热带太平洋线性海气耦合系统的主模与ENSO   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

谢倩  杨修群 《大气科学》1996,20(5):547-555

本文利用包含海洋表面边界层、线性海洋大气动力学以及完整的关于不均匀气候态线性化SST预报方程的热带太平洋海气耦合模式， 在真实的气候背景态和参数域内，研究了海气耦合系统的特征值问题，确定了线性耦合系统主模的特征周期及其稳定性特征，进而揭示了主模和ENSO的关系。结果表明:准两年振荡是线性海气耦合系统中的最不稳定模态，且只有该模态类似于ENSO水平结构。因此，准两年振荡很可能是海气耦合系统固有的最根本性的振荡过程。本文也对准两年振荡的形成与年循环的关系以及它在ENSO时间尺度形成中的作用进行了讨论。  相似文献   

1981和1982年夏半年高原地区低频振荡与南亚高压活动   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

李跃清 《高原气象》1996,(3)

利用１９８１和１９８２年５—９月欧洲中期数值预报中心（ＥＣＭＷＦ）的１００ｈＰａ高度场客观分析资料，分析了四川盆地典型的“西涝东旱”年（１９８１年）、“西旱东涝”年（１９８２年）５—９月青藏高原地区大气低频振荡特征及其与南亚高压活动的关系。结果表明：青藏高原地区大气低频振荡是显著的，南亚高压活动与此密切相关；１９８１和１９８２年南亚高压活动的低频振荡特征具有明显差异，东西方向基本上呈反位相变化；这些事实对于认识四川盆地夏季旱涝异常有一定意义  相似文献   

El Ni?o影响热带大气季节内振荡的动力学研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

李崇银  李桂龙 《大气科学》1996,20(2):159-168

根据El Ni?o期间热带大气状态的异常特征，确定了在简单大气动力模式中描写海温异常的参数化方法。然后利用斜压半地转两层模式从动力学上分析研究了El Ni?o对热带大气低频波的影响。理论分析同有关热带大气季节内振荡的资料分析结果完全一致，El Ni?o事件使热带大气季节内振荡减弱。  相似文献   

IAP GCM模式大气波谱结构及其在厄尔尼诺年的异常     

王盘兴  刘家铭  沈素红 《南京气象学院学报》1992,(1)

本文分析了中国科学院大气物理研究所大气环流模式(IAP GCM)模式大气波谱结构(沿纬圈的谐波波谱和时域上的频率谱)及其在厄尔尼诺年的异常。结果表明,超长波是低纬波动的主要空间形式,准40天振荡在一定地理区域内显著存在,并与观测结果有一定联系,它们在厄尔尼诺年均发生明显异常。本工作对鉴定GCM性能及开发GCM的研究领域可能是一种有益的尝试。  相似文献   

PNA流型的年际变化及温、热带太平洋海温的作用   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

吴仁广  陈烈庭 《大气科学》1992,16(5):583-591

本文分析了PNA型环流的年际变化和影响因子,发现它存在两种优势周期振荡:一种是3—5年的振荡,另一种是10年左右的振荡.研究表明,前者与赤道太平洋海温的主要振荡周期相对应(同相关系),后者与北太平洋海温的主要振荡周期一致(反相关系).揭示了PNA型环流的变化与北太平洋海温比与赤道太平洋海温具有更密切的联系.并且由于北太平洋海温影响的频带与赤道太平洋海温的不同,它的作用有时与赤道太平洋海温的同相,有时则反相,使得ENSO与太平洋-北美地区大气环流和气候异常的关系变得复杂化.指出当考虑北太平洋海温的共同作用后  相似文献   

Interannual Fluctuations of Surface Air Temperature over North America and Its Relationship to the North Pacific SST Anomaly     

Wu Renguang  Chen Lieting 《大气科学进展》1995,12(1):20-28

The characteristics of interannual fluctuations of the surface air temperature over North America are investigated by using the surface air temperature data of 130 stations during 1941 through 1980. It is found that the surface air temperature bears about ten-year time scale oscillation over the southeastern and northwestern North America and along the west coast of the United States, and it has the characteristics of quasibiennial oscillation over the eastern North America. The ten-year scale oscillation of the surface air temperature is related to that of the sea surface temperature (SST) of North Pacific through the PNA pattern atmospheric circulation anomaly over North Pacific through North America. It is shown that the North Pacific SST has a closer association with the surface air temperature over North America than the central and eastern equatorial Pacific SST. The characteristics of the seasonal variations of the relationship between the North Pacific SST and the surface air temperature over No  相似文献   

The　Dynamical　Influence　of　Land－Sea　Contrast　and　Sea　Surface　Temperature　on　Intraseasonal　Oscillation　in　Tropical　Atmosphere     

