Concealed porphyry delineation based on nonlinear three-dimensional density-difference inversion: An example in the Beiya mine area,Western Yunnan,China     

《China Geology》2019,2(3):342-353

Intermediate acid-complex rock masses with low-density characteristics are the most important prospecting sign in the Beiya area, of western Yunnan province, and provide a physical basis for good gravity exploration. It is usually difficult to obtaining solutions in connection with actual geological situations due to the ambiguity of the conventional gravity-processing results and lack of deep constraints. Thus, the three-dimensional (3D) inversion technology is considered as the main channel for reducing the number of solutions and improving the vertical resolution at the current stage. The current study starts from a model test and performs nonlinear 3D density-difference inversion called “model likelihood exploration”, which performs 3D inversion imaging and inversion of the known model while considering the topographic effects. The inversion results are highly consistent with those of the known models. Simultaneously, we consider the Beiya gold mine in Yunnan as an example. The nonlinear 3D density-difference inversion technology, which is restricted by geological information, is explored to obtain the 3D density body structure below 5 km in the mine area, and the 3D structure of the deep and concealed rock masses are obtained using the density constraints of the intermediate-acid-complex rock masses. The results are well consistent with the surface geological masses and drilling-controlled deep geological masses. The model test and examples both show that the 3D density-difference nonlinear inversion technology can reduce inversion ambiguity, improve resolution, optimize the inversion results, and realize “transparency” in deeply concealed rock masses in ore-concentrated areas,which is useful in guiding the deep ore prospecting.  相似文献   

扩展水凝物控制变量的雷达资料同化对台风“天鸽”数值模拟的影响     

沈菲菲  闵锦忠  吴乃庚  李泓  束艾青  王易  欧紫娴 《热带气象学报》2023,(1):23-36

利用WRF(Weather Research and Forecast)模式及WRFDA(WRF model data assimilation system)系统,针对2017年台风“天鸽”个例通过同化雷达径向速度(Vr)和反射率因子(RF),研究水凝物控制变量的雷达资料同化对台风分析预报的影响。研究表明：雷达径向速度的直接同化有效地改进了模式初始场中台风涡旋区的中小尺度信息,分析场中产生了气旋性的风场增量,对模式背景场中的台风有显著增强作用。通过在传统控制变量中扩展针对水凝物的控制变量可有效地同化雷达反射率因子资料,对初始场的水物质进行调整,并对随后确定性预报的台风路径和强度都有一定的正效果。此外,相比没有水凝物控制变量的雷达同化试验,加入了水凝物控制变量的雷达资料同化试验降水预报效果更好。这为将我国近海的地基多普勒天气雷达用于台风初始化分析和预报提供了一定的技术支撑和保障。  相似文献   

采用不同样本集合同化地面观测对一次飑线过程的影响   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

李少英  张述文  毛伏平  李彦霖 《大气科学》2017,41(2):236-250

针对夏季黄淮地区一次飑线过程,利用WRF (Weather Research and Forecasting) 模式及其Hybrid ETKF-3DVAR同化系统,考察不同生成方案的样本对同化地面观测的影响。集合样本创建方式包括3类:扰动初始背景场的方案 (RCV)、使用不同的物理参数化方案 (PPMP) 以及前两者集成方案 (BLE)。基于增量场分析,同化地面观测主要调整850 hPa以下水平风和水汽混合比的空间结构,其中RCV方案侧重于改变水平风的空间分布,PPMP方案侧重于改变水汽混合比的空间结构,BLE方案兼具二者特征。同化地面观测可以间接改善6 h降水预报,其中PPMP试验的降水预报最好,尤其是对降水位置和强度的预报。对比雷达回波观测,RCV试验和BLE试验对弓状回波模拟得较好,BLE试验的模拟较多体现RCV特征。PPMP试验和RCV试验还可改变冷池的位置和强度,同时影响飑线出现和消亡时间,相对而言,PPMP试验影响更大。  相似文献   

AMSR2辐射率资料同化对台风“山神”分析和预报的影响研究   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1  

杨春  闵锦忠  刘志权 《大气科学》2017,41(2):372-384

在WRFDA-3DVar（Weather Research and Forecasting model's 3-dimensional variational data assimilation）的框架下,添加了新的探测器AMSR2（Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2）微波辐射率资料的同化模块,实现了AMSR2辐射率资料在中小尺度同化系统中的有效使用。台风"山神"（Son-Tinh）直接同化AMSR2资料的个例试验结果表明,AMSR2资料可以很好的探测出台风的形态,并且与没有同化该资料的控制试验相比,同化AMSR2辐射率资料可以有效提高模式分析场的质量,进一步提高了台风中心气压,最大风速和台风路径的预报。  相似文献   

