源外斜坡区断裂附近油气聚集有利部位预测方法及其应用     

付广  王宏伟  韩国猛  浦秀刚 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2021,51(6):1700-1708

为了明确含油气盆地源外斜坡区断裂附近油气分布规律,先统计研究区已知井点砂体地层砂地比值,将最小比值作为能储集油气砂体的所需最小值,圈闭出能储油砂体分布区;再通过计算得到砂体地层顶面古构造脊分布,将二者叠合部位确定为沿砂体侧向运移向断裂输送油气路径;然后计算圈出断裂侧向封闭部位,将其与能储集油气砂体分布区叠合,该叠合部位即可判定为断砂配置圈闭油气部位。笔者建立了预测源外斜坡区断裂附近油气聚集有利部位的方法,既将输送油气路径和断砂配置圈闭油气耦合部位预测为油气聚集有利部位。将该方法应用于渤海湾盆地歧口凹陷源外歧南斜坡区赵北断裂附近沙一段下部油气聚集有利部位预测中。预测结果显示,源外歧南斜坡区赵北断裂附近沙一段下部油源聚集有利部位主要有2处,均分布在赵北断裂西部,与目前赵北断裂附近沙一段下部已发现油气主要分布在西部相吻合,表明该方法用于预测源外斜坡区赵北断裂附近油气聚集是可行的。  相似文献   

珠江特大桥承台基坑突涌事故处理降水设计与施工     

汤建铭  王钰 《探矿工程》2018,45(11):50-55

珠江一特大桥主墩位于珠江水域中,承台基坑施工采用锁口钢管桩围堰围护, C30水下混凝土封底。封底完成后进行围堰内排水时,基底承压水击穿了封底混凝土,造成了基底突涌事件。对比在围堰内降水和在围堰外降水两种方案后,决定采用围堰外降水的方法,将承压水位降至封底顶面以下。该方案工期短、费用低,开创了在珠江内降底承压水的先例,成功处理了围堰封底失败的事故,确保了承台的顺利施工。实践证明在深水中降承压水是可行的,降水是保证承台基坑安全的重要手段之一,为类似工程提供了宝贵的经验。  相似文献   

Impact of Arctic Oscillation on cloud radiative forcing and September sea ice retreat     

Yanxing Li  Liang Chang  Guoping Gao 《海洋学报(英文版)》2022,41(10):131-139

The Arctic Oscillation (AO) has important effects on the sea ice change in terms of the dynamic and thermodynamic processes. However, while the dynamic processes of AO have been widely explored, the thermodynamic processes of AO need to be further discussed. In this paper, we use the fifth state-of-the-art reanalysis at European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ERA5) from 1979 to 2020 to investigate the relationship between AO and the surface springtime longwave (LW) cloud radiative forcing (CRF), summertime shortwave (SW) CRF in the Arctic region (65°?90°N). In addition, the contribution of CRF induced by AO to the sea ice change is also discussed. Results indicate that the positive (negative) anomalies of springtime LW CRF and summertime SW CRF are generally detected over the Arctic Ocean during the enhanced positive (negative) AO phase in spring and summer, respectively. Meanwhile, while the LW (SW) CRF generally has a positive correlation with AO index (AOI) in spring (summer) over the entire Arctic Ocean, this correlation is statistically significant over 70°?85°N and 120°W?90°E (i.e., region of interest (ROI)) in both seasons. Moreover, the response of CRF to the atmospheric conditions varies in spring and summer. We also find that the positive springtime (summertime) AOI tends to decrease (increase) the sea ice in September, and this phenomenon is especially prominent over the ROI. The sensitivity study among sea ice extent, CRF and AOI further reveals that decreases (increases) in September sea ice over the ROI are partly attributed to the springtime LW (summertime SW) CRF during the positive AOI. The present study provides a new pattern of AO affecting sea ice change via cloud radiative effects, which might benefit the sea ice forecast improvement.  相似文献   

