公路施工中预防水泥混凝土路面断板措施探讨     

帖金鑫 《安徽地质》2005,15(4):316-317

路面发生断板,致使水泥混凝土路面使用性能下降,严重影响了公路运输的效益和行车安全,本文根据多年施工经验,提出在施工中预防断板的有效措施,供水泥混凝土路面施工参考。  相似文献   

太阳大气等离子体的电流研究     

谭宝林 《天文学进展》2008,26(4)

该文讨论了太阳大气等离子体中电流的成因和对各种爆发活动的作用和影响,对目前的研究现状和存在的问题进行了分析讨论,指出虽然磁场是太阳物理观测和研究的关键要素,但是电流也是理解能量的传输与耗散、不稳定性的驱动和激发、等离子体的加热和粒子加速等太阳物理过程的重要概念.该文还提出了一个定性的改进电路模型,认为电流主要产生于太阳内部的发电机过程,同时电路在日冕部分的环形磁场位型也将产生部分新经典电流,通过磁通量管流入太阳大气,并在日冕区域通过磁场重联等过程释放能量.对该模型尚待解决的问题也进行了简单讨论.  相似文献   

Geotechnical aspects of earthquake‐induced settlement of clay layer     

Hiroshi Matsuda  Sukeo O‐Hara 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2013,31(3):179-206

Abstract

It has been observed that earthquake‐induced settlement depends on the excess pore water pressure accumulated during an earthquake. In particular, in the case where a clay layer is overconsolidated, excess pore water pressure is produced and settlement occurs by dissipation of the excess pore water pressure, which is very large in comparison with the coefficient of secondary compression. Therefore, if the settlement of clay ground induced by secondary compression becomes a serious problem, careful consideration of the earthquake‐induced settlement is needed. In this article, the settlement characteristics of a clay layer induced by cyclic shear are discussed, including the effects of loading period, the threshold shear strain below which no excess pore pressure or no settlement takes place, and the relationships between uniform shear strain cycles and irregular strain‐time histories. Then a calculation procedure for estimating the earthquake‐induced settlement is developed and applied to three soil profile cases, including the clay layers in Mexico City and Osaka Bay in Japan. In the case of a soil profile in Mexico City, settlements of about 0–3 cm are estimated and these values agree reasonably with the leveling results for the Mexico City earthquake of 1985. Furthermore, it is pointed out that the settlement induced by earthquakes is considerably affected by differences in the accelerograms.  相似文献   

Experimental study on the effect of soil saturation on the electric permeability coefficient during electroosmosis process     

Xin-yu Xie  Yi-min Liu  Ling-wei Zheng 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2013,31(10):1188-1195

Abstract

The electrokinetic treatments on high natural moisture content, large compressibility, and low strength dredged marine soil are regarded as an innovative method, but it has not been widely applied due to the difference between theory predictions and realities. To minimize the difference which is resulted from the electric permeability coefficient variations due to pore water drainage and the degree of saturation drops during the electrokinetic treatment of soils, several one-dimensional indoor experiments were conducted with single kaolin clay and natural soft clay. The test results indicate that the electric permeability values conform to the predicted value of Helmholtz–Smoluchowski (H-S) theory under saturated conditions. The permeability for unsaturated soils can be described with relative electric permeability, that is, k_e,rel=a(Sr)^b. The ranges of fitting parameters are 0.8–1.2 for a and 3–9 for b. The fitting parameters are dependent on the soil type, electric potential gradient, and pore size distribution and so on. The smaller the soil pore size is the more sensitive the permeability coefficient is to the degree of saturation.  相似文献   

埋深基础地基极限承载力的数值求解方法   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4  

梅岭  梅国雄  宰金珉 《岩土力学》2009,30(6):1810-1814

为确定作用在已知埋深、给定基础形状地基土上的极限承载力,对基底下的土体进行网格划分,先假定一均布荷载作用在此地基土上,运用明德林解的积分公式,结合角点法,编制MATLAB语言程序,求出每个网格节点上附加应力,进而求得每个网格节点上主应力,根据破坏准则,结合程序找出破坏点的坐标,利用MATLAB的图形处理功能,把破坏点的坐标在坐标图中显示出来。继续加大矩形荷载,直至这些破坏点在坐标图中刚好能够形成一个连续的破坏面,此时的矩形荷载即为此地基的极限承载力。此方法不仅可以有效地避免了地基承载力经验公式中一些不合理的假设带来的误差,更符合实际情况,而且可以直观地了解到地基土的三维破坏面。  相似文献   

