基于地物光谱可分性的CHRIS 高光谱影像波段选择及其分类应用   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

吴培强  张杰  马毅  任广波 《海洋科学》2015,39(2):20-24

本文以黄河口湿地为研究区,应用覆盖该区域的CHRIS高光谱遥感影像,提出了一种基于地物光谱可分性的滨海湿地高光谱影像波段选择方法。该方法利用研究区的7种典型地物的110余条现场实测地物光谱曲线,通过分析比对地物两两之间的光谱可分度,确定地物类型之间的光谱可分区间,基于此选取CHRIS高光谱影像的地物分类特征波段,应用三种经典的监督分类方法(支持向量机法SVM、人工神经网络法ANN和光谱角制图法SAM)开展利用全波段的和利用本文方法选择特征波段的分类对比实验。结果表明:(1)基于光谱可分性特征波段的方法较全波段分类精度有所提高,其中ANN分类精度最高,为82.52%,较全波段分类精度提高了约为5.1%;(2)芦苇、水体、黄河水和裸滩4种地物的识别能力高,生产者精度都在80%以上;(3)碱蓬的用户精度提升最为明显,约在7%。  相似文献   

黄河三角洲典型潮汐湿地碳、氮、磷生物地球化学特征   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

曹磊  宋金明  李学刚  袁华茂  李宁  段丽琴  王启栋 《海洋科学》2015,39(1):84-93

选择位于黄河三角洲的广饶潮汐湿地为研究对象,对比了在不同的植被覆盖和水文条件下潮汐湿地土壤碳、氮、磷元素的垂直分布及生态化学计量学特征。结果表明,在芦苇(Phragmites australis)覆盖下的GRA2区域沉积物总有机碳(TOC)和总氮(TN)含量明显高于碱蓬(Suaeda salsa)覆盖下的GRA1区域。GRA1柱样TOC含量均值为1.798 mg/g,而GRA2柱样则为3.109 mg/g。GRA1柱样的TN含量范围在0.108~0.213 mg/g,均值为0.165 mg/g,而GRA2柱样TN含量范围则为0.307~0.473 mg/g,均值为0.353 mg/g。总体上,总磷(TP)含量的变化水平相对于TOC和TN来说较大,其垂直变异系数较高。而与TOC和TN相反的是,GRA2柱样中TP含量均值为0.298 mg/g,低于GRA1的0.388 mg/g,这可能跟GRA2区域芦苇的生长比碱蓬需要吸收更多的P元素有一定关系。研究区域沉积物C、N、P元素生态化学计量学比值普遍较低。相对较高的C/N值,较低的C/P值和N/P则显示黄河三角洲潮汐湿地的生物地球化学过程可能更多地受营养元素N和P等的限制,而前者可能是主要限制因素。本研究可为滨海湿地对全球碳和氮的储存提供基础数据,为滨海湿地可持续发展的管理和保护提供科学依据。  相似文献   

Characteristics and landcover of estuarine boundaries: implications for the delineation of the South African estuarine functional zone     

DA Veldkornet  JB Adams  L van Niekerk 《African Journal of Marine Science》2015,37(3):313-323

This study investigated whether the current lateral boundary for estuaries in South Africa, i.e. the estuarine functional zone (EFZ), includes all estuarine habitats. The EFZ covers 173 930 ha in 304 estuaries/outlets nationally. Field surveys and analysis of available aerial images showed that 82 (12 956.70 ha) of these estuaries (26%) had estuarine habitats occurring outside of this boundary. As a result of mapping scale, the National Vegetation Map does not represent habitats that are associated with small estuaries (approximately 50% of South Africa's estuaries). For estuaries in the Western and Eastern Cape provinces, most habitats have been lost due to urban development, whereas in subtropical areas (northern Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal), cultivation has removed estuarine habitat. Although delineation of boundaries can be complicated by landcover changes, the estuarine lateral boundary in Cape estuaries could be identified based on sediment characteristics (moisture content, organic content, electrical conductivity), groundwater characteristics (salinity, conductivity and depth) and plant species. The delineation of the EFZ needs to be consistent, inclusive of all estuarine physical and biological processes, and cost-effective to identify so that it can protect estuarine habitats.  相似文献   

中国湿地研究进展与展望   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

吕宪国  姜明  LU Xianguo  JIANG Ming 《地理学报(英文版)》2004,14(Z1)

Wetland is one of the most important ecosystems in the world, possessing important functions such as hydrologic regulation, degrading pollutants, adjusting climate, preventing erosion, maintaining geochemical cycle and providing habitats for important species, etc. (Chen, 2001; Mitsch; 2000; Chen, 2003), and has enjoyed the reputation of "earth's kidney" and "biology supermarket".1ThecharacteristicsanddistributionofwetlandsinChinaChina has a wetland area of 65.94 million ha (not including riv…  相似文献   

Progress and prospect of wetland research in China   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Lu?XianguoEmail author  Jiang?Ming 《地理学报(英文版)》2004,14(1):45-51

Traditional wetland study in China mainly focuses on mire resources investigation and utilization. At present, environment, resources problems and sustainable development theory have infused new driving force into the wetland development. Since wetlands have huge ecological and environmental functions, they are paid more and more attention to by academic circles. The key field in wetland study at present is the natural process of wetlands, including hydrologic process, biogeochemical cycle process, and biological process, the relation between wetlands and global changes, wetland function evaluation and wetland rehabilitation. The paper reviews the main study progress of wetlands in China, analyses the present situation of wetland researches in China, and puts forward the main direction of wetland science researches in China.  相似文献   

