Surface energy partitioning and evapotranspiration over a double‐cropping paddy field in Bangladesh     

Md. Shahadat Hossen  Masayoshi Mano  Akira Miyata  Md. Abdul Baten  Tetsuya Hiyama 《水文研究》2012,26(9):1311-1320

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Numerical Simulation of Self-Excited and Forced Vibrating Circular Cylinders in Current     

何长江  段忠东  欧进萍 《海洋工程》2010,(1):135-144

Numerical simulations of a low-mass-damping circular cylinder which can oscillate freely at transverse and streamwise directions are presented in this work. The Navier-Stokes equations are solved with finite volume method, and large eddy simulation of vortex is also performed in the calculation. In order to implement dynamic mesh, overlapping grids are generated to lessen the computation for mesh field itself. Self-excited vibrations are firstly calculated to obtain the average amplitudes and frequencies of the target circular cylinder in the current flow situation, and then forced oscillations are implemented with parameters obtained in vortex-induced vibrations previously. With slight amplitude modulation, time series of displacements in vortex-induced vibrations are essentially harmonic. Regarding the fluid force, which are larger in forced oscillations than those in corresponding self-excited cases because the fluid subtracts energy from the forced cylinders. The phase angles between forces and displacements are 0o and 180o for self-excited case and forced case respectively. In vortex-induced vibrations, the interactions between fluid and structure produce some weakly energetic vortices which induce the modulations of amplitude and frequency.  相似文献   

不同天气系统影响下块体动力学法计算海气通量的误差估计     

贺赟  孙即霖  黄健  石强 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2010,(Z1)

本文利用2006年3~5月珠江口的海气热通量观测资料,结合NCEP再分析资料,分析了块体动力学在不同天气系统影响下计算海气热通量的特点,以及相对较准确的涡旋相关法的相对误差估计。结果表明,在海面为相对低压控制区域时,块体动力学计算的通量异常偏低,相对误差约为潜热通量95.8%;感热通量205.8%;在高压控制下,计算有所高估,相对误差约为潜热通量275.6%;感热通量156%。因此,利用块体法计算海气通量时,应注意根据不同天气系统特点对块体通量系数进行调整。  相似文献   

Zooplankton community structure in a cyclonic and mode-water eddy in the Sargasso Sea   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Bethany R. Eden  Deborah K. Steinberg  Sarah A. Goldthwait  Dennis J. McGillicuddy Jr. 《Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers》2009,56(10):1757-1776

Mesoscale eddies are important suppliers of nutrients to the surface waters of oligotrophic gyres, but little is known about the biological response, particularly that of higher trophic levels, to these physical perturbations. During the summers of 2004 and 2005, we followed the development of a cyclonic eddy and an anti-cyclonic mode-water eddy in the Sargasso Sea. Zooplankton (>150 μm) were collected across both eddies in 9 discrete depth intervals between 0 and 700 m. Comparison of the abundance of major taxa of mesozooplankton in the upper 150 m at eddy center and outside the eddies (day and night) indicated that the cyclone and mode-water eddy supported similar mesozooplankton communities, with several taxa significantly higher in abundance inside than outside the eddies, when compared with the Bermuda Atlantic Time-series Study site as representative of mean conditions. In both eddies copepod peak abundance occurred in the 50-100 m depth interval, coincident with the chlorophyll a maximum, suggesting elevated food concentration in the eddies may have influenced zooplankton vertical distribution. The two eddies differed in the strength of diel vertical migration of zooplankton, as indicated by the ratio of night:day abundance in the epipelagic zone, which was higher at the center of the mode-water eddy for most taxa. Over the sampling interval of 1-2 months, abundance of the three most common taxa (copepods, chaetognaths, and ostracods) decreased in the cyclone and increased in the mode-water eddy. This further supports previous findings that over the sampling period the cyclone was in a decay phase, while the mode-water eddy was sustaining nutrient fluxes and high phytoplankton concentrations. A more detailed analysis of community structure in the mode-water eddy indicated the 0-700 m integrated abundance of doliolids was significantly higher inside the mode-water eddy than outside. The presence of a mesopelagic (200-700 m) layer of lepadid barnacle cyprids in this eddy highlights the potential of eddies to transport and disperse biota. We conclude that when compared with average ambient conditions (as measured at BATS), mesoscale eddies can influence zooplankton behavior and alter zooplankton community structure which can affect food-web interactions and biogeochemical cycling in the open ocean.  相似文献   

导流叶片在单向流下的三维水流数值模拟     

陶建福  李瑞杰 《海洋湖沼通报》2009,(2)

利用三维水流数值模型对单向流下导流叶片对流场的影响情况进行了模拟与分析可知,计算值与实测值吻合较好,结果表明本文采用的模型能较好地解决复杂的紊流场;并通过水槽水平切面流场的分析可知在导流叶片附近存在一个逆时针漩涡,这个漩涡是造成导流叶片附近泥沙发生局部冲刷的主要原因.  相似文献   

