山东省第二轮区域地质调查主要进展   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

宋明春  张成基  王来明  王世进  王沛成  梁帮启  刘明渭  杜本明  杨恩秀  胡树庭  刘建文  宋志勇 《山东国土资源》2001,17(2):10-22

山东省第二轮区调工作始于70年代末,完成了120万填图面积112326km2和15万填图面积63137km2,基础地质研究取得巨大进展地层方面,建立了一些新的岩石地层单位,重新厘定了地层层序,进行了以岩石地层为主的地层多重划分对比,对各时代地层的沉积作用进行了探讨;侵入岩方面,初步完成了我省侵入岩岩石谱系单位的统一划分工作,研究了侵入岩的演化、成因、侵位机制和形成时代,尤其是从前寒武纪基底中识别出大量变形变质或未变形变质侵入岩,并对其进行了岩石谱系单位划分;变质岩方面,分析了原岩建造及形成环境,划分了变质岩系的变质相、变质相系和叠加变质作用,测定了大量pT数据,确定了一些变质岩的pTt轨迹,对变质作用类型进行了研究,发现了高压、超高压变质带并对其进行了探讨;构造方面,发现和研究了大量韧性变形带,对胶南-威海造山带7和郯庐断裂带进行了深入研究;矿产方面,主要是对各种矿产的成因和形成规律进行了探讨.  相似文献   

黑河流域生态水文样带调查   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

冯起  苏永红  司建华  常宗强  席海洋  郭瑞  陈丽娟  霍红  秦燕燕 《地球科学进展》2013,28(2):187-196

样带研究是研究全球变化与陆地生态系统关系最有效的途径之一。通过在黑河流域上、中、下游分别确定具有代表性的流域样带和空间网格,系统调查植被、土壤、水文、地貌和气候特征及人类活动和社会经济特征,建立相应的数据库。完善流域整体概念的野外观测试验研究网络,形成以流域为单元、科学问题为导向的生态—水文过程的数据—模拟研究平台,使我国流域生态水文研究进入国际先进行列。  相似文献   

库车坳陷索罕露头区与大北气田井下白垩系储层差异性分析     

王波  刘群  张惠良  卢文忠  张荣虎  曾庆鲁 《沉积学报》2013,31(4):717-723

利用露头来进行地下地层和储层研究,是目前国内外较流行的一种研究思路。本文通过对塔里木盆地库车坳陷大北气田井下巴什基奇克组第三段与其典型露头索罕露头区巴三段砂岩储层差异性分析认为,二者沉积相带一致,岩石学特征略有差异,但是在储集空间类型和储层物性上差异较大。差异原因在于索罕露头区巴三段较大北气田井下经历了浅埋藏、弱压实、弱挤压和现代风化淋滤。露头与井下储层的对比研究对于深入了解库车坳陷深层裂缝性致密砂岩储层性质,进而进行储层评价具有重要的理论和实际意义。  相似文献   

土壤水分监测技术方法应用比较研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

章树安  章雨乾 《水文》2013,33(2):25-28

土壤墒情是反映旱情最直接的重要指标,土壤水分是植物水分的直接来源,决定着植物的生长状况的好坏,因此测量土壤水分有着重要的实际意义。近年来,随着抗旱工作的全面深入开展,土壤水分监测工作日益得到重视,土壤水分自动监测仪器逐步推广应用,但由于水利系统开展土壤水分自动监测较晚,对其工作原理认识不足。本文在概述土壤水分常用监测技术方法基础上,较为系统的介绍了频域反射法(FDR)和时域发射法(TDR)工作原理,以及有关数学公式,评述了主要监测技术方法的优缺点,并对今后有关工作开展提出了建议。  相似文献   

Is earthquake activity along the French Atlantic margin favoured by local rheological contrasts?     

