“多规合一”信息平台架构设计——以南京市为例   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

孙玉婷  吴掠桅  秦萧 《测绘通报》2017,(12):117-121

"多规合一"是党和国家近年来积极推进的改革措施,是推进城市治理体系和治理能力现代化的有力抓手。"多规合一"信息平台是科学开展"多规合一"工作,促进部门规划数据共享共建、加强各规划编制过程衔接的重要技术支撑。在当今智慧城市建设如火如荼,"天地图""互联网+政务服务"等政府改革措施大力推进的背景下,"多规合一"信息平台应当如何构建,如何有效衔接既有智慧城市成果,是一项需要综合考虑的问题。本文以南京市为例,在深入梳理国内典型城市"多规合一"信息平台建设经验的基础上,从数据架构、业务架构、应用架构、技术架构4个方面全面开展"多规合一"信息平台架构设计,以期为后续其他城市信息平台的建设实施提供指导。  相似文献   

特长钢箱梁桥GPS监测数据的奇异谱分析     

汤同旭  岳东杰 《测绘工程》2017,26(8)

实时准确地监测和分析大型建筑物的变形对于大型建筑物的施工与运行是十分重要的。奇异谱分析(SSA)是一种与经验正交函数相关联的一种统计技术。文中采用奇异谱分析(SSA)的方法,结合功率谱峰值与原序列和RC1-2重建序列均方误差最小的方法确定最优潜入维数M,研究了特长钢箱梁桥索塔的变形趋势和震荡周期。小波分析技术也可以很好地描述时间序列的时频分布,但SSA重构后的结果比小波要平滑些,更能反映出时间序列的特征。结合苏通大桥北索塔监测序列表明,北索塔站的N,E,U方向上均存在明显的趋势和显著的变动周期,而且也含有较多的噪声信息。  相似文献   

公路资产数据库的设计与可视化研究     

曲冠晨  朱霞 《测绘与空间地理信息》2017,40(11)

公路资产包括基础设施及其附属设施等有形资产和相关的设备资源、人力调配等无形资产两部分。实现公路资产的数字化管理是数字交通、智慧交通的基础。本文以辽宁某县为实验区,研究提出了公路资产数据的分类体系及数据标准,基于地理信息系统(GIS)技术构建了公路资产数据库,实现了公路资产数据的可视化表达与管理,为该县公路的信息化管理奠定了坚实的地理空间数据基础,具有推广应用价值。  相似文献   

智慧城市与地理信息共享平台建设——一个需要高度重视的问题     

龚强 《测绘与空间地理信息》2017,(1)

目前,我国正处于城市人口剧增的城镇化加速发展时期,同时,也面对交通堵塞、环境污染、能源紧缺等来自各方面的挑战。那么,如何破解城市发展所带来的诸多难题,实现城市可持续发展呢?建设智慧城市已成为当今世界城市发展不可逆转的历史潮流。目前,我国已有154个城市提出建设智慧城市。然而,在智慧城市建设过程中出现了值得重视的问题,即一些城市对基础地理数据、空间信息以及基础地理信息共享平台的建设认识不明确,重视不够。搭建地理信息共享平台是智慧城市建设的基础,是城市转型发展、生态文明建设、新型城镇化和治理现代化的需求,是推进“互联网+”行动和促进电子政务协调发展等方面的要求。因此,必须按照先进性、现势性、完备性、实用性等原则搭建地理信息共享平台。  相似文献   

Applying VGI to collaborative research in the humanities: the case of ARTL@S     

Catherine Dossin  Nicole Ningning Kong 《制图学和地理信息科学》2017,44(6):521-538

ABSTRACT

Using Artl@s as an example of a project that relies on volunteered geographic information (VGI), this article examines the specific challenges that exist, beyond those frequently discussed in general VGI systems (e.g., participants’ motivation and data quality control) in regard to sharing research data in humanities: (1) most data from the humanities is qualitative and collected from multiple data sources which are often inconsistent and unmappable; (2) data is usually interconnected with multiple relationships among different tables which creates challenges for both mapping and query functionality; (3) data is both geographical and historical. Consequently addresses that no longer exist have to be geolocated and visualized on historical basemaps and spaces must be represented diachronically; (4) the design of web map application needs to balance both sophisticated research requirements and a user-friendly interface; (5) finally contributors expect their data to be cited or acknowledged when used in other studies and users need metadata and citation information in order to reuse and repurpose datasets.

In this article, we discuss how Artl@s, a project which developed a georeferenced historical database of exhibition catalogues, addresses these challenges. Artl@s provides a case study for VGI adoption by digital humanities scholars for research data sharing, as it offers features, such as flexible batch data contribution, interrelated spatial query, automatic geolocalization of historical addresses, and data citation mechanisms.  相似文献   

Modeling the environmental susceptibility of landfill sites in California     

Victor Fernandez Nascimento  Nazli Yesiller  Keith C Clarke  Jean Pierre Henry Balbaud Ometto  Pedro R. Andrade  Anahi Chimini Sobral 《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2017,54(5):657-677

