乌鲁木齐雷暴天气的云图分析     

王旭  张巎  阿不里米提·塔西 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2002,25(1):24-25

通过对1997－1999年乌鲁木齐发生的11次雷暴天气的分析表明，雷暴天气发生于850hPa上反气旋环流的东南边缘的高能量区，雷暴云图由孤立的对流云图和锋面及涡旋云系中的对流云图发展而成，其形状不规则，生命史4－8h，当雷暴云图成熟时产生雷暴天气现象。  相似文献   

南疆地区降水云系的探讨     

王旭  吕新生  马禹 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2002,25(1):15-16

普查南疆1998－2000年3aGMS5静止卫星红外云图，共有192次云系影响南疆，分为5种类型，南疆云系出现的次数较少，常造成中弱以下降水天气，有云无降水的情况较多，并讨论了云系的TBB与降水之间的关系，冬季南疆阴雾天气在红外云图上其TBB值为－10℃的闭合中心。  相似文献   

北疆夏季两次冰雹天气过程的对比分析     

王健 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2002,25(2):13-14

北疆夏季两次冰雹天气过程的对比分析发现，充足的水汽、足够大的上升运动和不稳定的层结果冰雹天气出现的必备条件，而降雹的强弱则与对流云图的发展和强度有关。  相似文献   

南疆西部山区一次特大暴雨特征分析     

胡翠珍 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2002,25(3):9-11

通过对2001年9月22－23日南疆西北部山区特大暴雨的环流背景、物理量场、卫星云图分析，揭示了这场特大暴雨的物理机制和各要素场特征。  相似文献   

Soluble organic compounds in fog and cloud droplets: what have we learned over the past few years?     

Sandro Fuzzi  Maria Cristina Facchini  Stefano Decesari  Emanuela Matta  Mihaiela Mircea 《Atmospheric Research》2002,64(1-4)

We have recently set up a new procedure for characterising the water soluble organic compounds (WSOC) in fog water, for which information is still rather limited. Fog samples collected during the 1998–1999 fall–winter season in the Po Valley (Italy) were analysed following this procedure, which allows a quantitative determination of three main classes of organic compounds (neutral species, mono- and di-carboxylic acids, polycarboxylic acids), together accounting for ca. 85% of the total WSOC. This procedure also provides information on the main chemical characteristics of these three classes of compounds (functional groups, aliphatic vs. aromatic character, etc.). The enhanced chemical knowledge on fog/cloud chemical composition opens new scenarios as far as chemical and microphysical processes in clouds and fogs are concerned.  相似文献   

A multi-scale study on land use and land cover quality change: The case of the Yellow River Delta in China   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

Xuegong Xu  Honghai Guo  Xiaoling Chen  Huiping Lin  Qiaoling Du 《GeoJournal》2002,56(3):177-183

This paper presents a case study of the Yellow River Delta in China, to trace land use and land cover changes during the past 20 years, with an emphasis on land quality changes. Three sets of data are used in this case study: remote sensing data derived from satellite images; crop yield data from statistics; and soil data collected by the researchers in the field. Our study reveals that at the regional scale, LUCC has taken place in a positive direction: vegetation cover has been expanding and crop yields per hectare have been on rise. However, while the overall eco-environment has improved, the improvement is uneven across the Delta region. At local levels, some areas show signs of increased salinization and declining organic content. Both natural forces and human activities are responsible for the LUCC, but human activities play a more important role. While some impacts of human activities are positive, the damages are often long-lasting and irreversible. We also conclude that it is necessary to use both macro data (such as remote sensing data) and micro data (data collected in the field) to study land quality change. The former are efficient in examining land quality changes at the regional scale, the latter can serve to verify ground patterns revealed from macro data and help to identify local variations, so as to get a comprehensive understanding of LUCC and promote sustainable land use and land management. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

Structure and tectonic evolution of the Southern Eurasia Basin, Arctic Ocean   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Sergey B. Sekretov   《Tectonophysics》2002,351(3)

Multichannel seismic reflection data acquired by Marine Arctic Geological Expedition (MAGE) of Murmansk, Russia in 1990 provide the first view of the geological structure of the Arctic region between 77–80°N and 115–133°E, where the Eurasia Basin of the Arctic Ocean adjoins the passive-transform continental margin of the Laptev Sea. South of 80°N, the oceanic basement of the Eurasia Basin and continental basement of the Laptev Sea outer margin are covered by 1.5 to 8 km of sediments. Two structural sequences are distinguished in the sedimentary cover within the Laptev Sea outer margin and at the continent/ocean crust transition: the lower rift sequence, including mostly Upper Cretaceous to Lower Paleocene deposits, and the upper post-rift sequence, consisting of Cenozoic sediments. In the adjoining Eurasia Basin of the Arctic Ocean, the Cenozoic post-rift sequence consists of a few sedimentary successions deposited by several submarine fans. Based on the multichannel seismic reflection data, the structural pattern was determined and an isopach map of the sedimentary cover and tectonic zoning map were constructed. A location of the continent/ocean crust transition is tentatively defined. A buried continuation of the mid-ocean Gakkel Ridge is also detected. This study suggests that south of 78.5°N there was the cessation in the tectonic activity of the Gakkel Ridge Rift from 33–30 until 3–1 Ma and there was no sea-floor spreading in the southernmost part of the Eurasia Basin during the last 30–33 m.y. South of 78.5°N all oceanic crust of the Eurasia Basin near the continental margin of the Laptev Sea was formed from 56 to 33–30 Ma.  相似文献   