双线平行盾构法隧道施工附加荷载的计算分析     

齐静静  徐日庆  魏纲 《岩土力学》2009,30(6):1665-1670

对隧道周围土体采用椭圆形非等量径向位移模式,在镜像法基本原理基础是推导了土体损失引起的附加应力计算公式;结合弹性力学Mindlin解得到的正面附加推力和摩擦力引起的附加应力,得到三者共同作用下总的附加应力公式,并通过算例分析了各影响因素下水平平行隧道上附加荷载的分布规律,重点探讨了土体损失引起的附加荷载在相邻隧道上的分布,分析结果对平行隧道施工具有一定的参考价值。  相似文献   

采用环剪仪对超固结黏土抗剪强度特性的研究   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

孙涛  洪勇  栾茂田  陈榕 《岩土力学》2009,30(7):2000-2004

利用大型高速环剪仪,对不同超固结比、法向应力和剪切速率下的超固结饱和黏土的峰值强度和残余强度特性进行了研究,并对循环荷载作用前后残余强度的变化进行了初步探讨。试验结果表明,（1）超固结比对超固结黏土的峰值强度和残余强度有着明显的影响;（2）在剪切速率相同的条件下,土体达到残余强度时的位移取决于现存的应力状态,而与应力历史无关;（3）剪切速率越大,峰值强度随之增大,达到稳定残余强度时的剪切位移也随之增加,但剪切速率的变化对残余强度值几乎没有影响;（4）在循环荷载作用下残余强度不同程度的降低,最大降低幅度达12.2 %;当土体剪切面为不规则剪切带时,施加循环荷载后出现残余强度上升的现象。  相似文献   

钙质砂室内载荷试验研究   总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3  

王新志  汪稔  孟庆山  刘晓鹏 《岩土力学》2009,30(1):147-151

为保护和开发海洋资源,在珊瑚礁上进行工程建设时必须要查明岛礁上钙质砂地基的承载力和变形特性。室内载荷试验的结果表明,相同密实度的钙质砂具有比石英砂大得多的承载力和变形模量,变形量则小得多;钙质砂的承载力随着相对密实度的增大而增大,破坏时的变形量显著减小;相同密实度下饱和钙质砂比干燥钙质砂的承载力和变形模量低很多。钙质砂地基中土压力随深度急剧衰减,荷载的有效影响深度为2～3倍基础宽度;随着荷载的增大,土压力从表层逐渐传递到更深的土层。  相似文献   

桩顶荷载对负摩阻力性状影响的现场试验   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6  

夏力农  雷鸣  聂重军 《岩土力学》2009,30(3):664-668

负摩阻力是桩周土体沉降产生的桩附加沉降和下拽力的综合效应。为了研究不同的桩顶荷载对负摩阻力基桩性状的影响,在同一个试验场地上,对不同桩顶荷载作用下完全相同的3根桩的负摩阻力性状进行了现场测试。测试结果表明,桩顶荷载对于桩的负摩阻力性状有明显影响。随着桩顶荷载的增加,负摩阻力引起的桩附加沉降越大,桩周土体沉降引起的负摩阻力就越小;负摩阻力引起的下拽力也随着桩顶荷载的增加而减小;中性点位置随着桩顶荷载的增加而上升。这对桩基负摩阻力特性的研究是有益的。  相似文献   

矩形移动荷载作用下路面-双层地基系统三维振动分析     

卢正  姚海林  骆行文  胡梦玲 《岩土力学》2009,30(11):3493-3499

考虑路面和地基之间的相互作用,建立了路面-双层地基的三维模型,将车辆荷载模拟成矩形移动荷载,利用Fourier变换方法对车辆荷载作用下路面-双层地基系统的三维振动问题进行了研究。假设地基为上部弹性土体和下部为饱和土体组成的双层混合结构,整个系统置于刚性基岩上。通过引入势函数,利用Lame分解理论和积分变换方法分别对弹性土层和饱和土层进行求解。在Fourier变换域内,联立路面和下卧双层地基系统的的运动方程,获得了车辆荷载作用下路面-双层地基系统三维振动的位移和孔压响应的积分形式解,并利用IFFT算法和自适应数值积分算法得到了数值计算结果。研究结果可为路基动力响应分析提供参考。  相似文献