基于腺带刺沙蚕和细基江蓠调控水环境的池塘养殖模式研究     

林更铭  项鹏  杨清良 《海洋科学》2011,35(9):62-67

本研究构建了生态位互补的凡纳滨对虾（Litopenaeus vannamei）、黄鳍鲷（Sparus latus）、鲻鱼（Mugil cephalus）、腺带刺沙蚕（Neanthes glandicincta）和细基江蓠（Gracilaria tenuistipitata）的生态养殖模式。结果表明,腺带刺沙蚕和细基江蓠...  相似文献   

Overview of In—Situ Biodegradation and Enhancement   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

DONG Jun  Anthony ADZOMANI  ZHAO Yongsheng 《东北亚地学研究》2002,(1)

Microbial degradation technologies have been developed to restore ground water quality in aquifers polluted by or-ganic contaminants effectively in recent years. However, in course of the degradation, the formation of biofilms in ground wa-ter remediation technology can be detrimental to the effectiveness of a ground water remediation project. Several alternatives are available to a remedial design engineer, such as Permeable Reactive Barriers (PRBs) and in -situ bioremediation, Hy-drogen Releasing Compounds (HRCs) barrier, Oxygen Releasing Compounds (ORCs) barrier etc. which are efficient and cost ?effective technologies. Excessive biomass formation renders a barrier ineffective in degrading the contaminants, Efforts are made to develop kinetics models which accurately determine bio - fouling and bio - film formation and to control excessive biomass formation.  相似文献   

Toxic hexavalent chromium reduction by Bacillus pumilis,Cellulosimicrobium cellulans and Exiguobacterium   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Fatima Rehman  Muhammad Faisal 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2015,33(3):585-589

Three bacterial strains B acillus pumilis,Cellulosimicrobium cellulans and Exiguobacterium were investigated when grown in Luria-Bertani(LB) medium at 500 μg/m L Cr(VI). The hexavalent chromium reduction was measured by growing the strains in De Leo and Ehrlich(1994) medium at 200 and 400 μg/m L K 2 Cr O 4. The optimal Cr(VI) reduction by strains B. pumilis,Exigubacterium and C. cellulans was 51%,39%,and 41%,respectively,at an initial K2 Cr O 4 concentration of 200 μg/m L at p H 3 and temperature 37°C. At an initial chromate concentration of 400 μg/m L,the Cr(VI) reduction by strains B. pumilis,Exigubacterium and C. cellulans was 24%,19%,and 18%,respectively at p H 3 at 37°C after 24 h. These strains have ability to reduce toxic hexavalent chromium to the less mobile trivalent chromium at a wide range of different environmental conditions and can be useful for the treatment of contaminated wastewater and soils.  相似文献   

对虾养殖池环境修复作用菌固定化的研究   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  

邹玉霞  辛福言  李秋芬  曲克明  袁有宪 《海洋科学》2004,28(8):5-8

为了将对虾养殖池环境修复作用菌Lt 7511投放到虾池底部降解有机污染物,并且不造成二次污染。以沸石作为固定化载体,研究了影响固定化的因素、固定化菌降解有机物的性质及保藏方法。结果表明,沸石在500℃灼烧2h可除去绝大部分吸附水分,增大表面积;固定化过程中沸石粒度、菌液的浓度及体积对沸石吸附作用菌的能力都有影响,每kg 60目沸石可吸附0．46g菌体(干质量);沸石固定化菌对饵料浸出液的降解效果明显高于非固定化菌;真空保藏的固定化菌的存活情况明显优于保藏在空气中的固定化菌。  相似文献   

In Situ Bioremediation of Toluene‐Polluted Vadose Zone: Integrated Column and Wetland Study     

Shreejita Basu  Brijesh Kumar Yadav  Shashi Mathur  Pankaj Kumar Gupta 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2020,48(5-6)

A vertical soil column setup integrated with wetlands is developed to study the biodegradation and transport of toluene, a light non‐aqueous phase liquid (LNAPL), in the subsurface environment. LNAPL‐contaminated water is applied to infiltrate from the top of the soil column. The observed and simulated breakthrough curves show high equilibrium concentration at top ports rather than at lower ports, indicating effective toluene biodegradation with soil depth. The observed equilibrium concentration of toluene is higher in the case of unplanted wetland, asserting an accelerated biodegradation rate in the planted case. A difference in the relative concentration of toluene between input and output fluxes at 100 h is found as 13.34% and 30.86% for planted and unplanted wetland setups, respectively. Estimated biodegradation rates show that toluene degradation is 2.5 times faster in the planted wetland setup. In addition, the difference in the observed bacterial count and dissolved oxygen prove that toluene degraded aerobically at a faster rate in the planted setup. Simulations show that as time reached 80–100 h, there is no significant change in concentration profile, thereby confirming the equilibrium condition. The results of this study will be useful to frame plant‐assisted bioremediation techniques for LNAPL‐contaminated soil–water resources in the field.  相似文献   

