Kyanite-paragonite-bearing assemblages, northern Fiordland, New Zealand: rapid cooling of the lower crustal root to a Cretaceous magmatic arc   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

N. R. Daczko  G. L. Clarke  K. A. Klepeis 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》2002,20(9):887-902

Fiordland, New Zealand exposes the lower crustal root of an Early Cretaceous magmatic arc that now forms one of Earth's most extensive high‐P granulite facies belts. The Arthur River Complex, a dioritic to gabbroic suite in northern Fiordland, is part of the root of the arc, and records an Early Cretaceous history of emplacement, tectonic burial, and high‐P granulite facies metamorphism that accompanied partial melting of the crust. Late random intergrowths of kyanite, quartz and plagioclase partially pseudomorph minerals in the earlier high‐T assemblages of the Arthur River Complex, indicating high‐P cooling of an over thickened crustal root by c. 200 °C. The kyanite intergrowths are themselves partially pseudomorphed by paragonite, commonly in the presence of phengitic white mica. Biotite–plagioclase intergrowths that partially pseudomorph phengitic white mica and diopside–plagioclase intergrowths that partially pseudomorph jadeitic diopside, combined with published thermochronology results, are consistent with later rapid decompression. A short duration anticlockwise P–T path may be explained by the high‐P juxtaposition of comparatively cool upper crustal rocks following their tectonic burial and under thrusting during the waning stages of Early Cretaceous orogenesis. This was then followed by the decompression giving the rapid exhumation within 20 Myr of peak metamorphism, as suggested by the isotopic data.  相似文献   

辐射参数化的变化对模式中期和月预报的影响   总被引：2，自引：3，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

沈元芳  伊兰等 《应用气象学报》2002,13(3):299-311

在T106中期数值预报模式和T63气候模式中进行了两种辐射过程参数化的对比试验。目前在这两个模式中用作对照积分的辐射方案(OPE)是ECMWF的早期业务方案，而新的辐射方案(NEW)是ECMWF 1989年5月2日成为业务的版本。试验结果表明，OPE高估了短波水的吸收，导致太大的短波大气吸收和地表太小的向下短波辐射；OPE还低估了长波辐射冷却和大气顶的向外长波辐射(OLR)；NEW增加了地表有效辐射能量和对流层总的冷却，产生了较大的湍流热通量，对流活动加强，降水量明显增加；NEW还使平流层温度偏暖得到矫正。业务平行试验的统计检验表明，NEW对4～7天中期预报有较显著的改进。  相似文献   

碱性花岗岩的动力学氧同位素交换和流体流动几何学：交换机制和平流冷却   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2  

刘伟  李新俊等 《岩石学报》2002,18(3):331-339

新疆北部乌仑古塔斯嘎克碱性花岗岩体分为主体相和北部边缘相。条纹长石广泛发育出溶；石英与碱性长石复杂交生。条纹长石的出溶衍生出压应力，造成石英的变形。大部分钠铁闪石是由霓辉石交代形成的。在δ^18O石英-δ^18O条纹长石和δ^18O石英-δ^18O钠铁闪石协变图上，应用耦合的质量传输和动力学限制的同位素交换模型对样品进行了模拟。相对交换速率常数和3个矿物的显微组构特征共同指示，表面反应即溶解-再沉淀和管道扩散是氧同位素交换的主要机制。大气降水从塔斯嘎克碱性花岗岩的北部边缘相住主体相发生了平流渗透。北部边缘相样品的较陡的斜率、以及石英和条纹长石较低的^18O亏损程度，被解释为是由于与同位素组成未演化的短路径大气降水在相对较短的时限内发生氧同位素交换造成的。但是，与同位素组成演化了的长路径大气降水在相对较长的时限内的相互作用，导致了主体样品的较缓的斜率以及石英和条纹长石的较高程度的^18O亏损。对于一个侵入岩体的冷却来说，平流冷却与传导冷却一样重要。  相似文献   

