基于同步风场的机载SAR海浪参数反演方法     

戈书睿  艾未华  袁凌峰  程玉鑫  马烁 《海洋科学》2016,40(11):138-147

针对机载合成孔径雷达(SAR)对海探测特点,采用多入射角法从SAR数据本身得到与海浪参数反演区域时空匹配的同步海面风速和风向,并结合线性变换关系,计算得到海浪初猜谱对应的仿真SAR图像谱,将仿真SAR图像谱和观测SAR图像谱输入代价函数中进行迭代运算,通过非线性方程的解算得到最适海浪谱;采用交叉谱法去除海浪传播180°方向模糊,最终得到海浪参数。论文提出的基于同步风场的机载SAR海浪参数反演方法,充分利用了机载SAR海洋环境探测的优势,解决了传统SAR海浪参数反演中初猜谱构造依赖外部风场的问题,机载同步飞行试验的海浪参数反演结果与浮标观测值的有效波高、波向的均方根误差分别为0.23 m和13.23°,验证了该方法的有效性,可为机载SAR海浪参数反演业务化提供支持。  相似文献   

反渗透海水淡化技术现状和展望     

高从堦  周勇  刘立芬 《海洋技术学报》2016,(1):1-14

反渗透膜技术于20世纪60年代取得突破性进展,促使反渗透海水淡化在近50年间高速发展,淡化产能自20世纪90年代起激增.海水反渗透(SWRO)淡化已成为目前投资最省、成本最低的利用海水制备饮用水的过程.文中主要对海水反渗透淡化的发展状况进行了介绍,如膜和组件的改进,关键设备高压泵和能量回收装置效率的提高,多种工艺过程的不断发展,包括预处理和后处理的新工艺,以及对环境的影响和相应对策等.反渗透技术的发展也推动了其他膜分离技术的进步,并扩展其应用领域.预计在不久的将来,膜技术在海水淡化和水再利用、扩大和保护水资源、循环经济、清洁生产、改造传统产业、节能减排及提高人民生活水平等方面发挥的作用会越来越显著.  相似文献   

考虑地球曲率影响的重力中间层校正计算及其精度分析     

张伟  廖国忠  孙涛  张秋冬 《大地测量与地球动力学》2016,36(5):391

介绍一种考虑地球曲率影响的“球冠模型” 重力中间层校正算法,并通过不同算例对比该算法与以往“圆柱体模型”算法之间的差值。结果表明,其差值的数量级最大可达0.4 mGal。  相似文献   

基于层次分析法的德州地面沉降易发区的可拓学划分应用          下载免费PDF全文

张永伟  李红霞  商婷婷  贾超  梁浩  杨亚宾 《山东国土资源》2016,32(7)

基于物元模型的可拓学理论分析,提出华北平原德州地面沉降易发区的可拓学划分方法。利用地面沉降易发性分级、分类标准和影响因子分析,构造出经典域物元和节域物元,应用物元和可拓集合中的关联函数,建立了易发性等级综合评判的可拓评价模型,通过基于层次分析法的可拓学评价分析,采用正方形等间距(2km×2km)剖分了135个网格,再将剖分单元转化成面元,经过等值差分,得到了地面沉降易发区划结果。计算结果显示,可拓学方法能够实现定量化、多因子评价地面沉降易发性等级问题,从而科学合理地指导地面沉降综合分区防治。  相似文献   

Where Are the Women? Accounting for Discrepancies in Female Doctorates in U.S. Geography     

David H. Kaplan  Jennifer E. Mapes 《The Professional geographer》2016,68(3):427-435

Although there have been noticeable improvements in recent years, geography continues to be a predominantly male discipline. The percentage of women receiving PhDs in geography has tracked lower than the U.S. average of female PhDs. Previous studies of women's contribution to geography have focused on personal accounts or on the study of some of the most prominent practitioners, with a few studies using basic data on PhDs awarded and Association of American Geographers membership to determine trends. This article provides a comprehensive overview of doctoral degrees in geography by gender, over time, and across all universities in the United States by examining an alternative database, that of doctoral dissertations. The analysis yields three separate types of results. First, historical and contemporary variations among U.S. universities are examined. Second, data indicate that male and female doctoral students differ in the sex of their advisor. Third, a simple regression model explains some of the discrepancies in the proportion of female doctoral students by department. In sum, this article provides a comprehensive empirical study of the factors that might contribute to the continued disparities in female doctoral students in geography.  相似文献   

山东曹县地区土壤地球化学特征          下载免费PDF全文

邱成贵  张桂林  王东平  张斌  毕征峰  张朋朋 《山东国土资源》2016,32(5)