江苏盐城自然保护区滨海湿地生态系统的特征与健康设计   总被引：35，自引：2，他引：35       下载免费PDF全文

刘青松  李杨帆  朱晓东 《海洋学报》2003,25(3):143-148

本文所论及的滨海湿地指的是广义沿海滩涂湿地,不仅指全部潮间带,还包括潮上带和潮下带可供开发利用的部分,其作为新生的土地资源(有一定范围、面积),主要发育于潮滩—平原海岸与河流的三角洲地区.  相似文献   

浙江省滨海湿地生态结构与经济功能分析   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

王自磐 《海洋学研究》2001,19(4):51-57

对浙江省滨海湿地的自然生态环境特征、功能结构和人文景观分布特色进行了综述 ,剖析了浙江省滨海湿地的开发现状和存在的问题 ,并对建设自然保护区 ,实现深度开发和生态保护并重 ,科学地用好滨海湿地这一宝贵资源进行了探讨  相似文献   

The weak effects of fencing on ecosystem respiration, CH₄, and N₂O fluxes in a Tibetan alpine meadow during the growing season     

YiGang Hu  ZhenHua Zhang  ShiPing Wang  ZhiShan Zhang  Yang Zhao  ZengRu Wang 《寒旱区科学》2017,9(6):554-567

Fencing is the most common land-management practice to protect grassland degradation from livestock overgrazing on the Tibetan Plateau. However, it is unclear whether fencing reduces CO_2, CH_4, and N_2O emission. Here, we selected four vegetation types of alpine meadow(graminoid, shrub, forb, and sparse vegetation) to determine fencing effects on ecosystem respiration(Re), CH_4, and N_2O fluxes during the growing season. Despite increased average monthly ecosystem respiration(Re) for fenced graminoid vegetation at the end of the growing season, there was no significant difference between grazing and fencing across all vegetation types. Fencing significantly reduced average CH_4 uptake by about 50% in 2008 only for forb vegetation and increased average N_2O release for graminoid vegetation by 38% and 48% in 2008 and 2009,respectively. Temperature, moisture, total organic carbon, C/N, nitrate, ammonia, and/or bulk density of soil, as well as above-and belowground biomass, explained 19%~71% and 6%~33% of variation in daily and average Re and CH_4 fluxes across all vegetation types, while soil-bulk density explained 27% of variation in average N_2O fluxes. Stepwise regression showed that soil temperature and soil moisture controlled average Re, while soil moisture and bulk density controlled average CH_4 fluxes. These results indicate that abiotic factors control Re, CH_4, and N_2O fluxes; and grazing exclusion has little effect on reducing their emission—implying that climatic change rather than grazing may have a more important influence on the budgets of Re and CH_4 for the Tibetan alpine meadow during the growing season.  相似文献   

北京汉石桥湿地恢复区土壤种子库初探   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李伟  许可 《湿地科学与管理》2017,(1):51-54

采用种子萌发法对北京汉石桥湿地恢复区土壤垂直分布的种子库储量进行了研究,将土壤分为3个层次,距地表分别为0~5 cm,5~10 cm,10~15 cm。结果表明:共萌发10种植物,其中3种植物由于在幼苗期死亡,处于待鉴定状态。其他7种植物分别是打碗花-旋花科、水稗-禾本科、毛马唐-禾本科、毛茛-毛茛科、苘麻-锦葵科、小藜-藜科、委陵菜-蔷薇科。0~5 cm土壤层萌发出10种植物,从鉴定出的植物可以看出,5~10 cm土壤层中,出现了4种植物,水稗占的比例较大;10~15 cm土壤层中,仅出现了1种植物,即禾本科的水稗。汉石桥湿地恢复区的物种数量较多,禾本科占据主要地位。湿地恢复区的种子库在维持地表植被植物多样性中发挥着一定的作用。  相似文献   

冬季室温铁碳内电解质下4种水生植物及其组合的净化效果     

孙广芳  宗小香  吕丽萍  闵梦月  安树青  冷欣 《湿地科学与管理》2017,(3)

为探究冬季室温不同铁碳内电解基质下4种水生植物及其组合对人工湿地污水的净化效果,通过构建小试试验装置来探究冬季室温铁碳内电解质下菖蒲、鸢尾、金鱼藻、狐尾藻4种水生植物及菖蒲+鸢尾、金鱼藻+狐尾藻、菖蒲+鸢尾+金鱼藻+狐尾藻3种组合在不同试验时间内对污水中COD、NH_3+-N、TN、TP 4种污染物的净化效果。结果表明:冬季室温不同铁碳内电解基质下,4种植物及其组合对COD、TN、TP去除效果均较好,无显著性差异。NH3+-N净化效果较好的是菖蒲组和金鱼藻+狐尾藻组合。研究发现,铁碳内电解基质在COD、TN、TP的去除过程中发挥了主要作用。在TN去除方面,铁碳内电解质与植物的组合效果比单纯内电解质对污水的净化效果好。4种植物及其组合在NH_3+-N去除方面均发挥了重要作用,且不同处理间存在显著差异。  相似文献