考虑损伤效应的岩石类材料局部化特性分析   总被引：5，自引：4，他引：1  

栾茂田  王忠昶  杨庆 《岩土力学》2007,28(1):1-6

在各向同性损伤条件下,考虑岩石损伤过程中的刚度降低和体积扩容,通过理论推导建立了岩石发生分叉失稳时的最大硬化模量和临界局部化方向,探讨了局部化方向角对于岩石的损伤程度和初始泊松比的依赖关系,并对平面应力与平面应变两种条件下单轴拉伸试件的分叉特性进行了对比分析。研究表明,岩石的初始泊松比与损伤程度越大,局部化方向角越大;尽管平面应力与平面应变条件下单轴拉伸问题的局部化方向角具有相似的变化趋势,但平面应力条件下的局部化方向角低于平面应变条件下同样情况下的局部化方向角。  相似文献   

基于应变梯度理论的韧性剪切带理论研究   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  

王学滨  潘一山  马瑾 《地质力学学报》2002,8(1):79-86

地质领域中存在的大量事实都可以归为应变局部化范畴,韧性剪切带是剪切应变局部化带。本文首次应用应变梯度塑性理论对韧性剪切带进行了理论分析。获得了韧性剪切带内部局部剪应变(率)分布规律,剪切带错动总位移及剪切带法向位移的理论表达式,以及韧性剪切带内部体积应变(率)和孔隙率分布规律。剪应变局部化导致了体积应变和孔隙率局部化。随着应变软化的加剧,剪应变、体积应变和孔隙率局部化加剧;随着应力率绝对值的增加,剪应变率、体积应变率集中程度增强。   相似文献   

土体应变局部化现象的理论解析   总被引：7，自引：6，他引：1  

钱建固  黄茂松 《岩土力学》2005,26(3):432-436

引起土体失稳的应变局部化现象是在特定应力状态下,土体本构产生的分叉特性。基于有限变形理论推导了应变局部化产生的三维解析解。基于应变局部化的理论解析,分析了轴对称和平面应变条件下应变局部化现象在弹塑性硬化阶段的存在性以及剪切带的方向性。 理论分析表明,在轴对称条件下,土体应变局部化产生于土体应力-应变的软化阶段,而平面应变条件下,土体应变局部化一般出现在应力-应变的硬化阶段,其剪切带方向角的理论预测与Arthur等[1]建议值较为一致。  相似文献   

饱和多孔介质材料的应变局部化萌生条件   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

赵纪生  陶夏新  师黎静  欧进萍 《岩土力学》2004,25(5):749-754

在单相介质和非渗流饱和多孔介质应变局部化萌生条件的基础上,应用饱和多孔介质控制方程和Liapunov稳定理论,导出了渗流条件下的固相应力-应变描述和有效应力-应变描述的多孔介质固相部分的应变局部化的萌生条件。不同应力描述下的萌生条件的形式有一定变化。应用简单算例,讨论了Terzaghi有效应力描述的应变局部化萌生条件中两种固、液相对运动特例下的饱和多孔介质应变局部化破坏的形式。  相似文献   

Coupled computations for an elastic‐perfectly plastic soil using adaptive mesh refinement     

M. A. Hicks 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2000,24(5):453-476

An adaptive mesh refinement algorithm has been developed for non‐linear computations in geomechanics, based on a smoothed stress–strain finite element formulation. This uses estimates of error in the incremental shear strain invariant to guide the regeneration of unstructured meshes at regular intervals during loading. Following each mesh‐update, no re‐analysis of previous increments with the new mesh is necessary. Algorithm performance has been investigated by analysing a passive earth pressure problem using a linear elastic‐perfectly plastic Mohr–Coulomb soil model. Perfectly drained behaviour has been considered, as have partially drained situations using hydromechanical coupling, while undrained behaviour has been approximated using time steps close to zero. In all cases, mesh adaptivity has been successful in capturing regions of high strain gradient. The results have been compared with analytical solutions. Accurate computations of limit load and shear band orientation have been obtained for a wide range of material dilation angles. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

球坐标解析定位技术在龙门山近震层析中的应用   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

钱辉  James Mechie  于常青 《地球物理学报》2018,61(5):2011-2021

通过对球坐标梯度速度模型的角距离和走时公式的推导,获取了射线参数驱动的可解析计算的全球多震相时距及其对于模型,震中和地表速度的导数表达式.与TAUP软件进行对比发现除了散射震相外,所有震相的时距曲线误差均可忽略,该方法考虑了高程,在性能和应用方面也可以完全取代TAUP相应的模块.在此基础上升级了耦合一维模型的定位系统,并应用到龙门山地区的近震重新定位,通过对远震的局部化处理,增加了近震层析的射线覆盖范围和密度,使下地壳速度模型在中上地壳模型的约束下有所呈现.通过近震层析处理发现松潘地区浅部存在大量的高低速相间分布,四川盆地深部为扬子板块高速物质控制,浅部则以低速为主.龙门山断裂带浅部呈现高速为主的特征,而中地壳广泛存在低速物质的分布,龙门山断裂控制的彭灌杂岩体存在根部,收束在20 km深度中地壳滑脱带上.  相似文献   

