川北中三叠统沉积层序特征及陡坡封闭型镶边台地模式     

彭博  李国蓉  罗鹏  沈忠民  赵应权  姚尚胜 《海相油气地质》2012,(2):26-33

川北地区中三叠统层序地层学的对比研究表明,雷口坡组顶界面(T2/T1界面)和底界面(T3/T2界面)具有横向分异规律,由此识别出2个Ⅲ级层序,其上部SQ2层序普遍缺失高水位体系域。层序地层格架内的岩相古地理分析表明,该区中三叠世长期处于蒸发台地、局限台地环境,碳酸盐岩颗粒结构欠发育,可见少量藻屑颗粒灰岩和白云岩、细—中晶白云岩,缺少生物礁标志,藻席大量发育,白云石化作用强烈。识别出了工农镇剖面斜坡角砾,并对台地边缘位置进行了厘定。根据沉积及岩石学研究结果,得出了川北地区中三叠统典型的陡坡封闭型镶边台地模式。  相似文献   

桂林自动站与人工站相对湿度观测对比分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

赵丽英  许嘉玲 《气象研究与应用》2011,32(3):84-85

利用桂林站2004～2005年两年平行观测期间资料进行了差异分析,分析了引起差异的原因。分析结果表明：湿度的缺测率与年粗差率均在允许值范围,个别月份的粗差率〉2％、一致率〈80％、对比差值超出-2％,这将在一定程度上影响气候序列的均一性。  相似文献   

Coal facies in a Cenozoic paralic lignite bed, Krabi Basin, southern Thailand: Changing peat-forming conditions related to relative sea-level controlled watertable variations     

H.I. Petersen  B. Ratanasthien 《International Journal of Coal Geology》2011,87(1):2-12

The Cenozoic Krabi Basin in the southern part of peninsular Thailand contains about 112 million tons proven coal reserves. At present, coal is only produced from the Bang Mark mine located in the southern part of the basin, where the main lignite bed is 7-20 m thick. The lignite bed occurs in an overall paralic succession. The present paper investigates the depositional conditions of an approximately 8 m thick lignite bed (main seam) in the Bang Mark mine using organic petrography, including maceral ratios, and geochemistry. The results are further interpreted in a sequence stratigraphic context. The lignite is of low rank and is completely dominated by huminite indicating generally oxygen-deficient conditions in the precursor mire. Very low inertinite contents suggest rare occurrences of wildfires. The lower part of the lignite bed represents a topogenous fresh water peat mire with open water areas that in few cases may have experienced influx of saline water. The peat mire was subjected to periodic inundations and deposition of siliciclastics. Tissue preservation was relatively poor. The upper part of the lignite bed represents a slightly domed fresh water ombrogenous peat mire with a stable watertable and a balance between peat accumulation and accommodation space creation that favoured preservation of plant tissues. In general, the mire vegetation changed from less woody in the topogenous mire to more arborescent in the ombrogenous mire, where plants with suberinised wood cell walls also were more frequent. Decompacted, the lignite bed corresponds to a minimum ~ 11 m thick peat deposit that records from ~ 22,000 to 55,000 years of peat accumulation. Watertable rise in the peat mire was controlled overall by relative sea-level rise. In a sequence stratigraphic context, the lignite bed overlies a terrestrialisation surface (TeS; sensu Diessel, 2007) and the lowermost part records peat formation during a falling watertable and a decreasing accommodation/peat accumulation ratio (terrestrialisation). An accommodation reversal surface (ARS; sensu Diessel, 2007) indicates a change to paludification style of peat formation characterised by rising watertable and a high accommodation/peat accumulation ratio. Another ARS marks a gradual change to a situation with a balanced accommodation/peat accumulation ratio. The overall watertable rise throughout peat formation, but at a gradually slower rate from base to top, suggests that the lignite bed could be located in the late transgressive systems tract (TST).  相似文献   

和田地区二叠—下三叠统层序地层特征与沉积体系     

李秀国 《新疆地质》2011,29(2):183-188

据陆相层序地层学原理及野外露头层序地层学方法,对新疆和田地区桑株、杜瓦、皮牙曼、阿其克等剖面的二叠—下三叠统进行层序界面识别,建立了和田地区层序地层格架.研究表明,该区二叠—下三叠统共划分为5个Ⅲ级层序及12个体系域.研究区在不同时期共发育5种沉积体系类型,包括冲积扇体系、河流沉积体系、湖泊沉积体系、三角洲体系及扇三角洲体系,指出该区层序演化中有利的烃源层、储集层和盖层及组合.  相似文献   

3-D internal architecture of methane hydrate-bearing turbidite channels in the eastern Nankai Trough, Japan     

