相对湿度作用下的石膏矿护顶层突变破坏机制分析     

夏开宗  陈从新  宋许根  刘秀敏  周意超 《岩土力学》2018,39(2):589-597

依据室内试验所得的石膏岩的基本力学性质随着大气中相对湿度变化的规律,并结合石膏矿采空区的破坏特征,将护顶层简化为铅直方向受均布荷载q作用的三铰拱分析模型,建立了相对湿度作用下的石膏矿采空区护顶层的尖点突变模型,研究了相对湿度作用下护顶层突发破坏的失稳机制。试验结果表明：石膏岩的力学性质在采空区中环境湿度的作用下,其强度和变形参数会大大降低。分析和工程计算结果表明：随着采空区中环境湿度的增加,支撑体系越不稳定,越容易跨越分叉集而发生突发失稳破坏;相空间的控制参数a随着采空区中环境湿度的增加,其代数值是逐渐增大的（绝对值减小,由负值向0变化）,而控制参数b逐渐增大,系统突发失稳控制参数（a,b）的变化路径为向东北方向变化,该路径是系统较为容易发生突发失稳的路径。  相似文献   

胶结充填体-顶板系统稳定性研究     

谢学斌  李建坤  董宪久  田听雨 《岩土力学》2018,39(11):4183-4190

在胶结充填采矿法中,胶结充填体弹性系数和其不接顶高度是空区顶板安全的重要影响因素。基于柔性支护原理,把顶板变形分为两个阶段：顶板在覆岩自重应力作用下产生挠曲变形;顶板与胶结充填体接触后共同承载顶板覆岩自重应力;并据此分别建立了力学模型。以广西盘龙铅锌矿为工程分析实例,研究在不同胶结充填体弹性系数和不接顶高度条件下顶板挠度的变化规律。结果表明：当胶结充填体弹性系数k≥0.1 GN/m3时,不接顶高度h是影响顶板挠度的主要因素,当胶结充填体弹性系数k较小时,弹性系数k是影响顶板挠度的主要因素;当k≥0.1 GN/m3且h≤300 mm时,胶结充填体能有效控制顶板岩层移动和降低储存在其中的应变能。现场勘探结果与理论计算基本吻合,验证了研究成果的可靠性。  相似文献   

基于量纲分析的缓倾斜空区顶板稳定性的影响规律研究     

姚囝  叶义成  王其虎  岳哲  罗斌玉 《岩土力学》2018,39(11):4232-4241

缓倾斜薄-中厚矿床开采过程中,影响空区顶板稳定性的因素较多,多因素影响条件下的影响规律较为复杂且难以定量化。针对以上问题,以上横山矿为研究对象,根据单因素试验数值模拟结果确定了缓倾斜空区顶板拉应力最大值 和沉降量最大值 的影响因素并分析了其影响特征,基于各影响因素的物理含义分别构建了 量纲模型和 量纲模型;在此基础上,设计了缓倾斜空区顶板稳定性影响因素的数值模拟均匀试验,根据试验结果定义了顶板 和 的无量纲函数关系式;选取了缓倾斜矿床空区顶板沉降的实例对 无量纲函数关系式进行了验证,验证结果与实测值基本吻合,平均误差为9.68%,具有较好的应用价值。该成果可为缓倾斜矿床采矿参数的选取、空区顶板的管理等提供参考。  相似文献   

采动覆岩中复合关键层的断裂跨距计算   总被引：16，自引：2，他引：14  

茅献彪  缪协兴  钱鸣高 《岩土力学》1999,20(2):1-4

基于采动覆岩中的关键层理论,深入分析了相邻坚硬岩层所产生的复合效应,并用有限单元法计算了复合关键层的断裂跨度  相似文献   

A Hybrid Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Model and ENSO Prediction Study     

Wu Aiming  Ni Yunqi 《大气科学进展》1999,16(3):405-418

A hybrid coupled ocean－tmosphere model is designed, which consists of a global AGCM and a simple anomaly ocean model in the tropical Pacific。 Retroactive experimental predictions in-itiated in each season from 1979 to 1994 are performed. Analyses indicate that: (1) The overall predictive capability of this model for SSTA over the central-eastern tropical Pacific can reach one year, and the error is not larger than 0.8?C. (2) The prediction skill depends greatly on the season when forecasts start. However, the phenomenon of SPB (spring prediction barrier) is not found in the model. (3) The ensemble forecast method can effectively improve prediction results. A new initialization scheme is discussed.  相似文献   

基于单台加速度记录的混合全局优化HVSR反演场地浅层速度结构   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

荣棉水  符力耘  李小军 《地球物理学报》2018,61(3):938-947

利用水平与竖向谱比（HVSR）方法反演场地速度结构是国际上迅速发展的研究领域.HVSR反演计算实质是一个土层场地模型空间搜索的全局优化问题,当模型搜索空间的复杂程度增大时,目前常用的搜索算法收敛速度慢,计算效率较低.本文实现了一种结合遗传和模拟退火方法优点的混合全局优化HVSR反演算法,通过理论模型和竖向台阵实测数据的检验,表明该算法能获得很好的反演效果,较好地解决了蒙特卡罗方法收敛速度慢,遗传算法收敛早熟和模拟退火算法搜索效率低的问题.本文在此基础上讨论了单台加速度S波记录用于场地速度结构HVSR反演的适用性,为基于单个地震台的地震观测记录反演浅层速度结构提供了一种高效且较为准确的反演方法.  相似文献   

