育。  相似文献   

基于矢量信号处理的水声定位系统   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2  

宋新见殷冬梅  惠俊英 《海洋工程》2003,21(3):110-114

将传统的水声定位系统与矢量水听器相结合，设计了一种全新的轻便型长基线被动水声定位系统。介绍了系统的组成和工作原理，并结合近年来出现的矢量信号处理技术，设计了新的实时信号处理软件。经湖试和海试，系统的可行性得到了初步的验证。  相似文献   

中国多金属结核开辟区间隙水中铜、锰、镍的分布规律   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

倪建宇  GRUPEBern  MAGGIULLIMichael  周怀阳 《海洋学报》2003,25(2):42-47

通过对东北太平洋海域中国多金属结核开辟区沉积物间隙水中铜、锰、镍等微量元素的详细研究表明,锰主要受沉积环境的影响,其含量的变化范围在0.16～8.61μg/dm3之间;铜和镍则主要与表层海水的初级生产力有关,研究区内间隙水中铜和镍含量的变化范围分别为0.16～20.8和0.80～3.12μg/dm3,且这些元素在沉积物—水界面处均存在最大浓度梯度.利用“Fick扩散定律”计算表明,锰在研究区主要是从上覆海水向沉积物扩散,是沉积物中锰的主要来源之一;而铜和镍则是从沉积物向上覆海水扩散,是底层海水中铜和镍的主要来源。与表层海水中铜和镍向底层海水的输送通量计算结果相比,底层海水中铜和镍的含量主要受沉积物的控制.  相似文献   

对称式布置锚链系统的线性化处理   总被引：6，自引：2，他引：6  

陈徐均  沈庆等 《海洋工程》2002,20(1):75-79

用悬链线方程求解了不同锚链状态的锚链力 ,并用多项式回归了锚链力与锚固点位移的关系 ,由此求得锚链恢复力刚度系数。分析了对称式布置锚链系统的非线性程度 ,阐述对称式布置锚链系统所提供的恢复力作线性化处理的可行性及方法 ,并给出了对称布置锚链系统的线性刚度矩阵。为各类受对称式布置锚链系统约束的浮动结构物的动力分析提供了理论依据  相似文献