初论翡翠仔料皮壳的特征     

张恩  殷小玲  彭明生 《矿物岩石地球化学通报》1999,(4)

翡翠仔料的皮壳是原生翡翠在搬运过程中,经过磨蚀、风化等作用所形成的风化层,其特征往往与原料内部的质量紧密相关。为此,商贸活动中,人们格外注意翡翠原料皮壳的有无及其颜色、结构特点,也总结出许多相关的经验,但历经几个世纪的摸索总结,人们仍感到“神仙难断寸玉”。这除了翡翠原料皮壳与内部质地关系复杂多变外,人为的做假手段亦不可忽视。下面就我们遇到的实例予以说明。１　样品特点３块要求鉴定皮壳真伪的翡翠仔料样品从外观上看,皮壳发育均较完整,分带性明显,由外皮（外带）、雾（中间带）和玉肉（内部带）组成,各自…  相似文献   

M81球状星团G35的ROSAT PSPC观测研究     

苏晠 《紫金山天文台台刊》1999,(4)

一个在ＰＳＰＣ 定位精度内与Ｍ８１ 球状星团Ｇ３５ 的光学位置相重合的Ｘ 射线源从４ 个曝光时间大于１１ ,０００ 秒的ＲＯＳＡＴＰＳＰＣ 定点观测中探测到,在改正了ＰＳＰＣ 指向中心的系统偏差后,它与Ｇ３５ 的光学位置相差～１０″．７ ,大大低于～３０″的ＰＳＰＣ 空间分辨率。对这个Ｘ射线源所作的ＲＯＳＡＴ 观测分析表明,它的ＰＳＰＣ 形态和Ｘ 射线辐射性质符合Ｍ８１ 球状星团亮源应有的特征。  相似文献   

X射线能谱法测定土壤中7种主次量元素     

黄近丹 《岩矿测试》1999,18(4)

采用粉末样品压片制样,土壤标准物质以及人工合成标样为标准,用Ｘ 射线荧光能谱仪对土壤试样中的Ｓｉ、Ｋ、Ｃａ 、Ｔｉ、Ｍｎ 、Ｆｅ 和Ｓｒ ７ 种主、次量元素进行测定。讨论了基体效应及校正等问题。方法经土壤标样分析验证,其结果与标准值符合较好,方法的精密度（ ＲＳＤ,ｎ ＝ ５） ＜ ３ ％ 。  相似文献   

Mapping the shape of the accretion disk of Hercules X‐1     

D.A. Leahy 《Astronomische Nachrichten》2004,325(3):205-208

Hercules X‐1 is an x‐ray binary with a 1.7 day orbit and which exhibits a regular 35‐day intensity cycle, which comes in two types: 0.2 orbital phase turn‐on and 0.7 phase turn‐on. The cycle is well measured by the RXTE/ASM and is caused by a sequence of occultations by the inner and outer edges of the accretion disk. In addition to the 35‐day x‐ray cycle, the accretion disk shadows the companion star HZ Her to give the regular and well known optical modulation, and gives a modulation of the EUV emission from the system. The x‐ray modulation is most precisely measured and best for determination of the disk shape. Here disk and emission region models are used to derived the disk shape from the 0.2 turn‐on cycles and compared to a previous derivation based on 0.7 turn‐on cycles. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)  相似文献   

Tidal disruption of stars by super‐massive black holes—XMM‐Newton highlights and the next decade     

《Astronomische Nachrichten》2017,338(2-3):256-261

This article provides a summary of XMM ‐Newton highlights on stellar tidal disruption events. First found with ROSAT , ongoing and upcoming sky surveys will detect these events in the thousands. In X‐rays, tidal disruption events (TDEs ) provide us with powerful new probes of accretion physics under extreme conditions and on short timescales and of relativistic effects near the super‐massive black holes (SMBHs) , of the formation and evolution of disk winds near or above the Eddington limit, and of the processes of high‐energy emission from newly launched radio jets. TDEs serve as signposts of the presence of dormant single black holes at the cores of galaxies, and of binary black holes as well, since TDE lightcurves are characteristically different in the latter case. XMM ‐Newton has started to contribute to all of these topics, and a rich discovery space is opening up in the next decade.  相似文献   

太阳硬X射线爆发与行星际质子流量的统计关系     

周爱华 《中国天文和天体物理学报》1994,(3)

本文根据１９８０年２月至１９８９年１１月期间ＳＭＭ卫星的硬Ｘ射线（ＨＸＲ）暴观测和ＧＯＥＳ卫星的行星际质子积分流量观测，证认出４８个共同样品，统计发现ＨＸＲ暴的寿命Ｔｄ（ｓ）、峰值记数率Ｆｘ（ｃ／ｓ）和爆发期间发射的总光子数ｃ的对数值，与行星际质子积分流量（被归一到耀斑本地）值Ｆｐ的对数值之间，均具有特别显著的线性关系，其中以ｌｏｇＦｐ与ｌｏｇＣ的线性关系为最好，其拟合方程是ｌｏｇＦｐ（＞１０ＭｅＶ）＝一０．６０４＋０．５３８ｌｏｇＣ，相关系数ｒ为０．７０，相对标准误差为０．２８．文中对质子积分流量的预测精度也作了讨论，并给出了置信区间。  相似文献   