Air-sea Interaction of Typhoon Sinlaku （2002） Simulated by the Canadian MC2 Model   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4  

任雪娟 《大气科学进展》2006,23(4):521-530

Three experiments for the simulation of typhoon Sinlaku (2002) over the western North Pacific are performed in this study by using the Canadian Mesoscale Compressible Community (MC2) atmospheric model. The objective of these simulations is to investigate the air-sea interaction during extreme weather conditions, and to determine the sensitivity of the typhoon evolution to the sea surface temperature (SST)cooling induced by the typhoon. It is shown from the three experiments that the surface heat fluxes have a substantial influence on the slow-moving cyclone over its lifetime. When the SST in the East China coastal ocean becomes 1℃ cooler in the simulation, less latent heat and sensible heat fluxes from the underlying ocean to the cyclone tend to reduce the typhoon intensity. The cyclone is weakened by 7 hPa at the time of its peak intensity. The SST cooling also has impacts on the vertical structure of the typhoon by weakening the warm core and drying the eye wall. With a finer horizontal resolution of (1/6)°×(1/6)°, the model produces higher surface wind, and therefore more surface heat fluxes are emitted from the ocean surface to the cyclone, in the finer-resolution MC2 grid compared with the relatively lower resolution of 0.25°×0.25°MC2 grid.  相似文献   

中小尺度下植被冠层对屋顶表面温度的调控效应分析     

杨若  敖祖锐  张晶  余洁 《地球信息科学学报》2019,21(7):1097-1108

随着城市化进程的加快,城市热岛问题日益严重,对人类健康和城市可持续发展产生了巨大威胁。植被可有效遮蔽阳光直射,并通过蒸腾作用降低气温,是改善局部热环境的重要途径之一。开展植被对建筑物温度的调控效应的研究,对于理解城市热岛成因、缓解城市热环境恶化等方面都有重要意义。然而,当前研究往往是在遥感影像的基础上进行的,缺乏植被结构信息,同时,受制于有限的空间分辨率,研究大多在城市尺度下开展。在中小尺度上定量地研究植被冠层密度对建筑物温度的影响仍然具有一定挑战性。鉴于此,本文使用激光雷达（Light Detection and Ranging, LiDAR）获取的高分辨率冠层密度数据,在楼间尺度和街区尺度下开展圣罗莎市三维植被结构与单体建筑物表面温度之间定量关系的研究,分析不同尺度下植被冠层的降温特征及其在局部环境中的降温贡献。结果表明：植被对建筑物的降温作用与其周围的冠层密度有密切关系：冠层密度需达到17%才能起到有效的降温作用,其中在中小尺度上冠层密度分别高于30%和40%时,能最大限度发挥植被的温度调控功能;当冠层密度相同时,2个尺度下的温度变化显著不同：随着冠层密度的增加,街区尺度下的屋顶温度比楼间尺度下的屋顶温度平均下降了0.89 ℃;中小尺度下的屋顶温度变化不仅受到其周围植被结构的影响,还与整体热环境状况有关。本文的研究思路与结果有助于在有限的城区土地资源上合理规划绿地建设,构建可持续的人类宜居环境。  相似文献   

临夏盆地新生代沉积物粒度记录与亚洲内陆干旱化     

徐先海  方小敏  宋春晖  范马洁  沈吉 《湖泊科学》2008,20(1):65-75

临夏盆地毛沟剖面高分辨率粒度记录研究表明,29-7.4Ma间,临夏盆地的古气候一直保持相对稳定,而其中短暂的沉积相的改变是盆地对该期间青藏高原构造隆升事件的响应;从7.4Ma开始,流域外的风尘物质开始逐步被带人盆地,并经过了6.4Ma和5.3Ma的两次加速过程,揭示了我国西北内陆干旱气候可能从7.4Ma左右开始,且在6.4Ma和5.3Ma左右经过两次加强.通过与青藏高原构造隆升事件记录和全球气候记录对比。揭示高原在9-7Ma开始的逐步隆升和期后的阶段性加速隆升以及同期开始的全球变冷,尤其北极冰盖的形成和扩张可能是亚洲内陆干旱化的重要驱动机制.  相似文献   

