17—115℃沥青铀矿的合成及其形成速度的实验研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

沈才卿  赵凤民 《铀矿地质》1985,(3)

本文介绍了17—115℃沥青铀矿合成的方法及对产品的鉴定结果。实验是在只有六价铀与硫代乙酰胺存在的非常简单的体系中进行的。合成的最低温度为17℃。沥青铀矿的结晶速度在不同的温度和pH条件下是不同的。温度越高,结晶速度越快。在酸性溶液中沥青铀矿结晶速度快,中性中较慢,碱性中最慢。但随着温度的提高,酸、中、碱性溶液结晶速度的差值迅速缩小。82℃时,无论酸、中、碱性溶液中的沥青铀矿均能在半小时内结晶出来。  相似文献   

BaFe[CO3]2, a new double carbonate: Synthesis,structural characterisation,and geostability implications for high and low PT     

《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2021,81(2):125740

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IPCC AR6报告关于气候变化适应措施的解读     

秦云  徐新武  王蕾  韩振宇  陆波 《气候变化研究进展》2022,18(4):452-459

适应举措对降低人类和生态系统的气候变化风险有着积极的影响。IPCC第六次评估报告（AR6）第二工作组（WGII）报告全面评估了适应的可行性和有效性,深入评估了适应局限性和不良适应。报告认为,个人、地方、区域和国家各级的适应行动都在增加,但是在做决策时需考虑不良适应的风险。报告从经济、技术、制度、社会、环境和地球物理这6个维度,对23个适应措施的可行性进行了评估;这些适应措施分布在陆地、海洋与生态系统,城乡与基础设施系统,能源系统以及跨部门等四大系统,其中,基于森林的适应、具有恢复力的电力系统、能源可靠性等适应措施具有高信度的高可行性。适应措施的可行性和有效性会随着气候变暖的增加而降低,需要采用多种措施来降低未来气候变化风险。  相似文献   

IPCC AR6报告关于气候变化影响和风险主要结论的解读     

王蕾  张百超  石英  韩振宇  陆波 《气候变化研究进展》2022,18(4):389-394

文中对IPCC第六次评估报告第二工作组报告关于观测和预估的气候变化影响与风险方面的主要结论进行了解读。报告表明,气候变化已经对自然和人类系统造成了广泛的不利影响,尤其是气候变化下的复合风险和极端事件呈现日益加剧和频繁的趋势。目前,不同地区和部门的关键风险已多达127种,且随着气候变暖以及生态社会脆弱性的加剧,将对人类和生态系统造成更加普遍和不可逆的影响。相对第五次评估报告,本报告进一步扩展了风险的内涵,归纳了8个代表性关键风险,更加全面地评估了5个“关注理由”的风险水平,评估结果有利于加深对于气候变化影响的认识和及时制定行动对策。  相似文献   

Demand vs supply-side approaches to mitigation: What final energy demand assumptions are made to meet 1.5 and 2 °C targets?     

《Global Environmental Change》2022

Today’s climate policies will shape the future trajectory of emissions. Consumption is the main driver behind recent increases in global greenhouse gas emissions, outpacing savings through improved technologies, and therefore its representation in the evidence base will impact on the success of policy interventions. The IPCC’s Special Report on Global Warming of 1.5 °C (SR1.5) summarises global evidence on pathways for meeting below-2 °C targets, underpinned by a suite of scenarios from integrated assessment models (IAMs). We explore how final energy demand is framed within these, with the aim to making demand-related assumptions more transparent, and evaluating their significance, feasibility, and use or underutilisation as a mitigation lever. We investigate how the integrated assessment models compensate for higher and lower levels of final energy demand across scenarios, and how this varies when mitigating for 2 °C and 1.5 °C temperature targets through an analysis of (1) final energy demand projections, (2) energy-economy relationships and (3) differences between energy system decarbonisation and carbon dioxide removal in the highest and lowest energy demand pathways. We look across the full suite of mitigation pathways and assess the consequences of achieving different global carbon budgets. We find that energy demand in 2100 in the highest energy demand scenarios is approximately three to four times higher than the lowest demand pathways, but we do not find strong evidence that 1.5 °C-consistent pathways cluster on the lower end of demand levels, particularly when they allow for overshoot. The majority of demand reductions happen pre-2040, which assumes absolute decoupling from economic growth in the near-term; thereafter final energy demand levels generally grow to 2100. Lower energy demand pathways moderately result in lower renewable energy supply and lower energy system investment, but do not necessarily reduce reliance on carbon dioxide removal. In this sense, there is more scope for IAMs to implement energy demand reduction as a longer-term mitigation lever and to reduce reliance on negative emissions technologies. We demonstrate the need for integrated assessments to play closer attention to how final energy demand interacts with, relates to, and can potentially offset supply-side characteristics, alongside a more diverse evidence base.  相似文献   