城市技术创新与合作对绿色发展的影响研究——以长江经济带三大城市群为例     

马海涛  王柯文 《地理研究》2022,41(12):3287-3304

知识经济时代技术创新与合作是引领绿色发展的重要动力,但当前技术创新与合作对城市/区域绿色发展的作用尚不明晰。以长江经济带三大城市群为案例区域,通过构建绿色发展的综合评价指标体系,分析2006—2018年间各城市技术创新与对外技术合作以及绿色发展的时空演化格局,运用空间面板杜宾模型探究城市技术创新与对外技术合作对城市绿色发展的影响及其空间效应。研究发现：① 长江经济带城市群的技术创新与对外技术合作能力以及绿色发展水平在研究期内均显著提升,同时在群间和群内存在较大的空间差异,下游城市群及高等级城市往往具有较高水平。② 城市技术创新对绿色发展的总体影响呈“U”型关系,而城市对外技术合作对绿色发展的总体影响则呈显著正相关。③ 长江经济带三大城市群的城市技术创新与对外技术合作对绿色发展影响的空间效应具有显著差异。长三角城市群很大程度上发挥了技术创新与合作对本地和周边城市绿色发展的促进作用,整体实现了区域绿色协同发展,但长江中游和成渝城市群的大多数城市尚未实现技术创新与合作对本地和周边城市绿色发展的推动作用。研究认为在科技创新高度一体化的城市群,城市的技术创新与对外技术合作均对绿色发展产生正向群体效应,而发展中的城市群应努力度过创新的“黑暗期”,尽早跨过技术创新与绿色发展关系的“门槛值”,并大力提升对外技术合作水平。  相似文献   

东亚沙尘气候效应对地面温度日较差影响的数值模拟     

陈思宇  贯雅雯  赵丹  娄高僮  陈渔 《中国沙漠》2022,42(3):127-138

地面温度日较差（DTR）作为重要天气和气候指标,反映昼夜温差极值,比平均气温对地表辐射收支的变化更敏感,对环境变化和气候异常具有重要参考价值。沙尘气溶胶的气候效应是影响岩石圈-大气-海洋系统的重要因子,但目前的研究较少涉及沙尘气溶胶对DTR的影响机制。基于WRF-Chem模式（Weather Research and Forecasting coupled with Chemistry）揭示2002—2005年沙尘气溶胶气候效应对东亚地面温度日较差的影响。结果表明：WRF-Chem模式可以很好体现东亚气象场和沙尘气溶胶的时空分布特征。沙尘气候效应导致东亚大陆大部分地区DTR减小,沙尘直接辐射效应在其中起决定性作用。在白天,沙尘直接辐射强迫加热大气、冷却地表,减小地面总净辐射而降低日最高温度,导致DTR减小。在中国青藏高原和东北部地区,沙尘气溶胶间接效应占主导地位,导致青藏高原地区积雪覆盖减少,东北地区云水含量减小,间接导致DTR增大。  相似文献   

Joint effects of three oceans on the 2020 super mei-yu          下载免费PDF全文

Hua Li  Bo Sun  Huijun Wang  Xing Yuan 《大气和海洋科学快报》2022,15(1):12-20

2020年发生在江淮流域,朝鲜半岛和日本南部(简称梅雨区)的暴力梅造成了巨大的人员伤亡和经济损失.此次暴力梅的主要特征为:入梅早(6月1日),出梅晚(8月1日)以及较强的梅雨期降水.2020年异常早入梅和晚出梅时期的降水占梅雨期总降水的一半以上.因此,为了深入解析2020暴力梅的机制,本文将分析2020异常早入梅和晚出...  相似文献   

Mechanisms of Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) Variability in a Coupled Ocean–Atmosphere GCM简   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Boyin HUANG  ZHU Jiang  YANG Haijun 《大气科学进展》2014,31(2):241-251

The mechanisms involved in the variability of Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation （AMOC） are studied using a 2000-yr control simulation of the coupled Fast Ocean-Atmosphere Model （FOAM）.This study identifies a coupled mode between SST and surface heat flux in the North Atlantic at the decadal timescale,as well as a forcing mode of surface heat flux at the interannual timescale.The coupled mode is regulated by AMOC through meridional heat transport.The increase in surface heating in the North Atlantic weakens the AMOC approximately 10 yr later,and the weakened AMOC in turn decreases SST and sea surface salinity.The decreased SST results in an increase in surface heating in the North Atlantic,thus forming a positive feedback loop.Meanwhile,the weakened AMOC weakens northward heat transport and therefore lowers subsurface temperature approximately 19 yr later,which prevents the AMOC from weakening.In the forcing mode,the surface heat flux leads AMOC by approximately 4 yr.  相似文献   

