机载激光遥感成像的激光回波波形数字化技术   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

胡以华  王建宇  薛永祺 《遥感学报》2001,5(2):110-113

首先介绍了机载遥感成像技术的基本原理，讨论了其关键组成部分的地面目标激光回波波形数字化电路的设计及其组成特点，叙述了该波形数字化电路的时序设计和数据存储结构，最后讨论了波形数字化结果的数据预处理方法及相关问题，得到了系统试验运行中获取的激光回波的有关预处理结果，它们将作为进一步生成地面三维图像和目标分类的数据源。  相似文献   

航空物探和航天遥感技术在环境评价中的应用现状   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王怀武  韩长青 《铀矿地质》2001,17(2):125-128

本文介绍了航空物探和遥感技术在环境评价中的应用前提和应用领域，列出了在碍国内外应用研究的实例，充分说明该技术是环境评价前期阶段缩小靶区最重要的手段之一，具有快速、低廉等特点，受到各国广泛重视和采用。  相似文献   

Petrophysical characterization and natural fracturing in an olivine-dolerite aquifer     

Katharine Burgdorff  Dave Goldberg 《Visual Geosciences》2001,6(3):1-28

As part of a study investigating the naturally-occurring fractures in mafic rocks, two holes were drilled 450 m apart through the Palisades dolerite sill in New York. Well-2 is 229 m deep and Well-3 was drilled to 305 m, both penetrating through the sill and into the underlying Triassic sediments of the Newark Basin. Both holes were logged with downhole geophysical tools, including the BHTV, which acoustically images fractures intersecting the well. Understanding the fracture pattern, density, and porosity in the sill is essential for identifying possible zones of active fluid flow and high permeability. Using the BHTV logs, 96 and 203 fractures were digitally mapped within the sill in Well-2 and Well-3, respectively. Most fractures appear to dip steeply (76-78°). There is a shift in fracture orientation, however, and these fractures may or may not be continuous over the short lateral distance between Well-2 and Well-3. The lithology of the sill as identified by drill chips is nevertheless continuous between the holes. Both intersect a 7 m thick olivine-rich layer about 15 m above the bottom of the sill. Several fractures identified in Well-2 have large apparent aperture (>6cm) which correspond to high porosity zones (6-14%) observed in the logs. Resistivity logs were used to compute porosity using Archie's law and match well with the neutron porosity log in Well-2. We use the relationship between porosity and fracture aperture within the sill at Well-2 to infer the porosity in Well-3. High-porosity, large-aperture zones, including the target olivine layer, are identified in both holes. Changes in the temperature gradient log indicate active fluid flow in the sill, although flow appears to be most active in the sediments. Direct field measurements of bulk permeability, hydrologic modeling of fluid flow and calibration of fracture and log porosity will be undertaken in the future.  相似文献   

Three Dimensional Plate Kinematics in Romania     

Dinter  Georg  Schmitt  Günter 《Natural Hazards》2001,23(2-3):389-406

Since 1996 the Collaborative Research Center (CRC) 461``Strong Earthquakes: A Challenge for Geosciences andCivil Engineering' is funded by the DeutscheForschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Foundation) asa German contribution to the UN initiative``International Decade of Disaster Reduction' (IDNDR).A central project of this CRC is the subproject B1``Three Dimensional Plate Kinematics in Romania', whichis installed to detect borders of the geotectonicplates in Romania, to quantify their three-dimensionalmovement rates and to determine in detail thedeformation of each geotectonic unit in the VranceaRegion as a contribution to the research of thetectonic cause of the intermediate depth earthquakesin this region. These aims shall be accomplished byrepeated GPS-measurements in a network which has beeninstalled in 1997 and measured until now in 1997 and1998. This network is consisting of 26 stations,covering an area of 250 km × 380 km with the Vranceaarea as the centre. The geodetic frame is given by sixstations of the CEGRN (Central European GeodynamicRegional Network) of the CEI-initiative CERGOP, forwhich coordinates and velocities in a global tectonicscenario are available. The paper gives informationabout the tectonic background, the geodetic network,the GPS-measurements and the achieved accuracies andfirst results of deformation analyses. It is shownthat until now no significant deformations could bedetected. But the extension of the GPS network andremeasurements with time intervals of two years willallow statements about the recent crustal movementswithin the lifetime of the CRC 461.  相似文献   

冶金地质系统航空物探工作三十年          下载免费PDF全文

线纪安 《地质与勘探》2001,37(3):36-40

从冶金地质航空物探工作队伍的目的，工作队伍的变化，所完成工作量的分析，飞行器材及导航定位系统使用状况，各种航空物探方法实施情况等几个方面，论述了冶金地质系统航空物探工作30年来技术发展过程，取得的成就及前景。  相似文献   