Natural iron oxalates and their analogous synthetic counterparts: A review     

《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2016,76(3):449-460

Four iron-containing natural oxalates, usually classified as organic minerals, are known (humboldtine, minguzzite, stepanovite and zhemchuzhnikovite). Their occurrences and general properties are presented and briefly discussed. The subsequent part of the review is devoted to the discussion of synthetic oxalato-complexes, analogous to these natural species, including usual synthetic procedures and a thorough analysis of their crystallographic and structural peculiarities. The thermal, spectroscopic and magnetic properties of these complexes are also analyzed in detail and comparisons with other closely related complexes are also included in the discussions.  相似文献   

A low frequency radio telescope at mauritius for a southern sky survey     

K. Golap  N. Udaya Shankar  S. Sachdev  R. Dodson  Ch. V. Sastry 《Journal of Astrophysics and Astronomy》1998,19(1-2):35-53

A new, meter-wave radio telescope has been built in the north-east of Mauritius, an island in the Indian Ocean, at a latitude of -20.14‡. The Mauritius Radio Telescope (MRT) is a Fourier Synthesis T-shaped array, consisting of a 2048 m long East-West arm and an 880 m long South arm. In the East-West arm 1024 fixed helices are arranged in 32 groups and in the South arm 16 trolleys, with four helices on each, which move on a rail are used. A 512-channel digital complex correlation receiver is used to measure the visibility function. At least 60 days of observing are required for obtaining the visibilities up to 880 m spacing. The Fourier transform of the calibrated visibilities produces a map of the area of the sky under observation with a synthesized beam width 4′ × 4.6′ sec(δ + 20.14‡) at 151.5 MHz. The primary objective of the telescope is to produce a sky survey in the declination range –70‡ to –10‡ with a point source sensitivity of about 200 mJy (3a level). This will be the southern sky equivalent of the Cambridge 6C survey. In this paper we describe the telescope, discuss the array design and the calibration techniques used, and present a map made using the telescope.  相似文献   

Synthesis前兆群体异常信息提取与地震短期预测研究     

曹刻  石绍先 《地震研究》2003,26(1):20-25

建立了Synthesis法前兆群体异常信息提取的数学模型。选取滇东地区1995－2000年9月间常用的20项前兆资料，研究中强地震前后Synthesis法前兆群体异常的变化特征。研究结果表明，在研究时段内，Synthesis法前兆群体异常占时率为0.158，为小概率事件。地震对应率为5／6＝0．83，虚报率为1／6＝0．17，地震均是在异常结束后3个月之内发生，是对应概率很高的短期预报指标。成组异常出现均有成组地震对应，群体前兆“组异常”特征显著。处于计算前兆观测点中心的澄江地震前，异常幅度突出，预示了Synthesis值计算有利于提取近源短期异常。实际检验了Synthesis法在地震短期预报中的预报意义，获得了满意的效果。  相似文献   

合成甲硫醇的一种改进方法     

钱佐国  孙明昆  周曾昊  刘升一 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1995,(3)

提出一种以硫酸二甲酯和硫脲为基本原料的合成甲硫酸的改进方法。该方法的特点是：１．使Ｓ—甲基异硫脲硫酸盐的碱解直接在反应液中进行，而无需分离此中间体，从而使合成工艺大为简化，并能避免中间体在乙醇母液中的损失；２．甲硫酸的总产率可提高到７０％以上，且能从反应液中回收副产物双氰胺。此法不仅适用于甲硫醇的实验室制备，而且能用于工业化生产。  相似文献   

Development and future prospects of quantitative mineral assessment in China     

《China Geology》2019,2(2):198-210

Mineral potential assessment at the Earth’s surface has been an important research for geoscientists around the world in the past five decades. The fundamental aspects of mineral assessment at different scales can be associated with the following tasks, e.g., mineral potential mapping and estimation of mineral resources. This paper summarized the history and development in terms of theories, methods technologies and software platforms for quantitative assessment of mineral resources in China, e.g. comprehensive information methodology, geological anomaly, three-component quantitative prediction method, 5P ore-finding area, integrated information assessment method, nonlinear process modeling and fractals, three dimensional mineral potential mapping, etc. At last, to discuss the future of quantitative mineral assessment in an era of big data including platform for 3D visualization, analysis and sharing, new methods and protocols for data cleaning, information enhancement, information integration, and uncertainties and multiple explanations of multi-information.© 2019 China Geology Editorial Office.  相似文献