Yang Yan  Zhu Baozhen 《大气科学进展》1995,12(4):405-418

An equatorial β-plane model which includes realistic non-uniform land-sea contrast and the underlying surface temperature distribution is used to simulate the 30-60 day oscillation (LFO) processes in tropical atmosphere, with emphasis on its longitude-dependent evolution and convective seesaw between Indian and the western Pacific oceans.The model simulated the twice-amplification of the disturbances over Indian and the western Pacific oceans while they are travelling eastward. It reproduced the dipole structure caused by the out-of-phase oscillation of the active centres in these two areas and the periodical transition between the phases of LFO. It is suggested that the convective seesaw is the result of interaction of the internal dynamics of tropical atmosphere with the zonally non-uniform thermal forcing from underlying surface. The convective activities are suppressed over Indonesia mari-time continents whilst they are favoured over the Indian Ocean and western Pacific warm waters, so there formed two active oscillation centres. The feedback of convection with large-scale flow slows down the propagation of disturb-ances when they are intensifying over these two areas, therefore they manifest a kind of quasi-stationary component to favor the ‘dipole’ structure. Whereas the disturbances weaken and speed up over the eastern Pacific cold water re-gion due to the interaction of sensible heating and evaporation with perturbational wind. Therefore the two major centers just show out-of-phase oscillation during onecycle around the latitudinal beltBy introducing the SST anomalies in El Ni?o and La Ni?a years into the surface temperature, we also show that they have significant influence on LFO processes. In an anomalously warm year, the LFO disturbances dissipate more slowly over the central-eastern Pacific region and can travel farther eastward; whilst in an anomalously cold year, the opposite is true.  相似文献   

IDA和CDSN资料的长周期面波研究     

郝建国  潘怀文 《地震地磁观测与研究》1993,14(6):28-35

１９８０年和１９９２年分别在昆明和北京白家疃台架设了ＩＤＡ观测仪器，１９８５年开始又陆续在北京，兰州，海拉尔等地布设和完善了ＣＤＳＮ数字化地震观测台网，为开展长周期面波研究提供了方便。本文结合国内外研究现状，论述了超长周期地震观测在地球自由振荡，震源物理面波理论地震图合成及非均匀地球介质结构研究中的应用。同时结合１９８９年５月６日发生在秘鲁的Ｍｓ７．０地震，介绍了利用简正振型资料开发地震矩张量反演  相似文献   

Influence of southern oscillation index on the variability and predictability of Indian monsoon. A reappraisal     

J. Chattopadhyay  R. Bhatla 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1993,141(1):177-188

The relationship between the monsoon rainfall throughout all India, northwest India and peninsular India as well as the onset dates of the monsoon and two indices of southern oscillation (SOI), namely Isla de Pascua minus Darwin (I-D) and Tahiti minus Darwin (T-D) pressure anomaly have been studied for different periods. The study indicates that the monsoon rainfall shows a strong and significant direct relationship with SOI for the concurrent, succeeding autumn and succeeding winter seasons. The magnitude of the direct correlation coefficient for the SOI using (I-D) is enhanced over all India and peninsular India if the above seasons happen to be associated with an easterly phase of the QBO (Quasi-Biennial Oscillation) at 50 mb. The result indicates that the strength of the monsoon plays an important role in the following southern oscillation events in the Pacific Ocean. The premonsoon tendency of the SOI anomaly spring minus winter SOI shows a significant positive correlation with monsoon rainfall over all India, northwest India and peninsular India. The absolute value of the positive correlation coefficient becomes highly enhanced over all India, northwest India as well as peninsular India if the 6-month period from December to March is associated with the westerly phase of the QBO. Hence, the premonsoon SOI tendency parameter can be a useful predictor of Indian monsoon rainfall especially if it happens to be associated with the westerly QBO. Significant negative association is also found between the anomaly of monsoon onset dates and SOI of the previous spring season, the absolute value being higher for SOI (T-D) than for SOI (I-D). The negative correlation coefficient becomes enhanced if the previous springs are associated with a westerly phase of the QBO. It shows that the previous spring SOI has some predictive value for the onset date of Indian monsoon, a positive SOI followed by an early onset of monsoon, andvice versa, especially if it is associated with a westerly phase of the QBO.  相似文献   

南半球热带外准半年振荡及IAP 9L AGCM模拟检验          下载免费PDF全文

高辉  薛峰 《应用气象学报》2006,17(3):266-272

基于1979—2000年的NCEP/NCAR海平面气压和位势高度场资料分析了南半球大气环流的准半年振荡 (半年波) 现象。结果表明:这一现象主要出现在南半球对流层低层的中高纬度和中高层的热带地区。对南半球热带外大气而言, 40°S和65°S是低层大气环流准半年振荡最为显著的两个纬度带, 半年波的贡献都超过了70%, 低层南半球中高纬度海平面气压场季节变化的反位相也主要体现为各自半年波分量变化的反位相。在此基础上, 检验了IAP 9L AGCM (大气物理研究所9层大气环流模式) 对这一现象模拟的能力, 模拟结果显示, 模式成功模拟了65°S处海平面气压场的准半年振荡现象, 其振幅略低于观测结果, 但模式对40°S处气压场准半年振荡的模拟效果较差。  相似文献