An Overview of the Studies on Black Carbon and Mineral Dust Deposition in Snow and Ice Cores in East Asia          下载免费PDF全文

WANG Xin  XU Baiqing  MING Jing 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2014,28(3):354-370

Black carbon （BC） is the most eff ective insoluble light-absorbing particulate （ILAP）, which can strongly absorb solar radiation at visible wavelengths. Once BC is deposited in snow via dry or wet process, even a small amount of BC could signifi cantly decrease snow albedo, enhance absorption of solar radiation, accelerate snow melting, and cause climate feedback. BC is considered the second most important component next to CO2 in terms of global warming. Similarly, mineral dust （MD） is another type of ILAP. So far, little attention has been paid to quantitative measurements of BC and MD deposition on snow surface in the midlatitudes of East Asia, especially over northern China. In this paper, we focus on reviewing several experiments performed for collecting and measuring scavenging BC and MD in the high Asian glaciers over the mountain range （such as the Himalayas） and in seasonal snow over northern China. Results from the surveyed literature indicate that the absorption of ILAP in seasonal snow is dominated by MD in the Qilian Mountains and by local soil dust in the Inner Mongolian region close to dust sources. The detection of BC in snow and ice cores using modern techniques has a large bias and uncertainty when the snow sample is mixed with MD. Evidence also indicates that the reduction of snow albedo by BC and MD perturbations can signifi cantly increase the net surface solar radiation, cause surface air temperature to rise, reduce snow accumulation, and accelerate snow melting.  相似文献   

Aerosol Direct Radiative Forcing over Shandong Peninsula in East Asia from 2004 to 2011          下载免费PDF全文

XIN Jin-Yuan  ZHANG Qing  GONG Chong-Shui  WANG Yue-Si  DU Wu-Peng  ZHAO Yong-Fang 《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,(1):74-79

Recent vigorous industrialization and urbanization in Shandong Peninsula,China,have resulted in the emission of heavy anthropogenic aerosols over the region.The annual means of aerosol optical depth（AOD）,Angstrom exponent（α）,single-scattering albedo（SSA）,aerosol direct radiative forcing（ARF）,surface radiative forcing（SRF）,and top-of-the atmospheric radiative forcing（TOA） recorded during 2004–2011 were respectively 0.67±0.19,1.25±0.24,0.93±0.03,47±9 W m^-2,-61±9 W m^-2,and-14±8 W m^-2.The aerosol optical properties and ARF characteristics showed remarkable seasonal variations due to cycle changes in the aerosol components and dominance type.The atmosphere-surface system was cooled by ARF in all years of the study due to anthropogenic sulfate and nitrate emission and sea salt aerosols.The magnitude of TOA cooling was larger in summer（-15±17 W m^-2） and autumn（-12±7 W m^-2） than that in spring（-8±4 W m^-2） and winter（-9±10 W m^-2）.  相似文献   

初值和海温强迫对延伸期可预报性时空分布的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

王秋良  张立凤  关吉平 《地球物理学报》2013,56(12):3988-3998

利用全球谱模式T106L19和增长模繁殖法,分别在气候海温和预测海温强迫下,进行了动力延伸集合预报试验.基于方差分析思想,利用集合预报结果,定义和计算了初值影响指数、海温强迫影响指数、潜在可预报性指数以及波动活动指数.通过分析四个指数,揭示了初值和海温强迫对延伸期可预报性时空分布以及潜在可预报性的影响,并探讨了其影响机理.结果表明：初值影响指数分布具有地域和季节的差异,初值的影响在中高纬度地区大于热带地区;相同季节,海温强迫影响指数分布与初值影响指数分布相似;潜在可预报性指数呈带状分布,大值集中在热带地区,且在低纬度地区,高层的潜在可预报性大于低层;初值和海温强迫对延伸期可预报性时空分布的影响,依赖于大气环流形势,初值和海温强迫影响的显著区正是大气长波的活跃区和西风急流区,急流区的强风切变为长波活动提供了斜压不稳定能量,而长波的发展调控着初值和海温强迫的影响,这说明延伸期的可预报性具有明显的流依赖性,大气外强迫的作用也与大气内部的动力过程密切相关.  相似文献