Open your minds: technological development and job opportunities from marine environmental legislation     

Borja A 《Marine pollution bulletin》2011,62(1):1-2

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On the dominance of pre-existing swells over wind seas along the west coast of India     

V.M. Aboobacker  R. RashmiP. Vethamony  H.B. Menon 《Continental Shelf Research》2011,31(16):1701-1712

Wave data collected off Goa along the west coast of India during February 1996-May 1997 has been subjected to spectral analysis, and swell and wind sea parameters have been estimated by separation frequency method. Dominance of swells and wind seas on monthly and seasonal basis has been estimated, and the analysis shows that swells dominate Goa coastal region not only during southwest monsoon (93%), but also during the post-monsoon (67%) season. Wind seas are dominant during the pre-monsoon season (51%). The mean wave periods (T_m) during southwest monsoon are generally above 5 s, whereas T_m is below 5 s during other seasons. Co-existence of multiple peaks (from NW and NE) was observed in the locally generated part of the wave spectrum, especially during the post-monsoon season. NCEP reanalysis winds have been used to analyse active fetch available in the Indian Ocean, from where the predominant swells propagate to the west coast of India. A numerical model was set up to simulate waves in the Indian Ocean using flexible mesh bathymetry. The correlation coefficients between measured and modelled significant wave heights and mean wave periods are 0.96 and 0.85, respectively. Numerical simulations reproduced the swell characteristics in the Indian Ocean, and from the model results potential swell generation areas are identified. The characteristics of swells associated with tropical storms that prevail off Goa during 1996 have also been analysed.  相似文献   

辽河双台子构造带沙三段主要的沉积相类型与成因分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

耳闯 《地质学报》2011,85(6):1028-1037

沉积相研究是油气勘探、储层质量评价、盆地构造演化的基础和有力手段.本文从双台子构造带沙三段岩芯观察和描述出发,介绍了沉积物的颜色,识别了冲刷面、递变层理、块状层理、准同生变形构造等多种沉积构造,建立了砾岩相、砂岩相和泥岩相等3大类12小类的岩相组合、总结了正递变,反递变、正-反递变和非递变等4种相序.在此基础上,指出双...  相似文献   

Environmental impacts of household appliances in Europe and scenarios for their impact reduction     

Roland Hischier  Francesca Reale  Valentina Castellani  Serenella Sala 《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2011

Assessing the environmental impact due to consumption of goods and services is a pivotal step towards achieving the sustainable development goal related to responsible production and consumption (i.e. SDG 12). Household appliances plays a crucial role and should be assessed in a systemic manner, namely considering all life cycle stages, technological efficiency, and affluence aspects. The present study assess the impact of such household appliances used in Europe, and tests scenarios of potential impact reduction at various scales. Life cycle assessment is applied to 14 different household appliances (ranging from dishwashers to television devices) selected to build a set of representative products, based on their economic value and diffusion in households in Europe. Related impacts are calculated with the Environmental Footprint method for calculating a Consumer Footprint “appliances” for the baseline year 2010. A number of scenarios encompassing eco-solutions on a technical level, changes in consumption pattern, behavioral changes, as well as the combination of all these aspects are run to estimate the Consumer Footprint related to household appliances for the year 2030, compared against this baseline scenario. The baseline Consumer Footprint is confirming the importance of the use phase in leading the impacts in almost all impact categories. Testing different scenarios concludes that there is a reduction of the impact for most of the categories (with up to 67% for the ozone depletion potential, and still around 35% for the global warming potential), while two of the here examined impact categories (i.e. land-use and mineral resource depletion) show an overall potential that is even negative – i.e. the results of all scenarios are higher than the ones of the 2010 baseline scenario. The increase in purchase and use of such appliances may offset energy efficiency benefits in some of the examined categories. Hence, the assessment of sustainability of appliances consumption should always include several scales, from the efficiency of the products (micro scale), to the improvement of the energy mix (meso scale), up to accounting for socio-economic drivers and patterns of consumption affecting the overall appliances stock (macro scale).  相似文献   

Innovating resource regimes: Water, wastewater, and the institutional dynamics of urban hydraulic reach in northwest Mexico     

Christopher A. Scott  Nicolás Pineda Pablos 《Geoforum》2011,42(4):439-450

The twin facets of urban hydraulic reach - cities’ appropriation of water from surrounding regions and irrigation use of urban wastewater over a growing rural footprint - form an emerging global policy challenge, especially as democratizing societies seek institutional means to address both urban growth and water scarcity. A central concern of this paper is to demonstrate that policy regionalism, as a process-based understanding of institutions and decision-making, better explains the causes, forms, and outcomes of hydraulic reach than do more structural approaches. Hermosillo, Mexico presents an unfolding case of rural-urban tension for control over rivers and aquifers as well as the infrastructure for water capture, storage, conveyance, and wastewater release. The analysis employs process documentation of water transfer and wastewater negotiations through interviews, review of primary documents, and field observations. Hermosillo’s recourse to negotiated agreements and quasi-market transactions, led by an emerging group of public sector innovators, advances understanding of water policy in Mexico by moving beyond prevailing concerns with the water reform’s neoliberal underpinnings to exploration of rapidly changing urban-centered experimentation. We conclude that evolving urban-rural power disparities and water resource landscapes of urban growth will drive continued expansion of hydraulic reach in water-scarce regions globally.  相似文献   

