汶川县南沟滑坡与防治     

李东风 《四川地质学报》1992,(4)

滑坡位于汶川县城关镇南沟,属深层牵引式土质滑坡。该滑坡正处于活动期,一旦大规模活动,将危及县政府等几十个机关、学校和居民的安全,给数千人的生命、财产带来极大的损失。本文提出了筑坝、排水、封山育林等具体防治方案和措施。  相似文献   

Spatial averaging of hydraulic conductivity in three-dimensional heterogeneous porous media   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

A. J. Desbarats 《Mathematical Geology》1992,24(3):249-267

Numerical models of groundwater flow require the assignment of hydraulic conductivities to large grid blocks discretizing the flow domain; however, conductivity data is usually available only at the much smaller scale of core samples. This paper describes a geostatistical model for hydraulic conductivity at both the core or point scale and that of grid blocks. Conductivity at the block scale is obtained empirically as a spatial power-average of point scale values. Assuming a multivariate Gaussian model for point log-conductivity, expressions are derived for the ensemble mean and variance of block conductivity. The expression for the ensemble mean of block scale conductivity is found to be similar to an expression for the ensemble effective conductivity of an infinite field derived analytically by earlier authors. Here, block conductivities obtained by power averaging are compared with effective conductivities obtained from a numerical flow model and are found to be in excellent agreement for a suitably chosen averaging exponent. This agreement deteriorates gradually as the log variance of conductivity increases beyond 2. For arbitrary flow field geometry and anisotropic conductivity covariances, the averaging exponent can be calibrated by recourse to numerical flow experiments. For cubic fields and an isotropic spatial covariance, the averaging exponent is found to be 1/3. In this particular case, it was found that flow field discretization at the block scale through local averaging of point conductivities gave similar results to those obtained directly using a point scale discretization of the flow field.  相似文献   

长江中下游汛期降水空间型及其与太平洋海温的关系   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

卢文芳 《水科学进展》1992,3(2):104-111

用因子分析及方差最大原则下的正交旋转技术,计算并识别长江中下游汛期(5～9月)降水场的四个空间高载荷区及相对应的因子得分系数.它们的空间、时间变化,反映了长江中下游区域的实际降水特点.赤道东太平洋海温、区域平均海温及ENSO事件都与高载荷区的汛期降水有一定的联系,所得结果可作为汛期降水短期气候预报的参考因子.  相似文献   

工业区与非工业区辐射雾水的化学组成   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

黄玉生  郭慧光等 《地理学报》1992,47(1):66-73

1988年冬季，你们对云南省安宁工业区和西双版纳非工业区雾水进行采集，工业区雾水混浊肮脏，含有大量固体颗粒，雾水中离子浓度值与附近工厂排向大气的污染物有关，但雾水酸度值并不高。非工业区雾水比较清洁，雾水中离子浓度值平均比工业区低一个数量级。本文还讨论了一个雾过程离子浓度变化与温度层结的关系。  相似文献   

内蒙古通辽市科尔沁区土壤硒地球化学特征   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

杨立国  马志超  王鑫 《地质与资源》1992,28(4):383-388

对通辽市科尔沁区土壤与农作物中硒元素地球化学特征及影响因素的系统研究显示，研究区土壤硒含量水平普遍较低，且空间分布不均，仅局部达到足硒水平.硒元素主要富集在表层土壤中，且与有机碳、Al₂O₃、TFe₂O₃、Mn、P等呈正相关关系，表明土壤中有机碳、黏土矿物、铁锰氧化物对硒元素地球化学行为有重要影响.研究区土壤呈碱性至强碱性，富硒农作物并不严格产出在富硒土壤中.因此，开发富硒农产品要综合考虑土壤硒含量、土壤有效态硒含量、农作物硒含量、土壤理化性质及地理景观等因素.  相似文献   

东梁矿区沙四,三段干酪根的热解气相色谱研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

蔡云开 《地球科学》1992,17(4):411-419

  相似文献   

A　Coupled　General　Circulation　Model　for　the　Tropical　Pacific　Ocean　and　Global　Atmosphere   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Zhang Ronghu  Zeng Qingcun  Zhou Guangqing  Liang Xinzhong 《大气科学进展》1995,12(2):127-142

On the basis of Zeng’s theoretical design, a coupled general circulation model (CGCM) is developed with its characteristics different from other CGCMs such as the unified vertical coordinates and subtraction of the standard stratification for both atmosphere and ocean, available energy consideration, and so on. The oceanic component is a free surface tropical Pacific Ocean GCM between 30oN and 30oS with horizontal grid spacing of 1o in latitude and 2o in longitude, and with 14 vertical layers. The atmospheric component it a global GCM with low-resolution of 4o in latitude and 5o in longitude, and two layers or equal man in the vertical between the surface and 200 hPa. The atmospheric GCM includes comprehensive physical processes. The coupled model is subjected to seasonally-varying cycle. Several coupling experiments, ranging from straight forward coupling without flux correction to one with flux correction, and to so-called predictor-corrector monthly coupling (PCMC), are conducted to show the existence and final controlling of the climate drift in the coupled system. After removing the climate drift with the PCMC scheme, the coupled model is integrated for more than twenty years. The results show reasonable simulations of the annual mean and its seasonal cycle of the atmospheric and oceanic circulation. The model also produces the coherent interannual variations of the climate system, manifesting the observed El Ni?o / Southern Oscillation (ENSO).  相似文献   

青藏高原地面热力异常对夏季江淮流域持续暴雨形成作用的数值试验   总被引：22，自引：1，他引：22  

章基嘉  徐祥德  苗峻峰 《大气科学》1995,19(3):270-276

本文采用OSU-AGCM大气环流模式，对青藏高原下垫面热力异常与夏季江淮流域暴雨形成的关系进行了数值试验。模拟结果表明，青藏高原下垫面热力状况的异常对东亚环流形势及云量分布异常的影响是形成1991年夏季江淮流域持续性降水的重要原因之一。青藏高原异常热力强迫还可以引起大范围云量的异常分布和云量异常区类似于二维Rossby波列没大圆路径传播的特征。  相似文献   

陕甘宁半干旱区特大降水的环流特征     

夏建平  李云 《干旱气象》1995,(4)

分析陕甘宁半干旱区特大降水的环流特征及其与一般大、暴雨的环流差异，指出中低纬系统相互作用和下游系统阻挡是产生特大降水的重要条件。热带气旋北上时，存在第二类间接作用，不仅在东风急流下游能出现倒槽暴雨，还有利于热带气旋下游的副热带高压另一侧产生特大降水。  相似文献   

VENTILATION FLOW IN A BAROCLINIC VORTEX RELATED TO TROPICAL CYCLONE MOTION   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

田永祥 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》1995,(3)

The tropical cyclone motion is numerically simulated with a quasi-geostrophic baroclinic model.The flow field of a tropical cyclone is decomposed into its axisymmetric and asymmetric components.The relation between the ventilation flow vector and the motion vector of the tropical cyclone is inves-tigated.The results of numerical experiments indicate:(1) There are both large-scale beta gyres andsmall-scale gyres in the asyrnmetric flow field.(2) The interaction between small-scale gyres andlarge-scale beta gyres leads to the oscillation of translation speed and translation direction for the tropi-cal cyclone.(3) There are the large deviations between the ventilation flow vector calculated bymeans of Fiorino and Elsberry's method and the motion vector of tropical cyclone.(4) The ventila-tion flow vector computed using the improved method closely correlates with the motion vector of thetropical cyclone.  相似文献