地下水污染生物处理方法研究综述   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

李家伦  孙菽芬  洪钟祥 《气候与环境研究》1998,3(2):151-157

全球一半以上的地下水资源受到污染。在各种地下水污染治理方法中,生物处理方法因其具有许多优点而受到科学家的推崇。此文就生物治量方法的有关研究进展及存在的问题进行综述。  相似文献   

丛枝菌根影响土壤-植物系统中重金属迁移转化和累积过程的机制及其生态应用   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6  

陈保冬  张莘  伍松林  李林凤 《岩矿测试》2019,38(1):1-25

丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)是在自然和农业生态系统中广泛存在的一类专性共生土壤微生物,能够与80%左右的陆地植物建立共生关系。AMF从宿主植物获取碳水化合物以维系自身生长;作为回报,AMF能够帮助植物从土壤中吸收矿质养分和水分。很多研究表明,AM共生体系对于植物适应各种逆境胁迫(如贫瘠、干旱、环境污染等)具有重要作用。在土壤重金属污染情况下,AMF能够通过多种途径影响植物对重金属的吸收、累积和解毒过程,并对植物产生保护效应。本文围绕AM对土壤-植物系统中重金属迁移、转化和累积过程的影响机制,系统评述了金属元素种类及污染程度、宿主植物和AMF种类,以及土壤理化性质等因素对AM植物吸收累积重金属的影响,并从AMF对土壤-植物系统中重金属行为的直接作用(包括菌丝吸收和固持,以及改变根际重金属形态等),及AMF改善植物矿质营养促进植物生长从而间接增强植物重金属耐性两方面讨论了AM增强植物重金属耐性的机理,系统总结了相关研究领域的前沿动态。最后,对菌根技术在农田和矿区重金属污染土壤生物修复中的应用前景进行了展望。  相似文献   

污泥的处置及利用技术探讨   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

查甫生  崔可锐  席培胜 《岩土力学》2008,29(Z1):555-558

污泥是污水处理厂污水处理的2次产物,如处理不当将会造成2次污染。随着人们环保意识的不断增强与环保力度的加大,如何有效地进行污泥的处治与处置已成为国内外环境岩土工程界函待解决的主要热点问题之一。在总结国内外相关文献资料的基础上,对国内外常用的污泥处置及利用技术进行总结与归纳,包括污泥的填埋、焚烧、农业利用、固化以及生物修复技术等,并对各种处置方法的适用性与优、缺点作出科学的分析与评价,可为污泥及污染土的处置及利用提供一定的参考作用。  相似文献   

Applicability and Limits of Bioremediation of Contaminated Groundwater by Organic Compounds     

Taboure Aboubacar  Lin Xueyu 《东北亚地学研究》2001,(1)

IntroductionDuring the past two decades much of the em-phasis in groundwater investigation and managementin industrialized countries has sllifted from problemsof groundwater supply to consideration of groundwa-ter quality. This new step is a direct reacti…  相似文献   

生物降解型消油剂处理燃料油对黄海胆（Glyptocidaris crenularis）胚胎发育的影响          下载免费PDF全文

高亚丽  朱睿  吕昕璐  高翔  杨柏林  熊德琪 《海洋科学进展》2014,32(4)

对比研究了120#燃料油在加入消油剂前后对黄海胆胚胎生长发育的影响。将黄海胆(Glyptocidaris crenularis)胚胎分别暴露于10个不同质量浓度的120#燃料油分散液和经消油剂处理后的乳化液中,对照组为海水空白,单独消油剂海水为内置空白组,暴露30min后,测定随石油烃剂量的变化与暴露时间改变黄海胆胚胎发育及生长速率变化的规律。结果显示,试验组中黄海胆胚胎发育时间明显滞后,与暴露浓度呈正相关,且乳化液试验组滞后更为显著。石油烃暴露对黄海胆胚胎的半抑制效应浓度(EC50)随发育时间的推移逐渐降低,不同发育时期段,乳化液的EC50值均比分散液小。研究结果表明,120#燃料油暴露能影响黄海胆胚胎发育,经生物型消油剂处理后,其毒性增大。  相似文献