Graduated incarceration: The Israeli occupation in subaltern geopolitical perspective     

Ron J. Smith 《Geoforum》2011,42(3):316-328

This paper highlights the importance of analysis of the microgeographies of occupation, and the spatially-differentiated means that the Israeli Occupation Forces use to maintain the occupation and create spaces of graduated incarceration for Palestinians. Using the examples of the hinterlands of Qalqiliyah and the old city of Al-Khalil (Hebron) in the occupied West Bank, this paper exposes the microgeographical differentiation the occupation mobilizes in its attempt to enact a panoptic sovereignty over the population, in the process of dispossession. This study challenges geopolitical formations of the state as primary actor, and focuses instead on narratives of Palestinians describing their own experiences of occupation by a hostile state. By relying on popular media, semi-structured interviews, and participant observation, this paper seeks to incorporate a Palestinian vision of life under occupation to challenge traditional geopolitical visions of the Palestinian Israeli conflict, in effect creating a subaltern geopolitical narrative.  相似文献   

海拉尔盆地乌尔逊、贝尔凹陷优质烃源岩特征          下载免费PDF全文

王伟明  卢双舫  吴伟  尚教辉  陈国辉 《地质科学》2011,46(4):1009-1016

通过岩心观察和取样分析,对海拉尔盆地乌尔逊及贝尔凹陷优质烃源岩发育特征进行精细描述,并与普通烃源岩进行对比.研究表明:1)研究区优质烃源岩与砂岩纵向交互频繁,排烃效率高.优质烃源岩是在还原一强还原环境下沉积形成,而普通烃源岩是在氧化一弱氧化的环境下沉积形成;2)优质烃源岩有机质的赋存状态以层状富集为主,有机质呈平行或基...  相似文献   

新疆其木干剖面新近纪沉积序列与西昆仑隆升的耦合     

陈锐明  张克信  陈奋宁  徐亚东  叶荷  陈林 《地质科技情报》2011,30(4):55-64

位于西昆仑山前塔西南地区的其木干剖面发育连续完整的新近纪地层,总厚1831.3m.从古近系—新近系的微角度不整合接触界面向上依次出现中新统乌恰群的克孜洛依组、安居安组和帕卡布拉克组,上新统的阿图什组和西域组底部.其木干剖面克孜洛依组至阿图什组整体为1个二级层序,可划分为9个三级层序.通过细致分析沉积相与层序发育特征,揭...  相似文献   

Comparison between the Xishimen gold deposit and the Shihu gold deposit in western Hebei and analysis of the potential for ore exploration   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Chao Chen  Shuyin Niu  Zili Wang  Zhong Guo  Aiqun Sun  Baode Wang  Yincang Gao 《中国地球化学学报》2011,30(3):281-289

The Xishimen gold deposit is located in the tectonic zone southeast to the Shihu gold deposit, both of which belong to the same orefield. Then, how is the prospecting potential for the Xishimen gold deposit? A com-parison was made between the Xishimen gold deposit and the Shihu gold deposit on the basis of their geological background of metallogenesis, geological characteristics of the ore deposits, the sources of ore-forming materials, etc. The results showed that both the deposits possess many similarities in the respects mentioned above. And their met-allogeneses can be compared. Therefore, there is great potential for ore prospection in the periphery or at the deep levels of the Xishimen gold deposit. Ore exploration should be well programmed on the basis of a better dissection of the tectonic setting of the orefield. A breakthrough in ore prospection of the Xishimen gold deposit will be of great instructive significance in regionally geological prospecting.  相似文献   

西昆仑北部地区铅锌铜矿带遥感构造蚀变信息提取与成矿预测   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

周灵洁  张正伟  程远  沈能平  张中山  游富华 《大地构造与成矿学》2011,35(4):603-611

根据遥感异常信息提取的需要,在西昆仑北部地区的典型矿区——铁克里克-卡兰古铅锌铜矿带采集地表蚀变岩石样品,应用短波红外矿物分析技术对其矿物组合进行波谱分析,以ASTER和ETM+数据为基础提取矿化蚀变信息;同时通过图像增强等多种数据处理方法提取研究区的线性构造及环形构造,得到研究区1∶100000的遥感异常图.从已知矿...  相似文献