Shaking table tests on a masonry building monitored using smart bricks: Damage detection and localization     

Andrea Meoni  Antonella D'Alessandro  Nicola Cavalagli  Massimiliano Gioffré  Filippo Ubertini 《地震工程与结构动力学》2019,48(8):910-928

The seismic behavior of unreinforced masonry buildings is typically characterized by premature brittle collapse mechanisms that can cause serious consequences for the protection of human lives and for the preservation of historical and cultural heritage. Structural health monitoring can be a powerful tool enabling a quick post-earthquake assessment of the structure's performance, but its applications are still scarce as a consequence of the severe limitations affecting off-the-shelf sensing technologies, in terms of local nature of the measurements, costs, as well as long-term behavior, installation, and maintenance. To overcome some of these limitations, the authors have recently proposed a new sensing technology, called “smart brick,” that is a durable clay brick doped with stainless steel microfibers, working as a smart strain sensor for masonry buildings. This paper presents the first full-scale application of smart bricks, used for detecting and localizing progressive earthquake-induced damage in an unreinforced masonry building subjected to shaking table tests. Smart bricks are employed to detect changes in load paths on masonry walls, comparing strain measurements acquired after each step of the seismic sequence with those referring to the undamaged structure. Experimental results are interpreted using a 3D finite element model built to reproduce the shaking table tests. Overall, the results demonstrate that the smart bricks can effectively reveal local permanent changes in structural conditions following a progressive damage, therefore being apt for earthquake-induced damage detection and localization.  相似文献   

神经肽FF在小黄鱼(Larimichthys polyactis)性腺发育早期的表达与定位分析     

肖燃  宋长普  朱阳  黄伟  郑利兵  迟长凤  楼宝 《海洋与湖沼》2021,52(1):213-221

神经肽FF是属于RFamide相关肽家族中的一种八肽,在多种生物过程中具有调节功能。本文开展了小黄鱼(Larimichthys polyactis)神经肽FF相关基因(LpNPFF:Accession No.MT012894)的组织表达与定位分析研究。实时荧光定量PCR结果显示,小黄鱼神经肽FF基因在性未成熟期(第Ⅱ期)的小黄鱼的脑和性腺中表达较高,其次是肌肉和脾脏,在胃和肠中表达相对较少;原位杂交结果显示,在小黄鱼中脑的视顶盖(OTec)、圆环体(TL)、结节前核(NAT)、外侧结节核(NLT)、下丘脑弥散核(NDLI)以及延脑(MO)中检测到大量LpNPFF mRNA阳性的细胞,而端脑和小脑部分的表达较少。同时,在小黄鱼第Ⅱ期卵巢细胞的细胞质和核仁中也能观察到明显的阳性信号;免疫组织化学结果显示,在小黄鱼脑部表层细胞和卵巢壁周围的结缔组织中可见明显的RFamide免疫阳性纤维。上述研究结果有助于神经肽进化的深入研究,也为进一步探索NPFF相关基因在生殖调控方面的潜在功能提供了新的思路。  相似文献   

Expression,purification, and subcellular localization of phospholipase C in Dunaliella salina     

CONG Yuting  WANG Yuan  YUE Jinrong  XING Zhenyu  GAO Xiangnan  CHAI Xiaojie 《海洋湖沼学报（英文）》2019,(4):1363-1371

Plants possess effective mechanisms to respond quickly to the external environment. Rapid activation of phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C (PLC) enzymes occurs after a stimulus. The PLC in Dunaliella salina plays important roles in growth and stress responses. However, the molecular basis of PLC action in D. salina remains little understood. To gain insight into the potential biological functions of this enzyme, we cloned a phospholipase C gene from D. salina in a previous study, named DsPLC (GenBank No. KF573428). Here, we present the prokaryotic expression, purification, and characterization of the DsPLC gene. The entire coding region of DsPLC was inserted into an expression vector pET32a, and the DsPLC gene was successfully expressed in Escherichia coli. The DsPLC protein was purified and identified using a polyclonal antibody and western blotting. Expressing DsPLC fused with a green fluorescent protein (GFP) in onion showed that DsPLC-GFP was localized to the intracellular membrane. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed that the relative expression of the DsPLC gene was induced significantly by 3.0-mol/L NaCl at 4 h. Our results support the importance of PLC enzymes in plant defense signaling. This study provides a basis for further functional studies of the DsPLC gene and for additional analysis of the potential roles of PLC enzymes in response to abiotic stress.  相似文献   

附加深度差和水平距离约束的深海控制点差分定位算法   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

孙文舟  殷晓冬  曾安敏  暴景阳 《测绘学报》2019,48(9):1190-1196

针对现有方法确定海底控制点(应答器)三维坐标垂直解偏差大的问题,提出了附加控制点间深度差和水平距离约束的差分定位算法。首先研究了声速剖面的变化规律,并分析了声速剖面的不确定性对测距误差的影响。其次,根据测距误差的变化规律设计了相应的测线,并提出了适合这种走航策略的差分算法。仿真试验的结果显示,相比于传统方法(圆走航),控制点垂直解的偏差由30多个cm减小到了10 cm左右,表明本文提出的方法可以有效改善控制点定位垂直解偏差大的问题。  相似文献