Assimilation of historical SST data for long-term ENSO retrospective forecasts     

Xiaobing Zhou  Youmin Tang  Ziwang Deng 《Ocean Modelling》2009,30(2-3):143-154

In this study, the assimilation of historic SST (sea surface temperature) data was performed for long-term ENSO hindcasts. The emphasis was placed on the design of background error covariance (BEC) that dominates the transfer of SST information to the subsurface. Four different data-assimilation schemes, based on Optimal Interpolation (OI) algorithm, were proposed, and compared in terms of ENSO simulation and prediction skills for the period from 1876 to 2000.It was found that the data-assimilation scheme that has a three-dimensional BEC constructed from model simulations forced by observed wind stress can effectively correct the second-layer temperature in the SST assimilation and lead to the best ENSO prediction skill. Further analysis for the long-term hindcasts shows that the prediction skills have a striking decadal/interdecadal variability similar to that found in other models. These results provide a fundamental basis for the further study of ENSO predictability.  相似文献   

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郭充  吕志平  于兴超  徐基刚 《大地测量与地球动力学》2009,29(4):135-139

2000???????????(CGCS2000)????????????????????????????????????о????н??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????Bursa??????????????????н???в??????????????????????????????????в?????????????Э???????????????溯?????????????????????????????в????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????Ч????????в??????????????в??????????С??????????y??????????  相似文献   

Dynamical analysis of mesoscale eddy-induced ocean internal waves using linear theories   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

XU Qing  ZHENG Quanan  LIN Hui  LIU Yuguang  SONG Y Tony  YUAN Yeli 《海洋学报(英文版)》2008,27(3):60-69

This study aims to explore generation mechanisms of the ocean internal wave using the dynamical analysis methods based on linear theories. Historical cruise measurements and recent synthetic aperture radar （SAR） observations of mesoscale eddies with diameter of several tens of kilometers to hundreds of kilometers show that the internal wave packets with wavelength of hundreds of meters to kilometer exist inside the mesoscale eddies. This coexistence phenomenon and inherent links between the two different scale processes are revealed in the solutions of governing equations and boundary conditions for the internal wave disturbance with a horizontally slowly variable amplitude in a cylindrical coordinate system. The theoretical solutions indicate that the instability of eddy current field provides the dynamical mechanism to internal wave generation. The derived dispersion relation indicates that the internal wave propagation is modified by the eddy current field structure. The energy equation of the internal waves clearly shows the internal wave energy increment comes from the eddy. The theoretical models are used to explain the observation of the mesoscale eddy-induced internal waves off the Norwegian coast. The two-dimensional waveform solution of the anticyclonic eddy-induced internal wave packet appears as ring-shaped curves, which contains the typical features of eddy stream lines. The comparison of theoretical solutions to the structure of the internal wave packets on SAR image shows a good agreement on the major features.  相似文献   

Effects of stratification and mesoscale eddies on Kuroshio path variation south of Japan     

Kazunori Akitomo   《Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers》2008,55(8):997-1008

Bimodality of the Kuroshio current path south of Japan is investigated, focusing on the effects of stratification and mesoscale eddies. For this purpose, wind-driven numerical experiments are executed in barotropic and two-layered ocean models. Stratification has two effects on the path selection of the Kuroshio south of Japan. First, it makes an alongshore path stable at intermediate wind stress strength τ₀ by arresting an eddy southeast of Kyushu. This enables an alongshore path to appear in the entire experimental range of τ₀. Second, the upper limit of τ₀ which allows a meandering path decreases from ( in the Sverdrup transport at the Tokara Strait) to () as Δρ/ρ₀ increases from 2.0×10^-3 to 4.0×10^-3. While an anticyclonic eddy imposed upstream (southeast of Kyushu) can cause the transition from an alongshore to a meandering path, it occurs most easily when (). The transition from a meandering to an alongshore path requires an eddy imposed downstream (east of the meandering segment) which suppresses redevelopment of the meandering segment and breaks the balance between the advective and beta effects. Applicability of the results to previously observed path variations is discussed.  相似文献   

Improvements of a dynamic global vegetation model and simulations of carbon and water at an upland-oak forest   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

毛嘉富  王斌  戴永久 《大气科学进展》2007,24(2):311-322

The interest in the development and improvement of dynamic global vegetation models （DGVMs）, which have the potential to simulate fluxes of carbon, water and nitrogen, along with changes in the vegetation dynamics, within an integrated system, has been increasing. In this paper, some numerical schemes and a higher resolution soil texture dataset were employed to improve the Sheffield Dynamic Global Vegetation Model （SDGVM）. Using eddy covariance-based measurements, we then tested the standard version of the SDGVM and the modified version of the SDGVM. Detailed observations of daily carbon and water fluxes made at the upland oak forest on the Walker Branch Watershed in Tennessee, USA offered a unique opportunity for these comparisons. The results revealed that the modified version of the SDGVM did a reasonable job of simulating the carbon and water flux and the variation of soil water content （SWC）. However, at the end of the growing season, it failed to simulate the effect of the limitations on the soil respiration dynamics and as a result underestimated this respiration. It was also noted that the modified version overestimated the increase in the SWC following summer rainfall, which was attributed to an inadequate representation of the ground water and thermal cycle.  相似文献