Satoshi Noguchi  Naoyuki Shimoda  Osamu Takano  Nobutaka Oikawa  Takao Inamori  Tatsuo Saeki  Tetsuya Fujii 《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2011,28(10):1817-1828

The reservoir architecture of methane hydrate (MH) bearing turbidite channels in the eastern Nankai Trough, offshore Japan is evaluated using a combination of 3-D seismic and well data. On the 3-D seismic section, the MH-bearing turbidite channels correspond to complex patterns of strong seismic reflectors, which show the 3-D internal architecture of the channel complex. A seismic-sequence stratigraphic analysis reveals that the channel complex can be roughly classified into three different stages of depositional sequence (upper, middle, and lower). Each depositional sequence results in a different depositional system that primarily controls the reservoir architecture of the turbidite channels. To construct a 3-D facies model, the stacking patterns of the turbidite channels are interpreted, and the reservoir heterogeneities of MH-bearing sediments are discussed. The identified channels at the upper sequence around the β1 well exhibit low-sinuosity channels consisting of various channel widths that range from tens to several hundreds of meters. Paleo-current flow directions of the turbidite channels are typically oriented along the north-northeast-to-south-southwest direction. High-amplitude patterns were identified above the channels along the north-to-south and north-northeast-to-south-southeast directions. These roughly coincide with the paleo-current flow of the turbidite channels. An interval velocity using high-density velocity analysis shows that velocity anomalies (>2000 m/s) are found on the northeastern side of the turbidite channels. The depositional stage of the northeastern side of the turbidite channels exhibits slightly older sediment stages than the depositional stages of the remaining channels. Hence, the velocity anomalies of the northeastern side of the channels are related to the different stages of sediment supply, and this may lead to the different reservoir architectures of the turbidite channels.  相似文献   

Structural controls on Quaternary deepwater sedimentation, mud diapirism, and hydrocarbon distribution within the actively evolving Columbus foreland basin, eastern offshore Trinidad     

Emilio Garciacaro  Alejandro Escalona  Paul Mann 《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2011,28(1):149-176

Eastward migration of the Caribbean plate relative to the South American plate has caused lithospheric loading along the northern margin of South America, which is recorded by an 1100-km-long foreland basin which is oldest in the west (Maracaibo basin, 65-55 Ma) and youngest in the east (Columbus basin, eastern offshore Trinidad, 15-0 Ma). The Orinoco River has been the primary source of sediment for the basin since early Miocene. We have integrated approximately 775 km of deep-penetration 2D seismic lines acquired in the area of eastern offshore Trinidad as part of the 2004 “Broadband Ocean-Land Investigations of Venezuela and the Antilles arc Region” (BOLIVAR) project, 8000 km² of shallow industry 3D seismic data, and published industry well data from offshore eastern Trinidad. Active mud diapirism in the Columbus basin is widespread and is related to overthrusting and tectono-sedimentary loading of upper Miocene-lower Pliocene age mud. Analysis of the shallow 3D seismic data reveals the presence of extensive gravity-flow depositional elements on the Columbus basin slope and the deepwater area. These stacked gravity-flow deposits are characterized by mass-transport deposits at the base, turbidite frontal-splay deposits, leveed-channel deposits, and capped by fine-grained condensed-section deposits. Exploration targets in the deepwater area are located towards the center of the Columbus basin, where northeast-trending fault-propagation folds are important Plio-Pleistocene trap-forming elements. Deep basin wells drilled in recent years have proven that turbidites were transported into the deepwater Columbus basin during the Plio-Pleistocene. Analysis of these well results suggests that a deeper oil charge is present within the deepwater Columbus basin area. The primary uncertainty for this variable hydrocarbon system is whether fault or diapiric pathways connect or divert the petroleum charge at depth with shallower reservoir rocks.  相似文献   

The transgressive infill of an inherited-valley system: The Springhill Formation (lower Cretaceous) in southern Austral Basin, Argentina     

E. Schwarz  G.D. VeigaL.A. Spalletti  J.L. Massaferro 《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2011,28(6):1218-1241