基于WRF-3DVAR同化多源融合数据对近海风模拟的改进试验   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

吴佳敏  郑有飞  吴荣军  许遐祯  陈燕 《气象科学》2017,37(1):120-126

本文利用WRF模式及其3DVAR同化系统,以2008年4月20日00时—23日00时的江苏近海10 m风场为研究个例,对Quik SCAT、Wind SAT、多源测风融合数据进行同化试验,通过比较WRF-3DVAR同化系统对模拟风场初始场和预报场的改进,检验了同化不同类型资料后WRF模式对研究区域内单点及区域近地层风速的预报效果。结果表明:同化试验对初始场有改进,且对预报场的改进较FNL资料明显;不同资料对风场模拟的影响不同,同化星星、星地多源融合资料效果最佳,Quik SCAT次之,Wind SAT最差。此外,在模式分辨率一定的情况下,提高观测资料的分辨率并不一定能够改善模拟效果,资料的稀疏分辨率存在最佳选择。  相似文献   

Assimilation of Hourly Surface Observations with the Canadian High-Resolution Ensemble Kalman Filter     

Weiguang Chang  Dominik Jacques  Luc Fillion  Seung-Jong Baek 《大气与海洋》2017,55(4-5):247-263

An hourly-cycling ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) working at 2.5?km horizontal grid spacing is implemented over southern Ontario (Canada) to assimilate Meteorological Terminal Aviation Routine Weather Reports (METARs) in addition to the observations assimilated operationally at the Canadian Meteorological Centre. This high-resolution EnKF (HREnKF) system employs ensemble land analyses and perturbed roughness length to prevent an ensemble spread that is too small near the surface. The HREnKF then performs continuously for a four-day period, from which twelve-hour ensemble forecasts are launched every six hours. The impact on analyses and short-term forecasts of assimilating METAR data is given special attention.

It is shown that using ensemble land surface analyses increases near-surface ensemble spreads for temperature and specific humidity. Perturbing roughness length enlarges the spread for surface wind. Given sufficient ensemble spread, the four-day case study shows that the near-surface model state is brought closer to surface observations during the cycling process. The impact of assimilating surface data can also be seen at higher levels by using aircraft reports for verification. The ensemble forecast verification suggests that METAR data assimilation improves ensemble forecasts of air temperature and dewpoint near the surface up to a lead time of six hours or even longer. However, only minor improvement is found in surface wind forecasts.  相似文献   

不同资料同化对登陆台风菲特(2013)短时预报的影响研究     

陈锋  董美莹  冀春晓 《气象》2017,43(9):1029-1040

为定量评估地面、探空、飞机报、卫星辐射亮温、雷达反射率及径向风等不同观测资料同化对台风预报性能的影响,本文以2013年严重影响我国的登陆台风菲特为例,利用WRF模式与GSI-3DVAR同化系统开展观测系统试验(OSE)研究,探讨了不同类型资料同化对"菲特"(2013)路径、强度、形势场和降水短时预报的相对贡献及可能影响机理。结果表明:(1)不同类型资料同化对模拟结果贡献程度有明显差别,其中探空、雷达反射率和飞机报对模拟结果有较大影响,分别"拒绝"这三种资料后模式模拟的高空各要素均方根误差分别上升约54.8%~62.0%、9.2%~16.5%和6.1%~6.4%。(2)对于不同的台风预报效果评估参数,各类资料的贡献率大小排序不同。对高空场和台风路径模拟影响较大的是探空和飞机报,对台风强度模拟影响较大的依次是雷达径向风、反射率、探空和飞机报,而对降水模拟影响较大的依次是雷达反射率、探空和飞机报。(3)各类资料对降水模拟的贡献率随时间变化不同。雷达反射率资料对降水的贡献随着模式积分时间明显下降,而飞机报、探空资料等对降水的贡献在模式积分3 h之后开始出现。(4)资料同化对降水模拟的改进与其对台风路径、水物质及强度模拟改进有关,因此影响高空场、台风路径和强度较大的雷达反射率、探空和飞机报资料,也是对降水模拟贡献较大的资料。  相似文献   