地震下双曲线冷却塔的响应分析          下载免费PDF全文

马奔  郝圣杰 《地震工程学报》2019,41(1):51-59

借助ANSYS软件建立双曲线冷却塔的有限元分析模型,讨论自重、风荷载和地震作用下冷却塔的力学性能,通过计算、分析探讨塔筒局部开洞对冷却塔整体及洞口局部强度的影响,主要考虑洞口尺寸和开洞高度对冷却塔整体及洞口局部应力分布规律的影响。结果表明:在一定尺寸范围内,开设洞口对冷却塔的整体强度影响较小,但在洞口局部出现明显的应力集中效应;90 m高度处洞口的应力集中效应低于15 m高度处洞口的应力集中效应,但应力集中效应不容忽视。分析结果为冷却塔结构抗震的设计、加固和施工提供了理论依据和实用的参考建议。  相似文献   

CINRAD/CC雷达冷却故障处理个例分析     

李培民  吴星霖  林月 《气象科技》2008,36(1):123-124

新一代天气雷达系统在基层的建设和使用,对发现局地中小尺度天气系统,提高天气预报准确率,具有非常重要的作用.与此同时,为确保雷达的正常运行,保证资料的有效性、连续性,对设备维护提出了非常严格的要求.  相似文献   

刍议我国直流冷却电厂冷却用水生态危害与减损          下载免费PDF全文

唐森铭  商照荣  黄浩  张玉生 《应用海洋学学报》2020,39(4):590-599

根据我国滨海电厂发电现状与发展趋势,本研究评述了我国火电和核电厂直流冷却需水量以及电厂规模化直流冷却用水对海洋生态系统的影响,包括取水卷塞效应导致生物伤害及其机理,卷载和温排水对海洋生物和海洋生态系统的负面影响。本研究估算了取排水导致的卷塞和卷载损失量。同时,以大亚湾生态系统变化为例,探讨了取排水的可能影响,提出了底栖贝类食物链形成的假设。由于电厂取排水对海洋生态系统构成实际和潜在危害,因此,有必要采取措施缓解电厂取水造成的环境影响。在对电厂的取排水海洋环境评估的基础上,电厂可以利用最佳实践技术（Best Technique Available, BTA）,避免或减轻取排水对海洋生态系统的影响,维护冷却海水资源开发的可持续性。减损措施不仅有利于海洋生态保护,也有利于电厂的冷源安全。  相似文献   

Multiple Uplift and Exhumation of the Southeastern Tibetan Plateau: Evidence from Low-Temperature Thermochronology     

WU Limin  PENG Touping  FAN Weiming  ZHAO Guochun  GAO Jianfeng  DONG Xiaohan  PENG Shili  MIN Kang  Tin Aung MYINT 《《地质学报》英文版》2024,98(3):569-584

Since the Cenozoic, the Tibetan Plateau has experienced large-scale uplift and outgrowth due to the India–Asia collision. However, the mechanism and timing of these tectonic processes still remain debated. Here, using apatite fission track dating and inverse thermal modeling, we explore the mechanism of different phases of rapid cooling for different batholiths and intrusions in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau. In contrast to previous views, we find that the coeval granitic batholith exposed in the same tectonic zone experienced differential fast uplift in different sites, indicating that the present Tibetan Plateau was the result of differential uplift rather than the entire lithosphere uplift related to lithospheric collapse during Cenozoic times. In addition, we also suggest that the 5–2 Ma mantle-related magmatism should be regarded as the critical trigger for the widely coeval cooling event in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau, because it led to the increase in atmospheric CO2 level and a hotter upper crust than before, which are efficient for suddenly fast rock weathering and erosion. Finally, we propose that the current landform of the southeastern Tibetan Plateau was the combined influences of tectonic and climate.  相似文献