海洋中的CO2观测与研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

乔然  王彰贵  张滨  于艳红  马黎明 《海洋预报》2005,22(Z1):106-114

在1985年～1997年之间"陆架边沿海海洋通量研究"和"中美海气联合调查"(TOGA)海洋观测调查项目中,利用库仑仪系统和高精度测量海水二氧化碳分压气相色谱系统测量了表层和深层海水总溶解二氧化碳(TCO2)、海水和大气CO2分压(PCO2)样品,测量精度为±1umol/kg和±1utam.根据表层和深层CO2数据,讨论了影响CO2变化的主要因素,通过研究计算获得了CO2和温度(T)、盐度(S)、总碱度(ALK)相关回归方程.CO2分布变化与流、水团、黑潮变化密切相关.本文根据在中国东海四个航次测量的海水和大气的PCO2,描述了调查海域CO2的源与汇以及通量的分布.  相似文献   

Nitrous oxide in fresh water systems: An estimate for the yield of atmospheric N2O associated with disposal of human waste     

W. A. Kaplan  J. W. Elkins  C. E. Kolb  M. B. McElroy  S. C. Wofsy  A. P. Durán 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1978,116(2-3):423-438

The N₂O content of waters in the Potomac and Merrimack Rivers was measured on a number of occasions over the period April to July 1977. The concentrations of dissolved N₂O exceed those which would apply in equilibrium with air by factors ranging from about 46 in the Potomac to 1.2 in the Merrimack. Highest concentrations of dissolved N₂O were associated with sewage discharges from the vicinity of Washington, D.C. and analysis indicates a relatively high yield, 1.3 to 11 percent, for prompt conversion of waste nitrogen to N₂O. The yield could be even higher if bubbles originating in sediments should contain as little as 0.3 percent N₂O. Measurements of dissolved N₂O in fresh water ponds near Boston demonstrate that aquatic systems may provide both strong sources and sinks for atmospheric N₂O.  相似文献   

昆明市东川拖布卡金矿矿石岩石学研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张学诚  高俊彩 《云南地质》2006,25(3):276-285

中-低温热液型拖布卡金矿，与碱性（钠质）岩浆作用密切相关，尤以与纳长斑岩、二长斑岩最为明显。三类矿源岩石组合提供金质。自然金、显微裂隙金及包裹金组成金的主要赋存状态。提出拖布卡-播卡金矿成矿模式。  相似文献   

Application of multivariate spatial analysis in scale-based distribution and source study of PAHs in the topsoil: an example from Tianjin,China     

X. J. Wang  R. M. Liu  K. Y. Wang  J. D. Hu  Y. B. Ye  S. C. Zhang  F. L. Xu  S. Tao 《Environmental Geology》2006,49(8):1208-1216

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soil originate from various sources under different spatial scales. Coregionalization analysis is more revealing than univariate geostatistical analysis. Scale-dependent spatial features of variables reflect different sources of spatial variability. In this study, 188 topsoil samples in the Tianjin area were collected. The contents of 16 PAHs and soil background properties were determined for all samples. A multivariate geostatistical approach was used for multi-scale spatial analysis for PAH compounds. Results show that coal combustion was the major source for the spatial distribution patterns of PAHs in the topsoil of the studied area. It worked mainly at the short-range scale (5–10 km). Significant spatial variation patterns were identified. In contrast, no significant spatial distribution trends at the nugget (0–5 km) or long-range scales (10–50 km) were seen. Long-range transport and site contamination of PAHs might not be key contributors in forming the distribution pattern of PAHs in the topsoil of Tianjin area.  相似文献   

云南富乐铅锌矿床地质、地球化学及成因   总被引：5，自引：3，他引：2  

崔银亮  周家喜  黄智龙  罗开  念红良  叶霖  李珍立 《岩石学报》2018,34(1):194-206

富乐铅锌矿床位于扬子陆块西南缘的川滇黔铅锌成矿域东南部,受弥勒-师宗-水城区域性深大断裂构造控制,矿体呈似层状隐伏于中二叠统阳新组层间构造带内,赋矿围岩为白云岩。矿石矿物主要为闪锌矿,方铅矿和黄铁矿次之,含少量黄铜矿和黝铜矿等,脉石矿物主要为方解石和白云石。矿石构造主要有致密块状、浸染状和网脉状,金属矿物主要呈自形、半自形或他形粒状结构,其次为交代残余结构。已累计探明Pb+Zn金属资源量超过50万吨,平均品位大于10%Pb+Zn,最高达60%Pb+Zn,并伴随大量Cu和分散元素(如Cd、Ga、Ge等),显示其成矿环境极为特殊。本次工作通过详细的矿床地质和C-O、S及Pb同位素地球化学研究,旨在揭示该矿床的成矿物质来源及矿床成因。方解石的δ~(13)C值介于1.25‰~2.01‰之间,均值为1.64‰,与海相碳酸盐岩相似,而高于地幔和沉积有机质;δ~(18)O值为17.21‰~17.74‰,均值为17.49‰,介于海相碳酸盐岩(沉积有机质)和地幔之间。这表明方解石的C很可能来自碳酸盐岩围岩,而O同位素很可能受到流体与围岩间的水/岩相互作用影响。硫化物的δ~(34)S值介于10.04‰~16.43‰之间,均值为14.12‰,显示富集重S同位素的特征,表明成矿流体中S主要来源于沉积地层中的膏岩层,是海水硫酸盐岩热化学还原作用的产物。单颗粒方铅矿的~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb=18.5295~18.6100(均值为18.5640),~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb=15.6938~15.7024(均值为15.6974),~(208)Pb/~(204)Pb=38.5690~38.6568(均值为38.6008),其变化范围很窄,且与区域沉积岩和基底变质岩范围重叠,表明成矿金属Pb主要由沉积地层和基底岩石共同提供。综合矿床地质以及C-O、S和Pb同位素资料,本文认为富乐是一个形成于三叠纪拉张向挤压再向伸展的构造体制转换背景下、以碳酸盐岩为容矿围岩、受背斜和层间构造控制的层控、后生、富分散元素和高品位铅锌矿床,其成矿特征很可能是峨眉山岩浆作用和印支造山运动共同作用的结果。  相似文献   

Influence of Sedimentation on the Geomorphology of the Northwestern Continental Margin of India     

Onkar S. Chauhan  F. Almeida  Jangam Suneethi 《Marine Geodesy》2013,36(4):259-265

Based upon the analysis of about 10,000 line km of echosounding and bathymetric data and variations in mass accumulation rate along the NW continental margin of India (between Kori creek and Mumbai), we have deduced that in the northern region (in the vicinity of the River Indus) the shelf-break occurs at a shallower depth and the slope is shallower, has the steepest gradient (<1:20), is smoother with no major features, and has reduced width (slope edge at 1450 m; width 19 km than off Mumbai). The width and depth of the slope edge gradually increases southwards, and is at maximum off DamanMumbai (slope edge depth 2900 m; width 84 km). The intensity of the occurrence of physiographic features also increases southwards. The shelf edge off Saurashtra is undulating and on the slope, regional notches and benches (the most prominent at 560 m) are observed. Further southwards off Khambhat-Mumbai, the slope is characterized by the presence of bathymetric highs and lows. We have also observed numerous features on the shelf, with a variable depth of the shelf-break. The gradient of the continental slope is also reduced from the northern region to the southern region. The variations in the gradient of the slope and the presence of distinct physiographic features in this area are examined vis-a-vis fluvial supply of the sediments into the region.  相似文献