一次黄海海雾的数据同化试验与形成机制研究          下载免费PDF全文

王静菊  高小雨  高山红 《山东气象》2017,37(1):42-53

选取2012年4月14日的一次存在东西2片雾区的黄海春季海雾为研究对象,借助WRF（Weather Research and Forecasting）模式,采用循环3DVAR（3-Dimensional Variational）数据同化方案,考虑了湿度控制变量的背景误差协方差CV6,进行了AIRS（Atmospheric Infrared Sounder）卫星温度与湿度廓线数据的同化试验,并基于同化试验结果探讨了此次海雾的形成机制。同化试验结果表明：同化 AIRS 卫星温度与湿度廓线数据后,模式能成功再现海雾的形成过程,特别是东西2片雾区之间的晴空区的存在,这归功于AIRS数据的同化能够显著改善海上大气边界层的温湿结构、影响海雾的低层高压的范围与强度;机制分析揭示：东西2片雾均为典型的平流冷却雾,但二者厚薄和气团来源不同;海上高压控制黄海西岸陆地的暖空气入海,受低海温的冷却作用降温先形成逆温层,然后逆温层底部生成了较薄的西侧雾区;来自黄海中部的空气向东北移动至朝鲜半岛西部海域,高压下沉增温形成一个顶部较高的稳定层,从而生成较厚的东侧雾区;高压中心下沉区内,近海面风速小使得机械湍流弱,空气增温与海温暖舌共同作用下使得近海面气海温差小,海雾无法生成导致了晴空区的存在。  相似文献   

Ten Years of Science Based on the Canadian Precipitation Analysis: A CaPA System Overview and Literature Review†     

V. Fortin  G. Roy  T. Stadnyk  K. Koenig  N. Gasset  A. Mahidjiba 《大气与海洋》2018,56(3):178-196

Near real-time quantitative precipitation estimates are required for many applications including weather forecasting, flood forecasting, crop management, forest fire prevention, hydropower production, and dam safety. Since April 2011, such a product has been available from Environment and Climate Change Canada for a domain covering all North America. This product, known as the Regional Deterministic Precipitation Analysis, is generated using the Canadian Precipitation Analysis (CaPA) system. Although it was designed for near real-time use, an archive of pre-operational and operational products going back to 2002 is now available and has been used in numerous studies. This paper presents a review of the various scientific publications that have reported either using or evaluating CaPA products. We find that the product is used with success both for scientific studies and operational applications and compares well with other precipitation datasets. We summarize the strengths and weaknesses of the system as reported in the literature. We also provide users with information on how the system works, how it has changed over time, and how the archived and near real-time analyses can be accessed and used. We finally briefly report on recent and upcoming improvements to the product based, in part, on the results of this literature review.  相似文献   

Estimating the Correlated Observation-Error Characteristics of the Chinese FengYun Microwave Temperature Sounder and Microwave Humidity Sounder     

Ting WANG  Jianfang FEI  Xiaoping CHENG  Xiaogang HUANG  Jian ZHONG 《大气科学进展》2018,35(11):1428-1441

In operational data assimilation systems, observation-error covariance matrices are commonly assumed to be diagonal.However, inter-channel and spatial observation-error correlations are inevitable for satellite radiances. The observation errors of the Microwave Temperature Sounder(MWTS) and Microwave Humidity Sounder(MWHS) onboard the FengYun-3A(FY-3A) and FY-3B satellites are empirically assigned and considered to be uncorrelated when they are assimilated into the WRF model's Community Variational Data Assimilation System(WRFDA). To assimilate MWTS and MWHS measurements optimally, a good characterization of their observation errors is necessary. In this study, background and analysis residuals were used to diagnose the correlated observation-error characteristics of the MWTS and MWHS. It was found that the error standard deviations of the MWTS and MWHS were less than the values used in the WRFDA. MWTS had small inter-channel errors, while MWHS had significant inter-channel errors. The horizontal correlation length scales of MWTS and MWHS were about 120 and 60 km, respectively. A comparison between the diagnosis for instruments onboard the two satellites showed that the observation-error characteristics of the MWTS or MWHS were different when they were onboard different satellites. In addition, it was found that the error statistics were dependent on latitude and scan positions.The forecast experiments showed that using a modified thinning scheme based on diagnosed statistics can improve forecast accuracy.  相似文献