全文获取类型
收费全文 | 4863篇 |
免费 | 833篇 |
国内免费 | 1211篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 613篇 |
大气科学 | 1135篇 |
地球物理 | 912篇 |
地质学 | 2663篇 |
海洋学 | 499篇 |
天文学 | 179篇 |
综合类 | 278篇 |
自然地理 | 628篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 21篇 |
2023年 | 71篇 |
2022年 | 101篇 |
2021年 | 154篇 |
2020年 | 165篇 |
2019年 | 239篇 |
2018年 | 129篇 |
2017年 | 216篇 |
2016年 | 239篇 |
2015年 | 267篇 |
2014年 | 329篇 |
2013年 | 312篇 |
2012年 | 266篇 |
2011年 | 300篇 |
2010年 | 250篇 |
2009年 | 299篇 |
2008年 | 299篇 |
2007年 | 384篇 |
2006年 | 312篇 |
2005年 | 284篇 |
2004年 | 259篇 |
2003年 | 229篇 |
2002年 | 225篇 |
2001年 | 188篇 |
2000年 | 194篇 |
1999年 | 177篇 |
1998年 | 169篇 |
1997年 | 161篇 |
1996年 | 116篇 |
1995年 | 78篇 |
1994年 | 84篇 |
1993年 | 89篇 |
1992年 | 66篇 |
1991年 | 54篇 |
1990年 | 35篇 |
1989年 | 39篇 |
1988年 | 34篇 |
1987年 | 14篇 |
1986年 | 15篇 |
1985年 | 7篇 |
1984年 | 8篇 |
1983年 | 8篇 |
1982年 | 6篇 |
1981年 | 2篇 |
1980年 | 3篇 |
1979年 | 3篇 |
1978年 | 6篇 |
1977年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有6907条查询结果,搜索用时 437 毫秒
11.
12.
Participation in payments for ecosystem services: Case studies from the Lacandon rainforest, Mexico 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Understanding people’s willingness to participate in projects and programmes of payments for ecosystem services (PES) has not been a key analytical concern of the scholarly literature around this new field of environmental policy and practice. This paper analyses participation in four communities benefiting from payments for biodiversity and carbon fixation in Mexico, and contrasts the results for each case with neighbouring communities that do not receive payments. We take a holistic approach that accounts for procedural rules, actors’ interactions, institutions and values, and individuals’ characteristics. We show that the nature of PES rules and the effectiveness of communication with government officers and NGOs influence resource managers’ ability and willingness to participate. We highlight community size, resource managers’ ability to diversify livelihood activities and local perspectives on the conservation of common forests, particularly sacred values and intergenerational concerns on forest conservation, as critical participation drivers. This analysis provides insights on why and how these new institutions may be attractive for some resource managers and permits to draw some recommendations for the future design of PES projects and programmes. 相似文献
13.
In this study, households’ decisions on reconstruction of damaged houses were modeled, using questionnaire data in Japan.
Characteristics of households’ decisions were investigated using parameter estimation results. The effects of subsidizing
policy were evaluated as follows. First, subsidy for rebuilding may be effective for the households whose houses were heavily
damaged. Second, there is a possibility that subsidy accelerated rebuilding of houses by the households having children. Third,
subsidy for rebuilding may not be effective for elderly people’s households and households in depopulated areas. 相似文献
14.
运用源控含油气系统理论与综合分析技术,按成藏“层次分析”方法,通过对生、储、盖、圈(闭)静态要素及其内生、排、运、聚、散(失)动态过程的综合研究,对松辽盆地中央坳陷的三肇凹陷葡萄花油层成藏条件进行探讨,提出了以次级凹陷为中心、不同类型的油气聚集带紧邻并围绕次级凹陷最低部位呈环带状分布的大型凹陷内成藏模式,并进一步提出永乐次级凹陷中心及其三级聚油环带及徐家围子次级凹陷以西为"网式"运聚特征;在凹陷级成藏模式的指导下,通过对大面积密井网开发区综合解剖,提出三级构造带中单个的局部构造圈闭(群)、单个的(局部构造——)岩性圈闭(群)控油和成藏规律,为认识本区基本控油单元、油水分布规律、油气勘探及扩大新探区提供重要的理论依据。 相似文献
15.
