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71.
We present a systematic analysis of the dynamical behavior introduced by fault zone heterogeneities, using a simple mass-spring model with velocity-weakening friction. The model consists of two sliding blocks coupled to each other and to a constant velocity driver by clastic springs. The state of this system can be characterized by the positions of the two blocks relative to the driver. Symmetry stabilizes the system and generates only cyclic behavior. For an asymmetric system where the frictional forces for the two blocks are not equal, the solutions exhibit chaotic behavior. The transition from stable cyclic behavior to chaos is characterized by the period-doubling route to chaos. Lyapunov exponents are computed to quantify the deterministic chaos and to locate the onset of the chaotic evolution in parameter space. In many examples of deterministic chaos, chaotic behavior of a low-order system implies chaos in similar higher order systems. Thus, our results provide substantial evidence that crustal deformation is an example of deterministic chaos. 相似文献
72.
植被区面积对局地气候影响的数值研究 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
用一个三维模式实施了5个数值试验,研究了植被覆盖与裸土之间的非均一性对局地气候的影响。结果指出:存在着一个最适宜的植被区面积S_c,当S=S_c,这种非均一性激发的上升运动最强,上升气流区的空间范围最大。 相似文献
73.
Power spectral characteristics of the seismic activities before and after the seven large earthquake — Haicheng, Tangshan,
Lancang, Longling, Mabian, Puer and Songpan are studied by spectrum analysis method. The results show that they all have continuous
power spectrum and aperiodic behaviour. When the time away from the large earthquake occurrence, the characteristics of the
seismic activities are obviously accompanied by stochastic components. About one year before main shock, the moving orbits
constructed by spectrum amplitudes showed the contracting tendency. And the properties during that time may display as flicker
noise. One’s another time almost mixed whole phase space. But the essence of seismic activities after main shocks is a chaotic
state accompanied with much noises.
The Chinese version of this paper appeared in the Chinese edition ofActa Seismologica Sinica,15, 276–281, 1993.
This subject is supported by the Chinese Joint Seismological Foundation. 相似文献
74.
75.
地质系统的复杂性--地质科学的基本问题(Ⅱ) 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
笔者根据其所提出的“地质作用与时空结构是一切地质现象的本质与核心”的自然哲学理念将地质科学的学科体系划分为地球物质的成分与结构、地质作用、地质学场与地质系统的演化等四大基本领域,它与9个重大基础地质问题以及与其相关的基础理论问题相对应(表2),笔者将其已发表的地质科学的复杂性理论“地质作用的临界过程动力学-地质系统在混沌边缘分形生长”应用于研究9个重大基础地质问题,着重对于其中所包含的主要基础理论问题的实质及其理论与研究方法作较深入而简要的剖析。目的是通过将地质系统的复杂性作为地质科学的基本问题的新视角对古老而常新的地质科学进行再认识,将重大基础地质问题的研究提高到非线性科学和复杂性理论的层次,并实现地质科学向精确科学的跨越,取得突破性进展。 相似文献
76.
於崇文 《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2002,21(2):103-113
笔将复杂性理论及非线性科学与矿床地质学相结合,对我国扬子古陆周缘6个矿集区的基本范式进行系统研究。结果指出,成矿系统总体上是开放、远离平衡、时-空延展的动力学系统。它们具有复杂性和自组织临界性的内禀基本属性,并且在混沌边缘分形生长。 相似文献
77.
F. Freistetter 《Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy》2000,78(1-4):211-225
The correlation dimension D
2 is used to develop a method of classification for phase space orbits. D
2 depends only on the mutual distances of the orbits points, therefore the time development of the orbit is reflected in the time development of the correlation dimension approximants. It is shown, that this technique allows to investigate the dynamical properties of a phase space orbit, a classification of chaotic and regular orbits and a detection of sticky orbits. 相似文献
78.
It is already known (Froeschlé, Lega and Gonczi, 1997) that the Fast Lyapunov Indicator (FLI), that is the computation on a relatively short time of the largest Lyapunov indicator, allows to discriminate between ordered and weak chaotic motion. We have found that, under certain conditions, the FLI also discriminates between resonant and non-resonant orbits, not only for two-dimensional symplectic mappings but also for higher dimensional ones. Using this indicator, we present an example of the Arnold web detection for four and six-dimensional symplectic maps. We show that this method allows to detect the global transition of the system from an exponentially stable Nekhoroshevs like regime to the diffusive Chirikovs one. 相似文献
79.
Evert Lagrou 《GeoJournal》2000,51(1-2):99-112
The paper describes the different capital city functions that are accomodated in Brussels. There are in fact five different capitals in Brussels in search of a place. Their locations are conditioned by Brussels' eventful history. The analysis subsequently focuses on the rather negative relation between the local public intellectuals and the city's European capital functions. The location of the European headquarters within the existing urban fabric – unlike Luxemburg and Strasbourg – has caused residential expulsion and further confrontations with the local community during all expansions.Brussels has the most politically decisive institutions. The competition with Luxemburg and Strasbourg has in the past given rise to dubious building processes and hidden agendas regarding the further construction of the necessary space for Europe.Unlike most other capitals Brussels has a low degree of esteem from its citizens. The After-May 68- Movement reacting initially against the CIAM-realisations during the 1970s, continues its activities up until today against two highly symbolic projects: the North Station area called the Manhattan Quarter and the European Headquarters. The movement launched the term Brusselization on the international forum and continues to promote the negative image of its city – notwithstanding the complete change of the official urban planning.The article is a plea for the integration of the actual one-sided advocacy planning within a more comprehensive urban planning approach where strong and soft functions are more in balance. This can also improve the quality of the new European campus now under consideration to accomodate the entry of the East European states in the Union. 相似文献
80.