SMALL SCALE MORPHODYNAMICAL MODELLING     

D. Ditschke  O. Gothel  H. Weilbeer Institut Stromungsmechanik 《国际泥沙研究》2001,16(2)

1 INTRODUCTIONIn the vicinity of smictUres the local velocity of the flow increases, and three-dimensional effects occur,leading to higher shear stresses at the bottom. In case of a movable bed, sediment transport is enhanced.Erosion leads to a scour which can be dangerous for the stability of the strUctUre. The Predichon of a.maximum scour dePth is of vital imPortance for civil engineering. Generally, the maximum scour dePth iseshmated using an emPincal formula (Jolinson, l995). An a…  相似文献   

一个检验太阳光度计Langley定标结果可靠性的方法     

董自鹏  余兴  卢娣  戴进  李星敏  陈闯  彭艳  董妍 《大气科学》2020,44(1):39-52

准确反演气溶胶光学厚度（AOD）在气溶胶气候效应和环境效应研究中至关重要，仪器定标是目前AOD反演过程中最大的不确定性来源。Langley法作为应用最广泛的光度计定标方法，其对天气条件和大气洁净度要求苛刻，这在大气污染较重的地区难以实现，并可能导致AOD反演误差偏大。为了降低由不恰当的Langley定标所引起的AOD反演误差，本文提出一个利用辐射传输模式结合地面太阳直接辐射观测数据检验Langley定标结果合理性的方法，并利用西安2013年6月至2015年12月多滤波旋转遮光带辐射计（MFRSR）和直接辐射表（NIP）观测资料，探讨了方法的可行性。结果表明，该方法能够将Langley定标结果限定在较小的波动范围内，有效降低由定标不确定性引起的AOD反演误差，有助于提高单站点AOD观测精度。  相似文献   

跨孔同步视电阻率测量与应用     

袁家余 《物探与化探》1994,18(1):40-45

本文介绍了跨孔同步视电阻串测量工作方法。用解析法和有限元法计算了球体、二维板状体跨孔同步视电阻率测量曲线特征,并提出解释方法。该方法对解决跨孔间目标体的连通与延伸,确定目标体距测量孔的距离及解决目标体产状等方面具有较好的应用价值。在福建某铜金矿区的方法试验中与无线电波透视法比较取得了今人满意的效果。该方法对探测金属、非金属矿体、岩溶洞穴、断块油藏等方面将会显示出特殊作用。  相似文献   

小秦岭（陕西段）变质杂岩核构造与金矿   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5  

胡正国 《大地构造与成矿学》1994,18(2):147-154

华北古地台南缘的小秦岭地区呈现为一典型的变质杂岩核构造。其主要构造要素：变质杂岩核（古台隆区），平缓韧性滑脱带（古台隆与古台坳过渡带）和多型拆离构造（古台隆区）较为完整可辨。其发展演化可能经历了地槽期、地台期和地洼期，在地洼期成型。该构造体系控制了区内糜棱岩型、石英脉型和破碎蚀变岩型（糜棱岩亚型和石英岩亚型）金矿的时空分布。提供了一类在没有深层矿源直接导入的条件下金矿形成作用的典型区域成矿实例。  相似文献   

Redefinition of the international spheroid 1930     

V. Kigaur 《Journal of Earth System Science》1980,89(1):115-116

The equatorial value of normal gravity and the length of the semi-major axis of the currently used International spheroid 1930, appear to be mutually inconsistent in the light of the new astronomical values forKM and ω adopted by the International Union of Astronomy in 1964. This note accordingly suggests a new value for the length of its semi-major axis to remove this inconsistency.  相似文献   

The role of topography in controlling throughflow generation: A discussion     

J. Garry Speight 《地球表面变化过程与地形》1980,5(2):187-191

The distributions of specific catchment area and specific dispersal area values over the hillside studied by Anderson and Burt (1978) relate much more closely to the observed distributions of soil water matric potential than do the occurrences of contour concavity on which the authors rely. Highest potential always occurred in the zone of large specific catchment area except immediately after rainfall, when it occurred in the zone of small dispersal area. Isolines of low potential persistently conformed to those of specific dispersal area.  相似文献   

Combining Sample and Census Data in Small Area Estimates: Iterative Proportional Fitting with Standard Software*   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Ludi Simpson  Mark Tranmer 《The Professional geographer》2005,57(2):222-234

The combination of detailed sample data with less detailed but fully enumerated marginal subtotals is the focus of a wide range of research. In this article we advocate careful modeling of sample data, followed by Iterative Proportional Fitting (IPF). The modeling aims to estimate accurately the interaction or odds ratios of complex tables, which is information not contained in the marginal subtotals. IPF ensures consistency with the subtotals. We advance this work in three practical ways. First, we show that detailed small‐area estimates of both counts and proportional distributions usually gain accuracy by combining data for larger areas containing the small areas, and we illustrate the multilevel framework to achieve these estimates. Second, we find that a general classification or socioeconomic typology of the small areas is even more associated with the within‐area interactions than is membership of the larger area. Third, we show how the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) can be used for IPF in any number of dimensions and with any structure of constraining marginal subtotals. Throughout, we use an example taken from the 1991 U.K. Census. These data allow us to evaluate various methods combining 100 percent tabulations and the Samples of Anonymised Records.  相似文献   

Application of the spectral-element method to the axisymmetric Navier–Stokes equation     

A. Fournier  H.-P. Bunge  R. Hollerbach  J.-P. Vilotte 《Geophysical Journal International》2004,156(3):682-700

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Privatization of rural industry and de facto urbanization from below in southern Jiangsu, China   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Xiaoping Shen  Laurence J.C. Ma   《Geoforum》2005,36(6):761-777

At the heart of China’s economic transformation from plan to market is the institutional rearrangement of the ownership of property rights. Privatization of collectively owned township and village enterprises (TVEs) in recent years has significantly changed the rural economy and affected small town development in China. Located mainly in villages and small towns and producing 62% of the total industrial output in Jiangsu in 1994, TVEs played a crucial role in southern Jiangsu (Sunan)’s economic development and urbanization, giving rise to the well-known “Sunan model” of regional development during the 1980s. Since the mid-1990s, ownership transition (zhuanzhi) of the TVEs from collective to private in Sunan has altered the nature of the regional economy and the pattern of small town development. The privatization of TVEs in Sunan has been so pervasive that it can be seen as the “second industrial divide” in the region’s economy. This paper traces the evolution of ownership reform in Sunan’s rural industries leading to the current phase of privatization and analyzes the effects of privatization on de facto urbanization from below in Sunan. Given the importance of privatization, continuous scholarly monitoring of its relationship to regional economic development and urbanization from below is necessary.  相似文献   

LANDFORM MORPHOLOGIC RELATIONS BETWEEN INTER-GULLIED AND GULLIED LAND AREAS —A CASE STUDY OF THE WANGJIAGOU WATERSHED IN THE WEST OF SHANXI PROVINCE     

Hao CHEN Hai-yan FANG Qiang-guo CAI Guang-lin LIANG Zong-qi YUE 《国际泥沙研究》2006,21(1):62-73

1 INTRODUCTION In the past years, because of a lack of modern techniques, the research on gullied/inter-gullied land erosion mainly depended on field monitoring, such as utilizing marking posts and/or topographic maps to investigate gullied/inter-gullied …  相似文献