基于S波段双偏振雷达和X波段相控阵雷达的超级单体观测分析     

张羽  姚聃  杨金红  曾琳  冯嘉宝 《气象科技》2023,51(3):419-430

利用广州S波段双偏振雷达和X波段相控阵雷达资料,对2022年3月26日一次降雹超级单体风暴成熟阶段的雷达观测特征开展分析,结果表明:超级单体呈现出钩状回波、回波悬垂、中气旋、三体散射等经典结构特征。径向速度上观测到中低层辐合、高层辐散以及中气旋和反气旋共存的双涡旋结构,有助于超级单体的维持发展。偏振特征分析发现,超级单体低层出现了反射率因子(ZDR)弧,低层强回波区对应偏小的差分反射率(ZDR)、低的相关系数(CC)和大的差分相移率(KDP),符合融化的冰雹特征。中层观测到ZDR环、CC环和三体散射(TBSS)的偏振特征。高层强回波区对应低的ZDR、较高的CC和低的KDP,对应空中干的大冰雹。垂直方向上观测到ZDR柱和KDP柱,ZDR柱最大发展高度达到8 km。X波段相控阵雷达更快的扫描速度还精细监测到超级单体钩状回波和中气旋的形成演变过程,低层也观测到与S波段双偏振雷达类似的ZDR弧特征和融化中的冰雹特征,但是使用中要留意衰减造成的影响。  相似文献   

X市入室盗窃犯罪人空间出行距离及其影响因素分析     

张超鹏  陈鹏  江欢  于越 《地球信息科学学报》2022,24(10):1957-1967

针对犯罪人空间出行距离测量及影响因素考虑上存在的不足,本文利用X市2015—2017年入室盗窃案件数据,基于百度地图计算了犯罪人居住地到作案地之间的步行、骑行和驾车等3种交通出行距离,作为实际空间出行距离的近似拟合,随后利用最优尺度回归模型分析了居住地和作案地所在区域的空间环境特征、作案时间特征和主体特征对犯罪人空间出行可能产生的影响。实证分析表明：(1)计算得到的3种距离的频次分布均表现为距离衰减效应,超过50%的案件中犯罪人作案地到其居住地的交通距离均不超过10 km;(2)在影响因素方面,犯罪人的空间出行距离分布主要受其作案地所在区域的空间环境特征影响,具体表现为目标较为集中、交通通达性较好的区域对邻近空间内的犯罪人具有较强的吸引性,而发案量较高的区域对距离较远的犯罪人具有较强的吸引性;(3)在主体特征上,团伙犯罪人较独狼式犯罪人有更长的空间出行距离,反映出团伙犯罪人在空间认知上有着更好的优势。本文有助于进一步深化对犯罪出行现象的理解,对犯罪预测具有一定的实践指导意义。  相似文献   

Sex-different effects of tributyltin on brain aromatase,estrogen receptor and retinoid X receptor gene expression in rockfish (Sebastiscus marmoratus)     

《Marine environmental research》2013

Since the brain plays important roles in reproduction, the brain aromatase (Cyp19b), estrogen receptor (ER), retinoid X receptor (RXR) α and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ were examined in rockfish after TBT exposure (1, 10, and 100 ng L⁻¹). The results showed that the Cyp19b expression was elevated in the male rockfish, while no effect was produced in the females. Inconsistently, serum testosterone and 17β-estradiol showed no change in the males, while an increase of testosterone and a decrease of 17β-estradiol were observed in the females. TBT affected the ER expression in the males depending on the concentrations, however, no change was observed in the females. In addition, TBT elevated the RXRα expression in the males but produced an opposite effect in the females. In conclusion, TBT might have had sex-different effects on the brain Cyp19b, ER and RXR expression in rockfish, indicating a complex endocrine disrupting effect of TBT.  相似文献   

X‐ray luminosity functions of different morphological and X‐ray type AGN populations     

M. Povi&#x;  A.M. Prez García  M. Snchez‐Portal  A. Bongiovanni  J. Cepa  M. Fernndez Lorenzo  M.A. Lara‐Lpez  J. Gallego  A. Ederoclite  I. Mrquez  J. Masegosa  E. Alfaro  H. Castaeda  J.I. Gonzlez‐Serrano  J.J. Gonzlez 《Astronomische Nachrichten》2013,334(3):288-299

Luminosity functions are one of the most important observational clues when studying galaxy evolution over cosmic time. In this paper we present the X‐ray luminosity functions for X‐ray detected AGN in the SXDS and GWS fields. The limiting fluxes of our samples are 9.0 ×10^–15 and 4.8 ×10^–16 erg cm^–2 s^–1 in the 0.5–7.0 keV band in the two fields, respectively. We carried out analysis in three X‐ray bands and in two redshift intervals up to z ≤ 1.4. Moreover, we derive the luminosity functions for different optical morphologies and X‐ray types. We confirm strong luminosity evolution in all three bands, finding the most luminous objects at higher redshift. However, no signs of density evolution are found in any tested X‐ray band. We obtain similar results for compact and early‐type objects. Finally, we observe the “Steffen effect”, where X‐ray type‐1 sources are more numerous at higher luminosities in comparison with type‐2 sources. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)  相似文献