Two algorithms for in-situ detection and identification of vertical free convective and double-diffusive flows in groundwater
monitoring wells or boreholes are proposed. With one algorithm the causes (driving forces) and with the other one the effects
(convection or double-diffusion) of vertical transport processes can be detected based on geophysical borehole measurements
in the water column. Five density-driven flow processes are identified: thermal, solutal, and thermosolutal convection leading
to an equalization, as well as saltfingers and diffusive layering leading to an intensification of a vertical density gradient.
The occurrence of density-driven transport processes could be proven in many groundwater monitoring wells and boreholes; especially
shallow sections of boreholes or groundwater monitoring wells are affected dramatically by such vertical flows. Deep sections
are also impaired as the critical threshold for the onset of a density-driven flow is considerably low. In monitoring wells
or boreholes, several sections with different types of density-driven vertical flows may exist at the same time. Results from
experimental investigations in a medium-scale testing facility with high aspect ratio (height/radius = 19) and from numerical
modeling of a water column agree well with paramters of in-situ detected convection cells. 相似文献
16.
17.
使用1979年1月至1984年12月向外长波辐射(OLR)资料,对热带地区积云对流的长期变化特征进行了研究。结果表明:热带地区积云对流活动存在显著的季节变化,冬季积云对流区主要是东西向,位于南印度洋和西太平洋的近赤道地区;夏季则北移至北印度洋和菲律宾附近的西太平洋地区。低纬地区积云对流活动存在明显的季节性位移,北印度洋地区的积云对流活动主要集中在5—10月,7—8月位置最北;北半球热带西太平洋地区的积云对流活动则主要集中在6—11月,8—9月位置最北。标准差分析表明,冬季北半球热带西太平洋、赤道中太平洋及热带印度洋东部地区积云对流的年际变化最明显。经验正交函数(EOF)分析的主要空间型反映了赤道中太平洋、热带西太平洋、阿拉伯海和副热带西太平洋地区的积云对流活动存在一定的关系。结合遥相关计算还表明秋云对流存在4种遥相关型,即2种东西向偶极型涛动型、西太平洋型和北印度洋型。 相似文献
18.
This study is devoted to oceanographic features of the semi-enclosed Gulf of Aqaba, Red Sea. The data were recorded in winter—spring
1999 on the R/V Meteor cruise leg 44/2. Temperature and salinity profiles were measured at six positions (I—VI). The shipboard
NarrowBand Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (NB ADCP) 150 kHz continuously recorded current profiles down to 350 m en route.
The research revealed that the current near the Strait of Tiran front (position VI) represents a semidiurnal signal of an
internal tide wave (∼12 h period; 0.2 ms−1 amplitude) that might be generated by the barotropic tide at the sill of the Strait. A sequence of cyclonic and anticyclonic
eddy pairs is found along the axis of the Gulf of Aqaba during winter-spring seasons. These sub-mesoscale signals are dominant
above the main thermocline and might be caused by wind forcing and the narrowness of the Gulf; it might remain in other seasons
with different dimensions in relation to the depth of thermocline. The total diameter of each pair was twice the baroclinic
Rossby radius (R ≈ 10 km). A single anti-cyclonic eddy was observed in the upper 300 m in the northern tip of the Gulf with a diameter of
about 5–8 km. 相似文献
19.
20.
The illegal plundering of fishing stocks worldwide is masked behind a maze of corporate structures that makes discovery of the beneficiaries of such activity, difficult, if not impossible to identify. This paper outlines the problem of illegal fishing and then develops a multi-layered response to avert the veil of corporate entity being used as a means of preventing domestic States from answering the principal thematic question—who is the true beneficiary of this illegal behaviour, and who should be held responsible. 相似文献