市级灾害性天气应急服务系统   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

鄢志宇  杨桂娟  鲁建东  郝伟 《气象与环境学报》2009,25(1):54-57

灾害性天气应急服务系统是市级气象台根据实际工作需要,研制开发的灾害性天气监测、预报预警业务系统。系统实现了对灾害性天气的实时监测,预警信息编辑、制作和发布,灾情快速评估及极端灾害性天气预报应急服务等功能。介绍了系统的功能特点和业务应用情况。为市级台站做好灾害性天气监测、预报和预警应急服务等工作提供了可借鉴的思路。  相似文献   

石家庄市空气污染预警天气背景分析及模型的建立   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

陈静  郭卫红  王素丽 《气象与环境学报》2007,23(6):62-67

根据石家庄市环境空气质量三级预警标准,系统分析了造成石家庄高浓度污染的天气背景、气象要素特征,建立了高浓度污染的天气模型和预警判别指标;并结合数值预报产品建立了集成预报模式,在此基础上利用数值预报产品提取预警指标,建立了经验指标法定性判别与定量预报相结合的空气污染预警系统。经业务应用表明:系统可以提高高浓度污染的预报准确率,是开展空气污染预警较为有效的方法。  相似文献   

两类容易引起超警戒水位海潮的台风     

杨彩福  周雁翎 《海洋预报》2005,22(3):45-53

本文从实测资料入手,总结A、B两类容易引起湛江（A类）和汕头（B类）超警戒水位海潮的台风,重点分析这两类台风引起超警戒水位海潮的原因,据此给予了两类海潮的预报方法。  相似文献   

海南省南海地震监测和海啸预警服务   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

陈运平  沈繁銮  陈定 《华南地震》2006,26(1):61-66

2004年底发生在印度洋的地震海啸造成的巨大灾难引起了人们广泛的关注。根据海南岛有仪器记录到地震海啸的事实,从构造角度讨论了海南岛未来遭受地震海啸袭击的可能性,强调了建立海南省南海地震监测和海啸预警系统的必要性和重要性,并提出了预警系统建设的初步设想。  相似文献   

我国典型滨海旅游区裂流灾害评估调查及风险管理动态          下载免费PDF全文

张尧  刘旭楠  董肇伟  陈新平  王斌  段德玉  孟庆垒 《海洋开发与管理》2018,35(7):16-25

为填补滨海旅游灾害防范的空白,文章详细介绍了国家海洋局海洋减灾中心着手开展我国典型滨海旅游区裂流危险评估、安全警示、公众科普等技术工作。归纳总结了地形动力学概化分析、精细化数值模拟、遥感影像分析、现场勘测等裂流灾害危险性评价技术方法;详细介绍了我国海南省三亚、陵水地区重点滨海旅游岸段的裂流灾害风险及安全警示现状的调查评估情况;分析探讨了近期国内频繁出现的海滩裂流溺水事故以及国内裂流灾害公众科普宣传动态;并提出了滨海旅游灾害防范下一步的专业技术工作和科学探索方面可能的发展方向。  相似文献   

疫情常态化防控下重大工程项目进度管理 ——以国家地震烈度速报与预警工程为例     

张克诚  高楠  王松 《地震地磁观测与研究》2021,42(2):92-95

2020年以来,受新冠肺炎疫情影响,诸多在建工程项目的建设进度出现滞后,各项工作进度偏离年度目标,且此类影响将随着疫情常态化防控形势持续下去。国家地震烈度速报与预警工程作为全国性重大工程项目,在疫情期间,及时分析判断疫情对项目进度的影响,调整年度目标及建设任务,加强对建设单位和承建方的管理,完善自我工作方式,有效保证项目进度不出现较大偏差,为今后各类重大工程项目管理机制的完善及项目的有序进展提供参考。  相似文献   

Tornado shelter-seeking behavior and tornado shelter options among mobile home residents in the United States   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

Thomas W. Schmidlin  Barbara O. Hammer  Yuichi Ono  Paul S. King 《Natural Hazards》2009,48(2):191-201

Residents of 401 mobile homes in Georgia, Mississippi, Illinois, and Oklahoma were surveyed after they heard a tornado warning. Most residents (69%) did not seek shelter during the warning. Half of those who sought shelter went to the frame house of a friend, neighbor, or relative, and 25% of those sought shelter in a basement or underground shelter. Some of the places where residents sought shelter were of dubious quality, such as their own mobile home, another mobile home, or in an out-building. Twenty-one percent of mobile home residents believed that they had a basement or underground shelter available as shelter during a tornado warning, and about half of those said they would drive to the shelter. Residents said they would drive if the shelter was more than 200 m away. Fifteen percent actually had a basement or underground shelter suitable as shelter within 200 m of their mobile home, but only 43% of the residents would use those shelters. The most common reason cited for not using the shelters was that they did not know the people who lived there. Likewise, a frame house or other sturdy building was within 200 m of 58% of the mobile homes, but only 35% of the residents stated they would use those houses for shelter. Thirty-one percent of mobile home residents had a ditch that was at least 0.5 m deep within 200 m of the mobile home. However, 44% of these ditches had utility lines overhead, 23% had water in them, and 20% had trees overhead. The limited tornado shelter options among mobile home residents in the United States needs to be incorporated into safety instructions so that residents without nearby shelter are allowed to drive to safer shelter.  相似文献   

短时强降雨对能见度的影响   总被引：10，自引：4，他引：6  

吴建军  袁成松  周曾奎  吴震 《气象科学》2010,30(2):274-278

利用安装在宁沪高速公路沿线26个AMW自动气象观测站监测的每小时雨量、每分钟雨强与每分钟能见度资料,分析了强降雨对能见度的影响,结果表明:短时强降雨大多数产生在暴雨天气过程中,随着每分钟雨强的增大,能见度急剧减小危及行车安全;结合交通运营管理部门的实际需求,确定了短时强降雨的定义和预警阈值,制定了短时强降雨的预警、临近预报流程。应用实例证明:该流程能够满足交通气象服务中短时强降雨的预警预报要求。  相似文献   

国际海啸预警系统(ITWS)   总被引：5，自引：2，他引：5  

刘瑞丰  梁建宏  任枭  陈宏峰  邹立晔 《地震地磁观测与研究》2005,26(1):3-7

介绍了国际海啸预警系统的构成、地震与海啸信息的检测、海啸预警信息的发布，并介绍了太平洋海啸预警中心和阿拉斯加海啸预警中心。  相似文献   

Enhancing the human benefits of flood warnings     

Dennis Parker  Sue Tapsell  Simon McCarthy 《Natural Hazards》2007,43(3):397-414

This article evaluates some of the factors which limit the human benefits of hazard warnings, with specific reference to flood warnings, and we conclude by suggesting ways of enhancing these benefits. We focus mainly upon the economic benefits generated by flood damage savings by households that warnings facilitate; health effects of flooding and flood warnings; and the effects of warnings on loss of life and physical injury. Our results, based partly upon surveys of flooded households, reveal that economic benefits are currently more limited than we previously thought, but that for several reasons these benefits are likely to be under-estimated. We argue that the intangible benefits to public health, safety and security must also be taken into account in decisions about investment in flood warnings. In England and Wales, the public’s response to flood warnings is currently low and is a key benefit-limiting factor which could begin to undermine a recent major shift in national flood risk management policy towards a more people-centred, portfolio approach in which changing human behaviour is viewed as important. Using a trans-disciplinary approach, we discuss the evidence and literature surrounding this poor response, and suggest a number of ways in which the issue may be addressed in future.  相似文献