Research on the dynamics of the South China Sea opening:Evidence from analogue modeling   总被引：15，自引：1，他引：15  

SUN Zhen  ZHOU Di  ZHONG Zhihong  XIA Bin  QIU Xuelin  ZENG Zuoxun  JIANG Jianqun 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2006,49(10):1053-1069

Independent of Indochina extrusion, the South China Sea experienced a process from passive continental rifting to marginal sea drifting. According to the fault patterns in the Beibu Gulf basin and the Pearl River Mouth basin, the continental rifting and early spreading stage from 32 to 26 Ma were controlled by extensional stress field, which shifted clockwise from southeastward to south southeastward. From 24 Ma on, the sea spread in NW-SE direction and ceased spreading at around 15.5 Ma. Integrated geological information with the assumption that the South China Sea developed along a pre-Cenozoic weakness zone, we did analogue experiments on the South China Sea evolu- tion. Experiments revealed that the pre-existing weakness zone goes roughly along the uplift zone between the present Zhu-1 and Zhu-2 depression. The pre-existing weakness zone is composed of three segments trending NNE, roughly EW and NEE, respectively. The early opening of the South China Sea is accompanied with roughly 15° clockwise rotation, while the SE sub-sea basin opened with SE extension. Tinjar fault was the western boundary of the Nansha block (Dangerous Ground), while Lupar fault was the eastern boundary of the Indochina, NW-trending rift belt known as Zengmu basin developed between above two faults due to block divergent of Indochina from Nansha. In the experiment, transtensional flower structures along NW-trending faults are seen, and slight inversion occurs along some NE-dipping faults. The existence of rigid massifs changed the orientations of some faults and rift belt, and also led to deformation concentrate around the massifs. The rifting and drifting of the South China Sea might be caused by slab pull from the proto South China Sea subducting toward Borneo and/or mantle flow caused by India-Asia collision.  相似文献   

南疆铁路沿线风沙危害与工程防治   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

王锡来  张登绪  蒋育华  蒋富强  李舟 《中国地质灾害与防治学报》2007,18(1):59-63

文章通过对南疆铁路沿线的概况、地质地貌、植被分布及气象状况,特别是风信状况的调查,阐明了沿线的自然状况。20世纪90年代,研究工作者在沿线风沙活动最为剧烈的巴楚地区设置定位观测站,对典型的活动沙丘特征进行观测,获得了沙丘移动的定量数据。同时在各种类型典型戈壁地段,设置积沙仪,在不同的风速情况下收集动态流沙,总结出当地的输沙率公式,为风沙防护提供了直接的设计依据。通过对各种工程防治措施的调查研究、特别是新材料试验,归纳出各种工程防沙结构的功能效果,提出适宜当地条件的新工程防沙结构模式。  相似文献   

大牛地气田水平井通井卡钻处理          下载免费PDF全文

孙庆春  赵利锋  刘涛 《探矿工程》2015,42(9):34-37

卡钻的处理方法主要有：通过施加外力如上提、下放钻具转动转盘使钻具恢复自由状态;通过调整钻井液性能、打稠塞、注酸、注解卡剂、反循环等方法使被卡钻具与井壁之间的填充物转移或者破坏;通过反丝钻具打捞甚至套铣起出被卡钻具。大牛地气田DPT-305水平井通井过程中发生一起严重的卡钻事故。通过重浆+清扫液、注酸、注解卡剂、环空憋压等方法处理被卡钻具与井壁之间的填充物;通过固定转盘上下活动来对被卡钻具施加扭矩;倒扣等方式处理这起卡钻事故,最终解卡。总结了事故的成因,分析了处理过程的得失,为以后处理此类事故积累了经验。  相似文献   

卫星跟踪浮标和卫星遥感海面高度中的南海涡旋结构   总被引：9，自引：2，他引：9  

贺志刚  王东晓  陈举  胡建宇 《热带海洋学报》2001,20(1):27-35

选择4个南海卫星跟踪Argos漂流浮标及同期的TOPEX／Poseidon卫星遥感海面高度资料，研究了南海海域涡旋的活动及空间结构。这4个Argos漂流浮标的轨迹除了基本符合各季节海盆尺度环流趋势外，分别在菲律 宾以西、越南外海、南海中部等海域呈现出中尺度旋转轨迹。这些尺度涡旋现象在同期的TOPEX卫星遥感海面高度异常（SSHA）分布中得到了准确印证，并在诊断得到的地转流场中对应了一系列瞬变的中尺度涡旋运动。  相似文献   

Altered Benthic Prey-Availability Due to Episodic Oxygen Deficiency Caused by Drifting Algal Mats   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