Three-dimensional inversion of full magnetic gradient tensor data based on hybrid regularization method     

Shuangxi Ji  Huai Zhang  Yanfei Wang  Liangliang Rong  Yaolin Shi  Yongshun Chen 《Geophysical Prospecting》2019,67(1):226-261

Rapid developments in SQUID-based technology make it possible for geophysical exploration to direct measure, inverse and interpret magnetic gradient tensor data. This contribution introduces a novel three-dimensional hybrid regularization method for inversion of magnetic gradient tensor data, which is based on the minimum support functional and total variation functional. Compared to the existing stabilizers, for example, the minimum support stabilizer, the minimum gradient support stabilizer or the total variation stabilizer, our proposed hybrid stabilizer, in association with boundary penalization, improves the revision result greatly, including higher spatial and depth resolution, more clear boundaries, more highlighted images and more evident structure depiction. Moreover, suitable selection of model parameter λ will further improve the image quality of the recovered model. We verify our proposed hybrid method with various synthetic magnetic models. Experiment results prove that this method gives more accurate results, exhibiting advantages of less computational costs even when less prior information of magnetic sources are provided. Comparison of results with different types of magnetic data with and without remanence indicates that our inversion algorithm can obtain more detailed information on the source structure based on rational estimation of total magnetization direction. Finally, we present a case study for inverting SQUID-based magnetic tensor data acquired at Da Hinggan Mountains area, inner Mongolia, China. The result also certifies that the method is reliable and efficient for real cases.  相似文献   

Target-oriented imaging using extended image volumes: a low-rank factorization approach     

Rajiv Kumar  Marie Graff  Ivan Vasconcelos  Felix J. Herrmann 《Geophysical Prospecting》2019,67(5):1312-1328

Imaging in geological challenging environments has led to new developments, including the idea of generating reflection responses by means of interferometric redatuming at a given target datum in the subsurface, when the target datum lies beneath a complex overburden. One way to perform this redatuming is via conventional model-based wave-equation techniques. But those techniques can be computationally expensive for large-scale seismic problems since the number of wave-equation solves is equal to two times the number of sources involved during seismic data acquisition. Also conventional shot-profile techniques require lots of memory to save full subsurface extended image volumes. Therefore, we can only form subsurface image volumes in either horizontal or vertical directions. To exploit the information hidden in full subsurface extended image volumes, we now present a randomized singular value decomposition-based approach built upon the matrix probing scheme, which takes advantage of the algebraic structure of the extended imaging system. This low-rank representation enables us to overcome both the computational cost associated with the number of wave-equation solutions and memory usage due to explicit storage of full subsurface extended image volumes employed by conventional migration methods. Experimental results on complex geological models demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed methodology and allow practical reflection-based extended imaging for large-scale five-dimensional seismic data.  相似文献   

Seismic vulnerability of roof systems combining URM gable walls and timber diaphragms     

Umberto Tomassetti  António A. Correia  Francesco Graziotti  Andrea Penna 《地震工程与结构动力学》2019,48(11):1297-1318

Typical low-rise masonry buildings consist of unreinforced masonry (URM) walls covered with various timber roof configurations generally supported or finished by masonry gables. Post-earthquake observations and experimental outcomes highlighted the large vulnerability of the URM gables to the development of overturning mechanisms, both because of the inertial out-of-plane excitation and the in-plane timber diaphragm deformability. This paper presents the static and dynamic experimental seismic performance of three full-scale roofs tested via quasi-static cyclic and shake table tests. Two of them were tested as part of a whole full scale one-storey and two-storey building. A single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) numerical model is calibrated against experimental data and proposed for the analysis of this roof typology's dynamic behaviour. Several sets of analyses were conducted to assess the vulnerability of these structural components and to study the effect of the whole building's characteristics (eg, number of storeys and structural stiffness and strength) on the seismic performance of this roof typology.  相似文献   

时空阵列混场源电磁法理论及模拟研究          下载免费PDF全文

周聪  汤井田  庞成  胡双贵 《地球物理学报》2019,62(10):3827-3842

针对电磁勘探中的混场源输入条件,提出了一种时空阵列混场源电磁勘探方法.假设输入端同时包含天然电磁场源和可控人工场源,输出端进行多站同步观测;基于多输入-多输出系统的分析方法,推导了混场源条件下的时空阵列方程组.提出了系统响应的求解策略,一次性获得所有同步测道对各个场源独立激励时的响应,并分别求取了大地电磁法及可控源电磁法的各种解释参数.在此理论基础上,设计了针对性的施工方案;可控人工场源的选择形式多样,其类型、数量、激励方式及布设位置等不受限制,所有场源的激励可同时进行,无需分步;测区内各测站的布设方式灵活,可根据需要布设单分量测道或多分量测道;同时在测区外布设张量远参考站.利用数值模拟方法,论证了方法的有效性,并与常规方法进行了对比.结果表明,本方法不仅可提高人工场响应的处理精度,还具有一次野外数据采集,可同时获得天然场及人工场电磁响应结果的突出特点,进而提高采集效率,压制噪声影响;本方法集合了天然场源电磁法和人工场源电磁法的优点,为实现不同类型频率域电磁测深方法数据的统一处理提供了思路.  相似文献