汶川地震前地脉动信号的单台法研究   总被引：5，自引：3，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

夏英杰  倪四道  曾祥方 《地球物理学报》2011,54(10):2590-2596

汶川地震前,我国及周边地区地震台站记录的地脉动信号显著增强,对这段时期内的地脉动信号进行频谱分析发现,它们的能量主要集中在0.20Hz附近.通过单台法对该频段信号进行定向,发现多个大陆和海岛台站记录的地脉动信号来源方向均指向我国东部海域,且方向变化与同期的威马逊台风路径保持很好的一致性.结合已有的地脉动信号强度随与台风...  相似文献   

Multi‐hazard upgrade decision making for critical infrastructure based on life‐cycle cost criteria     

F. Jalayer  D. Asprone  A. Prota  G. Manfredi 《地震工程与结构动力学》2011,40(10):1163-1179

The life‐cycle cost can be regarded as a benchmark variable in decision making problems involving the retrofit and upgrading of existing structures. A critical infrastructure is often subjected to more than one hazard during its lifetime. Therefore, the problem of evaluating the life‐cycle cost involves uncertainties in both loading and structural modeling parameters. The present study is a preliminary study aiming to calculate the expected life‐cycle cost for a critical infrastructure subjected to more than one hazard in its service lifetime. A methodology is presented that takes into account both the uncertainty in the occurrence of future events due to different types of hazard and also the deterioration of the structure as a result of a series of events. In order to satisfy life safety conditions, the probability of exceeding the limit state of collapse is constrained to be smaller than an allowable threshold. Finally, the methodology is implemented in an illustrative numerical example which considers a structure subjected to both seismic hazard and blast hazard in both upgraded and non‐upgraded configurations. It is demonstrated how expected life‐cycle cost can be used as a criterion to distinguish between the two choices while satisfying the life safety constraint. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

A circular statistical method for extracting rotation measures     

S. Sarala  Pankaj Jain 《Journal of Astrophysics and Astronomy》2002,23(1-2):137-141

We propose a new method for the extraction of Rotation Measures from spectral polarization data. The method is based on maximum likelihood analysis and takes into account the circular nature of the polarization data. The method is unbiased and statistically more efficient than the standard χ² procedure.  相似文献   

The Cosmic Foreground Explorer (COFE): A balloon-borne microwave polarimeter to characterize polarized foregrounds     

Rodrigo Leonardi  Brian Williams  Marco Bersanelli  Ivan Ferreira  Philip M. Lubin  Peter R. Meinhold  Hugh O&#x;Neill  Nathan C. Stebor  Fabrizio Villa  Thyrso Villela  Carlos A. Wuensche 《New Astronomy Reviews》2006,50(11-12):977

The COsmic Foreground Explorer (COFE) is a balloon-borne microwave polarimeter designed to measure the low-frequency and low-ℓ characteristics of dominant diffuse polarized foregrounds. Short duration balloon flights from the Northern and Southern Hemispheres will allow the telescope to cover up to 80% of the sky with an expected sensitivity per pixel better than 100 μK/deg² from 10 GHz to 20 GHz. This is an important effort toward characterizing the polarized foregrounds for future CMB experiments, in particular the ones that aim to detect primordial gravity wave signatures in the CMB polarization angular power spectrum.  相似文献   

2006年3月29日日全食白光日冕偏振测量     

徐稚  张蜀新 《天文研究与技术》2006,3(4):408-413

报告了在埃及赛路姆观测到的2006年3月29日日全食白光偏振测量的基本结果.我们使用的是一架便携式反射望远镜,焦距为640mm(F/D=8).在物镜前方安置可旋转线偏振片,每次旋转角度45°,终端为尼康数码相机.观测过程中,改变曝光时间并旋转偏振片,总共获取20张数码照片.文中讨论并呈现了介于 1.3 R⊙＜r ＜3.0 R⊙范围内的白光偏振方向和偏振度的大小分布.  相似文献   

Site evaluation and RFI spectrum measurements in Portugal at the frequency range 0.408–10 GHz for a GEM polarized galactic radio emission experiment     

Rui Fonseca  Domingos Barbosa  Luis Cupido  Ana Mouro  Dinis M. dos Santos  George F. Smoot  Camilo Tello 《New Astronomy》2006,11(8):551-556