Determination of shallow shear wave velocity profiles in the Cologne, Germany area using ambient vibrations   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6  

Frank Scherbaum  Klaus-G. Hinzen  Matthias Ohrnberger 《Geophysical Journal International》2003,152(3):597-612

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机载三线阵CCD摄影中心轨迹及姿态拟合的半参数法     

孙海燕  李瑞明  闫利 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2003,28(6):706-709

只要给出摄像瞬间摄像中心的位置和摄像平台的姿态，通过机载三线阵CCD获取的影像就可以直接解算地面点坐标。拟合摄像中心的位置函数和摄像平台的姿态函数是机载三线阵CCD摄影测量的最基本问题。针对由GPS／INS得到的摄像平台位置和姿态观测值，提出了半参数拟合法。模拟计算表明，这种方法可以有效地克服对飞行轨迹及姿态的先验数学模型的模型误差，从而达到较高的精度。  相似文献   

航空重力测量的偏心改正     

孙中苗  夏哲仁  肖云  李迎春 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2003,(Z1)

导出了航空重力测量偏心改正的实用计算公式 ,利用某航空重力测量实测数据 ,计算了位置、速度和加速度的偏心改正 ,并对垂直加速度、厄特弗斯改正、水平加速度改正和空间改正的偏心影响进行了详细分析 ,讨论了偏心改正对偏心距、姿态角的测定精度要求。  相似文献   

全国航放数据库的建设   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

余天荣  孙秋菊  冯顺和 《铀矿地质》2003,19(5):296-303

全国航放数据库系统成功地解决了不同类型航放测量数据源的录入、重复数据检索等关键技术问题并已录入30多个测区的航放(部分含航磁)数据；研究、应用概率论数理统计学原理，解决连片(重复)数据的标准化方法与实现；完成了检索的库原始数据、查询计算的标准化数据或比值计算数据等直接网格化的程序设计；探索了图形数据与标量数据库的接口技术，开发了屏幕绘图及与相关软件接口程序，做到了图并茂。使全国航放数据库具有：灵活、可靠的数据录入／导入功能，方便、可视性强的查询(统计)功能，实用、快捷的数据处理应用功能，适时、完备的输出功能，易用、可扩展的系统维护功能，严密、安全的数据保密功能。  相似文献   

Ozone and PAN Formation Inside and Outside of the Berlin Plume – Process Analysis and Numerical Process Simulation     

U. Corsmeier  N. Kalthoff  B. Vogel  M.-U. Hammer  F. Fiedler  Ch. Kottmeier  A. Volz-Thomas  S. Konrad  K. Glaser  B. Neininger  M. Lehning  W. Jaeschke  M. Memmesheimer  B. Rappenglück  G. Jakobi 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》2002,42(1):289-321

During the BERLIOZ field phase on 20 July 1998 a 40 km wide ozone-plume 30 to 70 km north of Berlin in the lee of the city was detected. The ozone mixing ratio inside the plume was app. 15 ppb higher than outside, mainly caused by high ozone precursor emissions in Berlin, resulting in a net chemical ozone production of 6.5 ppb h^–1, which overcompensates ozone advection of –3.6 ppb h^–1 andturbulent diffusion of –1.1 ppb h^–1. That means, although moreozone leaves the control volume far in the lee of Berlin than enters it at the leeside cityborder and although turbulent diffusion causes a loss of ozone in the leeside control volume the chemical production inside the volume leads to a net ozone increase. Using a semi-Lagrangian mass budget method to estimate the net ozone production, 5.0 ppb h^–1 are calculated for theplume. This means a fraction of about 20% of ozone in the plume is producedby local emissions, therefore called `home made' by the Berlin emissions. For the same area KAMM/DRAIS simulations using an observation based initialisation, results in a net production rate between 4.0 and 6.5 ppbh^–1, while the threefold nested EURAD model gives 6.0 ppbh^–1. The process analysis indicates in many cases goodagreement (10% or better) between measurements and simulations not only in the ozone concentrations but also with respect to the physical and chemical processes governing the total change. Remaining differences are caused by different resolution in time and space of the models and measurements as well as by errors in the emission calculation.The upwind-downwind differences in PAN concentrations are partly similar to those of ozone, because in the BERLIOZ case they are governed mainly by photochemical production. While in the stable boundary layer at night and windward of Berlin 0.1 to 0.3 ppb are detected, in the centre of the plume at noon concentrations between 0.75 ppb and 1.0 ppb are measured. The O₃/PAN ratio is about 80 to 120 and thus due to the relatively lowPAN concentrations significantly higher than found in previous studies. The low PAN formation on 20 July, was mainly restricted by the moderate nonmethane hydrocarbon levels, whereas high PAN concentrations of 3.0 ppb on 21 July, are caused by local production in the boundary layer and by large scale advection aloft.  相似文献