Yves Mazabraud  Nicole Béthoux  Bertrand Delouis 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2013,345(9-10):373-382

The seismological study of recent seismic crises near Oleron Island confirms the coexistence of an extensional deformation and a transtensive regime in the Atlantic margin of France, which is different from the general western European stress field corresponding to a strike-slip regime. We argue that the switch of the principal stress axes σ₁/σ₂ in a NW–SE vertical plane is linked with the existence of crustal heterogeneities. Events of magnitude larger than 5 sometimes occur along the Atlantic margin of France, such as the 7 September 1972 (M_L = 5.2) earthquake near Oleron island and the 30 September 2002 (M_L = 5.7) Hennebont event in Brittany. To test the mechanism of local strain localization, we model the deformation of the hypocentral area of the Hennebont earthquake using a 3D thermo-mechanical finite element code. We conclude that the occurrence of moderate earthquakes located in limited parts of the Hercynian shear zones (as the often reactivated swarms near Oleron) could be due to local reactivation of pre-existing faults. These sporadic seismic ruptures are favoured by stress concentration due to rheological heterogeneities.  相似文献   

Effects of base geogrid on geocell-reinforced foundation beds     

《Geomechanics and Geoengineering》2013,8(3):207-216

The effect of a base geogrid layer below the geocell mattress in sand, sand overlying soft clay, and soft clay foundation beds has been studied using a series of laboratory scale load tests. A rigid circular model footing was used to apply static monotonic loading on the foundation beds with and without geocell reinforcement. The model test results show that the provision of an additional layer of planar geogrid at the base of the geocell mattress further increases the performance of the footing in terms of bearing capacity and reduction in surface heave of the foundation bed. It is also observed that the beneficial effect of the base geogrid layer becomes negligible with increasing height of the geocell mattress beyond the influence of the depth of the footing. Strain measurements in the base geogrid layer indicate that it is more effective with the limited heights of the geocell mattress. The earth pressure cells embedded in the subgrade soil provide evidence that when the base geogrid is provided below the geocell mattress, the footing pressure is distributed more uniformly over an extended area.  相似文献   

Experimental study on bubble pulse features under the combined action of horizontal and vertical walls     

王诗平  初文华  张阿漫 《中国海洋工程》2014,28(3):293-301

The pulse features of a bubble have a close connection with the boundary condition. When a bubble moves near a rigid wall, it will be attracted by the Bjerknes force of the wall, and a jet pointing at the wall will be generated. In real application, the bubble may move under the combined action of walls in different directions when it forms at the corner of a pipe or at the bottom of a dam. The motion of the bubble shows complex and nonlinear characteristics under these conditions. In order to investigate the bubble pulse features near complex walls, a horizontal wall and a vertical wall are put into the experimental water tank synchronously, and an electric circuit with 200 voltages is designed to generate discharge bubbles, and then experimental study on the bubble pulse features under the combined action of horizontal and vertical walls is carried out. The influences of the combined action of two walls on the bubble shape, pulse period, moving trace and inside jet are obtained by changing the distances from bubble center to the two walls. It aims at providing references for the relevant theoretical and numerical research.  相似文献   