The Berriasian-Valanginian Springhill Formation of the Austral Basin of southern South America comprises fluvial to marine deposits. In order to interpret depositional systems and unravel the stratigraphic architecture of this unit in the southern region of the basin (Tierra del Fuego Province, Argentina), 500 m of cores combined with well-log data from 41 wells were studied. Facies associations corresponding to fluvial (A1-A6), estuarine (B1-B5) and open-marine (C1-C4) depositional environments were identified. These facies associations succeed each other vertically across the entire study area (6800 km²) forming a ∼120-m-thick transgressive succession. This unit filled a north-south-oriented valley system, developed in the underlying Jurassic volcanic complex.Lowstand fluvial deposits of the first stage of the valley-system fill occur in downdip segments of the system above a sequence boundary (SB). These fluvial deposits are overlain by coastal-plain and tide-dominated estuarine strata across an initial transgressive surface (ITS). In the northern sector the earliest valley infill is characterized by a transgressive fluvial succession, overlying a merged SB/ITS that is probably time-equivalent of marginal-marine deposits of the southern sector. The fluvial strata in the north are overlain by wave-dominated estuarine deposits. A drastic change to open-marine conditions is marked by a marine flooding surface, with local evidence of marine erosion (FS-RS). Open-marine strata are thin (<10 m) and dominated by lower-shoreface and offshore-transition deposits. They are capped by a younger flooding surface (FS), which represents the onset to offshore conditions across the study area due to a continuous long-term transgression that persisted until the Barremian.Although the interpreted depositional systems and stratigraphic architecture of the Springhill Formation resemble transgressive incised-valley-fill successions, the greater thickness and larger size of the Springhill valleys suggest inherited rift topography rather than valley development during a relative sea-level fall.  相似文献   

准噶尔盆地西北缘二叠系扇三角洲层序特征及砾岩油藏分布规律   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

贺正军  吴珍珍  阳孝法  巩长明 《地质科学》2013,(1):191-203

岩性地层油气藏是我国陆上油气勘探的重点领域之一,本文针对我国西部前陆盆地勘探程度相对较低的中深层陆相砾岩油藏,选取准噶尔盆地西北缘八区中-下二叠统作为研究对象,综合岩心观察、测井和三维地震资料的精细解释,在开展层序地层学和沉积相研究的基础上重点解剖典型的扇三角洲砾岩油藏,分析层序地层格架内砾岩油藏的分布特征,揭示出研究区具有一扇多藏的油藏分布规律。勘探开发实践表明,研究区砾岩油藏主要发育于水进体系域扇三角洲前缘水下分流河道储集体中,其次为高水位体系域中,以物性遮挡岩性油藏、物性封闭岩性油藏以及断裂-岩性复合油藏为特征。  相似文献   

Seismic sequence stratigraphy of Miocene deposits related to eustatic,tectonic and climatic events,Cap Bon Peninsula,northeastern Tunisia     

Ramzi Gharsalli  Taher Zouaghi  Mohamed Soussi  Riadh Chebbi  Sami Khomsi  Mourad Bédir 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2013,345(9-10):401-417

The Cap Bon Peninsula, belonging to northeastern Tunisia, is located in the Maghrebian Alpine foreland and in the North of the Pelagian block. By its paleoposition, during the Cenozoic, in the edge of the southern Tethyan margin, this peninsula constitutes a geological entity that fossilized the eustatic, tectonic and climatic interactions. Surface and subsurface study carried out in the Cap Bon onshore area and surrounding offshore of Hammamet interests the Miocene deposits from the Langhian-to-Messinian interval time. Related to the basin and the platform positions, sequence and seismic stratigraphy studies have been conducted to identify seven third-order seismic sequences in subsurface (SM1-SM7), six depositional sequences on the Zinnia-1 petroleum well (SDM1-SDM6), and five depositional sequences on the El Oudiane section of the Jebel Abderrahmane (SDM1–SDM5). Each sequence shows a succession of high-frequency systems tract and parasequences. These sequences are separated by remarkable sequence boundaries and maximum flooding surfaces (SB and MFS) that have been correlated to the eustatic cycles and supercycles of the Global Sea Level Chart of Haq et al. (1987). The sequences have been also correlated with Sequence Chronostratigraphic Chart of Hardenbol et al. (1998), related to European basins, allows us to arise some major differences in number and in size. The major discontinuities, which limit the sequences resulted from the interplay between tectonic and climatic phenomena. It thus appears very judicious to bring back these chronological surfaces to eustatic and/or local tectonic activity and global eustatic and climatic controls.  相似文献   

云南地区地震序列分类的定量讨论   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

蔡静观  王兴辉  雷素华  张喜玲 《高原地震》1996,(2)

本文通过对云南地区１９６５提以来１１６次大小地震序列的清理和归纳，引入了地震序列分类的时空强定量尺度，提出；表明震源区进人失稳状态的前震序列主要发生在主震前１０天，前震序列的最大震级５．５级；震群型地震序列在时间、地点上的确定应与震级有关，在时间上以同在地震孕期内为宜，７、６、５级分别不超过１年、半年、３个月，在地点上以同在地震孕震区内为２，７、６、５级分别不超过１００、５０、３０公里，震级上以小子等于０．５级为宜；主余震地震序列和孤立型地震序列的最大震级差分别是２．９级和３．３级  相似文献