《CT理论与应用研究》杂志新刊标和地幔速度模型的说明     

《CT理论与应用研究》编辑部 《CT理论与应用研究》2002,11(1):48-51

在《ＣＴ理论与应用研究》杂志１９９４~２００１年本杂志“刊标”的基础上,在其上方增加了象征三维体视学成像的三角形四面体的透视图;该刊标的右下侧为医学断面成像扫描仪(包括各种Ｘ－ＣＴ机与核磁共振ＭＲＩ扫描仪等);其左下侧为三维地幔速度模型和地球核的示意图,切出有两个地幔剖面,表示纵波速度二维变化的剖面。该速度剖面系根据赵大鹏教授的理论和计算方法,按照地球上的两个大圆弧做计算和绘制的彩色图,排在本期封４:第一大圆弧,从北极经西巴基斯坦(２８°Ｎ, ６４°Ｅ)到马尔代夫群岛(３°Ｎ,７３°Ｅ);第二大圆弧从马尔代夫群岛点(３°Ｎ,７３°Ｅ)连接巴布新几内亚之南点(１２°Ｓ,１５０°Ｅ),来计算两剖面速度分布并作图的结果,其具体分布参见封４的两条彩色剖面和相应的地理位置图。由于赵教授这篇论文[１]在中国国内只有很少数图书馆收藏,在Ｅｌｓｅｖｉｅｒ Ｓｃｉｅｎｃｅ的ＥＰＳＬ网站上一般人只能查到摘要,本刊对于该地幔速度模型的制作方法和所用数据资料,该模型的优越性和特征进行了叙述,他所用的地震事件数目,多达７１２８个;用于层析反演成像的震相到时数多到近一百万条。该速度如下的特点:在所采用的速度结构中,包含用几个复杂形状的地质速度界面,如莫霍面,以及下沉板块的分界  相似文献   

西苕溪流域不同土地类型下氮元素输移过程   总被引：60，自引：3，他引：60  

梁涛  张秀梅  章申  于兴修  王浩 《地理学报》2002,57(4):389-396

以西苕溪流域为研究对象,选择最有代表性的5种土地类型,模拟天然大暴雨,通过3次重复实验研究不同形态氮素随暴雨径流及径流沉积物的迁移过程,估算氮素在流域内不同土地利用/土地覆被条件下的损失率。研究结果表明,在相同的降雨条件下,氮素的流失速率和流失量随土地利用/土地覆被类型的不同表现出明显差异,地表径流水相总氮的流失量桑林最大,水田最小。水相不同形态的氮素流失量亦有所不同,悬浮颗粒态氮占地表径流水相总氮的70 %~90 %,水相溶解态氮的流失量以松林为最高,竹林、桑林和水田接近而且较低,不同类型的水相溶解态氮也随土地利用类型的不同表现出各自的特征。各土地类型单位面积、表层10 cm土壤氮素流失高达4.66~9.40 g·m-2,其中随径流沉积物相迁移的氮素占绝大部分(90 % 以上)。估算出的各土地利用类型总氮流失速率,地表径流水相为2.68~14.48 mg·m-2·min-1,径流沉积物相高达100.01~172.67 mg·m-2·min-1。  相似文献   

云南省金沙江流域土壤流失方程研究   总被引：17，自引：2，他引：17  

杨子生 《山地学报》2002,(Z1)

云南金沙江流域是长江中上游水土流失最严重的区域。本项研究以“通用土壤流失方程”(USLE)为蓝本,运用小区实验等手段,综合分析了各个侵蚀因子,建立了云南金沙江流域土壤流失方程A=R·K·LS·c·P,并确定了方程中诸因子的求算方法和数值,以及该流域土壤允许流失量,为方程的应用提供了基本的技术数据。同时,还进行了方程的检验,方程计算值与小区实测值的相对误差在6.3％以下,表明该方程在实际应用中是可靠的。该方程的建立,可为云南金沙江流域预测预报土壤侵蚀,制定土地合理利用规划方案、水土保持措施和土地生态安全格局提供了一套可靠的科学方法和依据。  相似文献