上甸子本底站卤代温室气体大气浓度短期波动的个例分析     

马林  ;安兴琴  ;朱彬  ;周凌晞  ;姚波  ;车胜利  ;李东宇 《南京气象学院学报》2014,(4):493-501

利用轨迹分析法、印痕分析和流场分析法,结合上甸子站卤代温室气体H-1301、HCFC-22、CFC-11和SF6在线浓度观测数据,选取2012年9月7-12日上甸子测站卤代温室气体浓度短期波动典型个例进行分析.轨迹分析结果表明：7日12时,污染发生前,气团主要来自较远的偏西北、偏北方向,水平输送距离长,移动迅速,垂直高度高,对应的卤代温室气体浓度偏低,H-1301、HCFC-22、CFC-11和SF6的体积分数分别为4x10-12、350x10-12、260x10-12、10x10-12;9、10日有一定比例的气团在测站的偏南区域近地面回旋打转,水平输送距离短,垂直高度低,在边界层内缓慢移动,不利于污染物在边界层内扩散,导致卤代温室气体浓度偏高,对测站浓度的短期抬升贡献较大,9日12时H-1301、HCFC-22、CFC-11的峰值体积分数分别达到45x10-12、1 200x 10-12、310x10-12,10日03时SF6的峰值体积分数达到28x10-12;11日西南方向回旋气团消失;12日气团完全来自较远的西北方向且轨迹移动较快.印痕分析与轨迹分析结果一致：7、8日敏感性系数较高区域主要分布在测站以北,9、10日敏感性系数较高区域分布在测站偏南,11、12日测站偏南的敏感性系数较高区域消失.流场分析结果表明：9、10日环流形势有利于污染物在测站区域累积,造成测站浓度的短期抬升.  相似文献   

利用雷达回波三维拼图资料识别雷暴大风统计研究   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

李国翠  刘黎平  连志鸾  周淼  李哲 《气象学报》2014,72(1):168-181

应用雷达回波三维组网拼图数据、加密自动站和地面灾害大风资料,对2008—2012年京津冀地区20次区域性雷暴大风天气过程进行了统计。检验了基于模糊逻辑建立的利用回波强度识别大风的算法,分析了大风出现的位置。该大风识别算法确定了雷暴大风的6个雷达识别指标及其对应的权重系数和不同季节的隶属函数。检验分析块状回波、带状回波和片状回波3类大风过程的识别效果,结果表明：块状回波类大风是由孤立的强单体风暴引发的,风暴单体具有回波强、回波顶高、垂直积分液态水含量大和移动快等特点,雷暴大风多出现在风暴单体附近且二者移动路径一致;带状回波的长度远大于宽度,主要包含飑线和弓状回波,大风影响范围广且多位于带状回波的前沿一带;片状回波多指大面积层云回波中镶嵌着强回波单体块的混合回波,对应出现的雷暴大风多位于风暴单体的周边区域。3类回波识别到的可能出现大风区域与实测大风范围基本吻合,块状、带状和片状3种类型的雷暴大风命中率分别为96.2%、68.6%和45.3%,漏报率分别为3.8%、31.4%和54.7%。由于垂直积分液态水含量偏低和回波强度弱,片状雷暴大风识别漏报相对较多;空报原因除了与测站分布稀疏有很大关系外,也与识别算法本身有关。识别检验证明雷暴大风综合识别方法是合理可靠、切实可行的,可以为雷暴大风的短时临近预警业务和系统开发提供技术支撑,这一工作也为进一步预警大风出现的位置提供了基础。  相似文献   

A Case Study of Impact of FY-2C Satellite Data in Cloud Analysis to Improve Short-Range Precipitation Forecast   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

LIU Rui-Xia  CHEN Hong-Bin  CHEN De-Hui  XU Guo-Qiang 《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,7(6):527-533

Chinese FengYun-2C（FY-2C） satellite data were combined into the Local Analysis and Prediction System（LAPS） model to obtain three-dimensional cloud parameters and rain content. These parameters analyzed by LAPS were used to initialize the Global/Regional Assimilation and Prediction System model（GRAPES） in China to predict precipitation in a rainstorm case in the country. Three prediction experiments were conducted and were used to investigate the impacts of FY-2C satellite data on cloud analysis of LAPS and on short range precipitation forecasts. In the first experiment, the initial cloud fields was zero value. In the second, the initial cloud fields were cloud liquid water, cloud ice, and rain content derived from LAPS without combining the satellite data. In the third experiment, the initial cloud fields were cloud liquid water, cloud ice, and rain content derived from LAPS including satellite data. The results indicated that the FY-2C satellite data combination in LAPS can show more realistic cloud distributions, and the model simulation for precipitation in 1–6 h had certain improvements over that when satellite data and complex cloud analysis were not applied.  相似文献