We probed for radio frequency interference (RFI) at three potential galactic emission mapping experiment (GEM) sites in Portugal using custom made omnidirectional disconic antennas and directional pyramidal horn antennas. For the installation of a 10-m dish dedicated to the mapping of polarized galactic emission foreground planned for 2005–2007 in the 5–10 GHz band, the three sites chosen as suitable to host the antenna were surveyed for local radio pollution in the frequency range 0.01–10 GHz. Tests were done to look for radio broadcasting and mobile phone emission lines in the radio spectrum. The results show one of the sites to be almost entirely RFI clean and showing good conditions to host the experiment.  相似文献   

PAPPA: Primordial anisotropy polarization pathfinder array     

A. Kogut  D.T. Chuss  D. Fixsen  G.F. Hinshaw  M. Limon  S.H. Moseley  N. Phillips  E. Sharp  E.J. Wollack  K. U-Yen  N. Cao  T. Stevenson  W. Hsieh  M. Devlin  S. Dicker  C. Semisch  K. Irwin 《New Astronomy Reviews》2006,50(11-12):1009

The primordial anisotropy polarization pathfinder array (PAPPA) is a balloon-based instrument to measure the polarization of the cosmic microwave background and search for the signal from gravity waves excited during an inflationary epoch in the early universe. PAPPA will survey a 20° × 20° patch at the North Celestial Pole using 32 pixels in 3 passbands centered at 89, 212, and 302 GHz. Each pixel uses MEMS switches in a superconducting microstrip transmission line to combine the phase modulation techniques used in radio astronomy with the sensitivity of transition-edge superconducting bolometers. Each switched circuit modulates the incident polarization on a single detector, allowing nearly instantaneous characterization of the Stokes I, Q, and U parameters. We describe the instrument design and status.  相似文献   

Interferometric polarimetry of the cosmic microwave background: Methodology     

S.T. Myers  J.L. Sievers  J.R. Bond  C.R. Contaldi  B.S. Mason  T.J. Pearson  A.C.S. Readhead 《New Astronomy Reviews》2006,50(11-12):951

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2013年芦山MS7.0地震震源区背景噪声源特征分析     

刘艺璇  周元泽 《中国地震》2022,38(4):721-736

应用背景噪声互相关信息研究强震前后地下介质波速变化时,噪声源的方位性特征会影响互相关函数形态,从而对波速变化有效估计造成影响。本文使用2013年芦山M_S7.0地震震源区附近的天全台(TQU)2013年全年的连续波形记录,计算其垂直分量的噪声功率谱概率密度函数,分析背景噪声源能量强度特征;并通过频域极化法计算噪声源极化率以及极化方位角的概率密度函数,研究噪声源的极性特征。结果表明,研究区小于0.05Hz的长周期噪声源种类较多,且具有噪声能量强度和极化程度较高、极化方位性明显的特点;第一类地脉动(0.05～0.1Hz)极化方位角为30°和210°,噪声能量较低;第二类地脉动(0.1～0.5Hz)极化方位角分布在150°～210°,噪声能量较高,且其能量强度具有季节性变化特征;大于1Hz的高频噪声主要来自人类活动,噪声能量水平受人类活动强弱影响明显。因此,即使在远离海洋的大陆地区,在利用背景噪声监测局部波速变化时,应注意噪声强度以及噪声源方向性变化的影响。  相似文献   

西部地区的经济发展模式与碳排放量增长关系的实证研究     

焦兵  杨凤明 《资源与生态学报(英文版)》2013,(1):56-62

随着“西部大开发”战略的深入实施,西部地区已经成为我国经济发展最快的区域,然而西部经济的快速增长已经造成了碳排放量的犬幅增加,严重影响了我国节能减排目标的实现。为了有效地控制西部地区碳排放量的急速增加,我们必须全面分析引致西部碳排放量增加的主要因素。本文在已有研究的基础上,从西部地区产业转型和消费升级的视角出发,利用1991—2009年的省际面板数据对西部地区的经济发展模式与碳排放量增长之间的相关关系及其传导机制进行了实证检验。检验结果表明：自进入上世纪90年代以来,西部地区的经济发展与碳排放量增长之间存在显著的正相关关系,而且在西部大开发战略实施以后,这种关系更加显著。同时,检验还发现西部地区的消费升级和产业转型对碳排放量增加产生重要影响,其中三次产业间结构变动的影响系数达到16．4,二次产业内部采掘业和重工业比重上升的影响系数达到14．3,人均居住支出和人均交通支出的影响系数也分别达到5．6和6．5,而传统的人口规模、收入规模则对西部地区碳排放量的影响微弱。影响系数仅为0．73和0．86。因此在制定西部地区“十二五”节能减排战略时,需要更多的从消费升级和产业转型的视角出发。  相似文献