山东省曹县地区土壤地球化学调查是按浅层土壤样品1点/4 km~2,深层土壤样品1点/16 km~2。测试N,P,K,Cu,Zn,B,Mo,Mn,F,As,Hg,Pb,Cr,Cd等14种指标。在统计这些指标的表层、深层土壤地球化学特征参数的基础上,对其与世界、全省同类参数的差异进行了分析,并分析了区内表层、深层土壤元素含量的相关性,认为该区表层土壤元素含量的显著特征是高F而低P,Zn,Mo。大部分元素在表层土壤中的含量继承了土壤母质的成分特征,但N,P,F,Hg等受人为活动和污染源的作用在表层土壤中明显富集。  相似文献   

黄铁矿ReOs法测年在胶东金矿中的应用初探          下载免费PDF全文

李洪奎  耿科  禚传源  梁太涛  张玉波 《山东国土资源》2016,32(4):1-6

该次工作为黄铁矿Re-Os法测年在胶东金矿中的首次应用。在大尹格庄金矿中获得了由3件黄铁矿样品组成的(144.8±1.8)Ma等时线年龄,暗示着大尹格庄金矿区可能存在一期晚侏罗世的Au成矿事件。通过对大尹格庄、夏甸、土堆金矿黄铁矿Re-Os同位素年代学的研究,表明黄铁矿的Re-Os同位素特征在胶东金矿中具有一定的复杂性。该文总结了影响黄铁矿Re-Os同位素测年结果的因素,认为在利用该方法进行金矿床定年时,应当将不同期次黄铁矿分别送样,适当拉大采样间距,并尽可能降低实验测试误差,以期获得更精确可靠的年龄。  相似文献   

New tectonic map of Northern-Central-Eastern Asia:Position and evolution of Mesozoic sedimentary basins     

《世界地质(英文版)》2016,(4):261-276

The beginning of the XXI century was marked a new rising of the international tectonic cartography as a result of analysis and synthesis of a huge volume of geological information obtained for the territory of Asia especially during the last 30 years. The previous tectonic maps for Asia were created in the 1960 s--1970 s of the last century. Since that time,the national geological surveys have compiled tectonic maps exclusively in the limits of their own state boundaries. The international cooperation of five countries since 2002( Russia,China,Mongolia,Kazakhstan and Republic of Korea) gave a unique possibility to join the data into a united cartographic form as Atlas of Geological Maps( since 2002-Atlas of Geological Maps of Central Asia and since 2007-Atlas of Geological Maps of Northern-Central-Eastern Asia). Both atlases include four maps: geological,tectonic,metallogenic,and energy resources. Tectonic Map of Northern-Central-Eastern Asia and Adjacent Areas at scale 1 ∶ 2 500 000 was the key map for further compilation of the metallogenic and energy resources( coal,oil and gas) maps. By this reason,special attention was given to showing the structure and composition of the Mesozoic sedimentary basins in Northern-Central- Eastern Asia as the most perspective structures for oil-and-gas and coal prospect.  相似文献   

北京密云放马峪基性岩墙群LA-MC-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄及其意义     

方同明  程新彬  刘鸿  孙永华  吴虎峻  魏波  王玮  丁望 《地质通报》2016,35(12):2076-2081

太古宙基性岩墙群在北京密云地区广泛分布,其年代学研究一直备受关注,多年来取得了一些数据,但对太古宙变质片麻岩控制作用未做论述。利用LA-MC-ICP-MS U-Pb同位素测定技术,测得放马峪石榴辉石岩中锆石的年龄为2497±15Ma,此年龄被解释为区内变质片麻岩成岩年龄应早于基性岩墙群成岩年龄,其为研究区内太古宙片麻岩成岩年龄提供了重要的参考数据。  相似文献   

西藏白朗南部地区三叠纪地层沉积环境及物源     

程俊  石卫刚  翟杰  李海波  刘江华 《地质通报》2016,35(9):1472-1478

综合露头剖面、砂岩碎屑组分、地球化学、阴极发光等资料的研究,对西藏白朗地区南部三叠系沉积环境及物源开展了研究。该区三叠纪地层以灰黑色泥岩、浅灰白色石英砂岩、长石石英砂岩、灰色灰岩为主,沉积背景为拉轨岗日被动陆缘盆地的浅海-半深海环境。碎屑岩及其地球化学分析结果反映,物源总体来自克拉通内部。阴极发光结果表明,物源区石英主要为变质成因,次为火成岩成因。综合判定,研究区该套地层为下—中三叠统吕村组和上三叠统涅如组,物源区来自南部高喜马拉雅基底杂岩带。  相似文献