Alf  Norkko Erik  Bonsdorff 《Marine Ecology》1996,17(1-3):355-372

Abstract. Large quantities of drifting algal mats have become a common phenomenon on shallow sandy bottoms in the northern Baltic Sea. A decomposing algal mat rapidly induces hypoxic or anoxic conditions in the underlying sediment and interferes with the normal living-mode of the benthos, i.e., mobility, feeding, and predator-prey relationships. Field surveys have shown that bivalves, such as Macoma balthica , avoid the unfavourable anoxic conditions by emerging at the sediment surface. Due to low reburrowing rates these bivalves are exposed to epibenthic predators once the drift algae disperse. A series of aquarium experiments were conducted to test for differences in the survival of M. balthica when exposed to continuous predation without prior stress and short-term predation after hypoxic stress induced by algae (= 20% 02-saturation). Sublethally stressed adult M. balthica , that normally are outside the size-range of the isopod predator Saduria entomon , became significantly more susceptible to predation when lying exposed at the sediment surface. The same effects were found with two other predators, the brown-shrimp Crangon crungon and the flounder Platichthysflesus . Drift algal mats induced an escape-reaction in the infauna more rapidly than mere hypoxia. This response is affected by temperature. which further underlines the importance of drift algae influencing prey availability. This paper discusses the role of the drift algae as a regulating factor for the infauna and demonstrates the importance of external structuring factors, such as hypoxic stress and algal mats, on predator-prey interactions.  相似文献   

塔里木沙漠公路防护林土壤环境因子的根际效应     

靳正忠  王永东  雷加强  李生宇  徐新文 《中国沙漠》2018,38(4):808-814

选取塔里木沙漠公路防护林不同定植年限下3种灌木的根际和非根际土,比较研究了土壤物理、化学、生物因子的根际效应。结果表明：（1）除全氮和全磷外,20种土壤因子在3灌木根际土间差异极显著;（2）根际土的容重、全盐含量、有机质含量、全氮含量、速效氮磷钾含量、微生物代谢活性、脂肪酸含量和DNA片段多样性、微生物生物量碳氮磷和6种酶活性在不同年限林地间的差异极显著;（3）全氮含量、速效氮磷钾含量、微生物代谢活性、DNA片段多样性、微生物量碳和磷、纤维素酶和磷酸酶活性在不同树种与年限的交互效应上差异极显著;（4）微生物生物量碳氮磷的根际效应大小为柽柳 > 沙拐枣 > 梭梭,而不同树种各土壤养分因子和酶活性的根际效应大小并不一致。可见,几种荒漠灌木的定植促进了土壤养分转化,加速了沙漠防护林土壤的发育进程。  相似文献   

卫星导航定位系统时间同步技术   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

王淑芳  王礼亮 《全球定位系统》2005,30(2):10-14

卫星导航定位系统测距的基础是测时,而定轨和定位的前提是各观测量的时间同步,因此,时间同步是卫星导航定位系统建设的关键。卫星导航定位系统中时间同步技术包括卫星与地面(星-地)和地面站间(地-地)的时间同步,主要时间同步方法有用于星-地时间同步的双向时间频率传递法(TWSTFT)、倒定位法等,以及用于地-地时间同步的TWSTFT、卫星共视法、搬运钟法等。本文重点介绍TWSTFT和卫星共视法进行时间同步的基本原理、精度分析和卫星导航定位系统的钟差预报。  相似文献   

塔里木沙漠公路风沙危害评估指标体系   总被引：11，自引：2，他引：9  

王雪芹  雷加强 《干旱区地理》1999,22(1):81-87

本文通过对塔里木沙漠公路沿线风沙危害环境的综合分析,提出了沙漠公路风沙危害程度的评估指标和评估方法,并对不同程度公路沙害的空间分布特征作了概括。  相似文献   

20世纪地球科学的发展   总被引：15，自引：9，他引：6  

刘光鼎 《地球物理学进展》2000,15(2):1-6

20世纪地球科学经历了大陆漂移、海底扩张和岩石层板块大地构造的发展过程 ,通过研究的深化和认识的更新 ,使得许多孤立的地质现象进一步得到规律性的认识 .岩石层板块大地构造理论的基本内涵是活动论 ,查清地球的形成和演化历史 ,才能更深刻地认识它  相似文献   

Spreading of river water in Suruga Bay     

Kiyoshi Tanaka  Yutaka Michida  Teruhisa Komatsu  Kenji Ishigami 《Journal of Oceanography》2009,65(2):165-177

We have investigated the spreading of river water in Suruga Bay by performing numerical experiments and conducting field surveys with drifting buoys. There are clear seasonal variations in the large river discharges into the bay: increased discharge in the rainy summer season and decreased discharge in the dry winter season. The numerical model reproduces the main feature that has been observed in the actual sea: the river water extends gradually from the northwestern to the southeastern regions in the bay, especially in summer. The river water spreading is greatly influenced by the bottom topography of the bay: the Fuji River water spreads over a deep continental slope as a surface-advected plume and extends well offshore, since a large bulge (anticyclonic eddy at the river mouth) extends well offshore and effectively transports the river water offshore. On the other hand, the Oi River water tends to flow parallel to isobaths (along a coastline) on a shallow continental shelf as a bottomadvected plume. Moreover, the influences of seasonal variations in the stratification and a bay-scale, wind-driven circulation are also investigated. Trajectories of the drifting buoys, which were released around the Fuji River mouth, certainly suggest that the bulge exists there.  相似文献