??The proper management of solid waste (SW) is a global environmental challenge. A major issue is the proper disposal of SW while balancing a wide range of criteria and working with different spatial data. In this study, we used geographic information system as a tool to perform multi-criteria decision analysis with an analytical hierarchy process to develop an environmental impact susceptibility model (EISM) for landfills. The model was applied to the state of California, USA and results are presented herein. In particular, the EISM considers factors such as geology, pedology, geomorphology, water resources, and climate as represented by 13 associated environmental indicators. The results of the EISM indicate that more than 75% of California’s territory is situated in areas with very low, low, and medium environmental impact susceptibility categories. However, in the remaining 25% of the state’s land, 61 landfills are located in the high and very high categories. These results are alarming because during the period from 2000 to 2015, these 61 landfills received approximately 308 million tons of SW, which corresponds to more than 57% of all SW disposed in California. The model results can be used toward mitigating the environmental impacts of these facilities.  相似文献   

Automatic selection of weights for GIS-based multicriteria decision analysis: site selection of transmission towers as a case study     

《Applied geography (Sevenoaks, England)》2017

Transmission line (TL) siting consists of finding suitable land to build transmission towers. This is just one of the numerous complex geographical problems often solved using GIS-based multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA), which is a set of techniques that weight several geographical features to identify suitable locations. This technique is mostly employed using expert knowledge to identify the correct set of weights; thus adding a certain amount of subjectivity to the analysis, meaning that for the same problem if we change the experts involved, we may reach different results.This research is a first attempt to try and solve this issue. We employed a statistical analysis to quantitatively calculate these weights and we tested our method on a case study about transmission line siting in Switzerland. We compared the distances between each sample in our dataset, in this case study these are location of transmission towers, with each geographical feature, e.g. distance from water features. Then we calculate the same distances but for random points, sampled throughout the study area. The reasoning behind this method is that if samples present a distance from a geographic feature statistically different from the random, it means that the feature played an important role in dictating the location of the sample. In this case for instance, high-voltage transmission towers are purposely built as far away as possible from urban areas. Random points are on the contrary by definition sampled without any constraint. Therefore, when comparing the two datasets, we should find that transmission towers have a larger average distance from urban areas than random points. This allows us to determine that this criterion (i.e. distance from urban centers) is important for planning new TL.The results indicate that this method can successfully weight and rank the most important criteria to be considered for an MCDA analysis, in line with weights proposed in the literature. The advantage of the proposed technique is that it completely excludes human factors, thus potentially increasing the social acceptance of the MCDA results.  相似文献   

The Beach Crowding Index: A Tool for Assessing Social Carrying Capacity of Vulnerable Beaches     

David Serrano Giné  Joan Jurado Rota  María Yolanda Pérez Albert  Carla Bonfill Cerveró 《The Professional geographer》2018,70(3):412-422

The aim of this article is to introduce the Beach Crowding Index (BCI), a procedure to assess the social carrying capacity of vulnerable beaches. The study uses the people at one time (PAOT) approach and data gathered weekly throughout the bathing season regarding the number of beachgoers in 100 m² cells of the beach to assess how many beachgoers it can comfortably hold. The procedure is based on fieldwork, interviews with beachgoers, and geographic information system (GIS) analysis and has been tested on four beaches in protected areas on the Spanish Mediterranean coast. On a scale from 0 to 4, minimum scores throughout the bathing season are 0.7 and maximum 3.7, although results showed wide variation between the beaches, the section of the beach, and the time of day. This study suggests that determining the location of beachgoers and collecting a long-term series of data is fundamental to assessing social carrying capacity and that the BCI procedure can be used for a large number of applications.  相似文献   

Using Web Maps to Analyze the Construction of Global Scale Cognitive Maps     

Thomas J. Pingel 《The Journal of geography》2018,117(4):153-164

Game-based Web sites and applications are changing the ways in which students learn the world map. In this study, a Web map-based digital learning tool was used as a study aid for a university-level geography course in order to examine the way in which global scale cognitive maps are constructed. A network analysis revealed that clicks were negatively correlated with familiarity, but were positively correlated with area. More significantly, well-known countries did not act as central nodes within network-based mental models, but served a more complex mediating role in structuring the space between subregions.  相似文献   

地理信息技术支撑下的南海岛礁资源环境研究进展与展望     

李弘毅  刘永学  张思宇  孙超  孙佳琪 《地理科学进展》2018,37(11):1454-1462

面积辽阔的南海是中国未来重要的能源接续区与资源基地,也是涉及国家海洋权益最为集中的区域。本文针对地理信息技术支撑下的南海岛礁研究现状,从南海岛礁现有基础数据成果、遥感手段岛礁基础地理信息提取方法及提取成果所做的岛礁分析与评价3方面,系统地回顾了国内外涉及南海岛礁资源环境研究的相关进展,评述了现有研究技术方法存在的不足,并对未来的研究进行了展望,在此基础上,提出了3个主要方向作为未来研究的重点：①促进遥感数据获取多源化,构建海量多源、多尺度南海岛礁遥感数据仓库;②加强技术协同创新,结合地理信息技术的发展,提升岛礁信息提取与监测的准确性与可靠性;③提升遥感分析智能化,研究并建立综合分析与情势推演平台及战略决策辅助支撑系统,以期为南海岛礁的进一步深入研究提供参考。  相似文献