水库洪水调度系统的模糊循环迭代模型及应用   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8       下载免费PDF全文

王本德  于义彬  刘金禄  王淑英 《水科学进展》2004,15(2):233-237

多目标水库洪水调度目标的权重确定一直是实际防洪调度中的难点,针对过去单一考虑主观权重或客观权重的多目标决策模式的缺陷,通过引入权重折衷系数的概念,提出了兼顾主观决策与客观决策统一的模糊循环迭代模型,可以同时得到方案优属度和目标权重。由于模型同时考虑了决策者意图和方案本身属性,使方案排序结果更为合理适用,将其应用于水库洪水调度方案的评价中,实例表明,该模型科学、实用。  相似文献   

国外区域洪水频率分析方法研究进展   总被引：6，自引：2，他引：6       下载免费PDF全文

熊立华  郭生练  王才君 《水科学进展》2004,15(2):261-267

总结了国际上区域洪水频率分析方法的最新研究进展。对经典的标度洪水法进行了评述,阐述了进行区域洪水频率分析时应该遵守的几个原则,总结了关于数据检查、水文分区识别及水文分区均匀性检验等几个关键问题的研究结果。  相似文献   

Chemostratigraphy of Flood Basalts in the Garze-Litang Region and Zongza Block: Implications for Western Extension of the Emeishan Large Igneous Province, SW China   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Pirajno FRANCO 《《地质学报》英文版》2004,78(1):61-67

The Late Permian Emeishan Large Igneous Province (ELIP) is commonly regarded as being located in the western part of the Yangtze craton, SW China, with an asymmetrical shape and a small area. This area, however, is just a maximum estimation because some parts of the ELIP were not recognized or dismembered and destroyed during the Triassic to Cenozoic tectonism. In this paper, the chemostratigraphical data of the Zongza block, the Garze-Litang belt and the Songpan-Garze block suggest that the Late Permian basalts in these areas have remarkable similarities to the ELIP basalts in petrography and geochemistry. Flood basalts in the Sanjiangkou area are composed of the lower part of the low-Ti (LT) tholeiite and the upper part of the high-Ti (HT) tholeiite, which is the same as the flood basalts on the western margin of the Yangtze craton. Flood basalts in the Zongza and Songpan-Garze areas, which are far from the Yangtze craton, consist of HT tholeiite only. This is the same as the flood basalts within the Y  相似文献   

Storm Surges from Extra-Tropical Cyclones   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Danard  M. B.  Dube  S. K.  Gönnert  G.  Munroe  Adam  Murty  T. S.  Chittibabu  P.  Rao  A. D.  Sinha  P. C. 《Natural Hazards》2004,32(2):177-190

The possible influence of climate change on the tracks of the extra-tropical cyclones as well as storm surges is studied. Two differentdata bases have been used: one for the Great Lakes of North America and the otherfor the German Bight in the North Sea of Europe. For the Great Lakes region,significant east-west and north-south shifts in the tracks of ETC'S with decadal periodicities have been observed. However, there was no trend in the amplitudes of storm surges. The most important result for the Great Lakes is that, depending upon its position relative to the constantly shifting storm tracks, a given location could eitherexperience a major storm surge or could miss out completely.The storm surges in the German Bight in general, and at Cuxhaven in particular, appear to show a slightly increasing trend in the latterpart of the 20th century. However, the most significant result for the German Bightis that the number of storm tides (i.e., multiple peaks in a given storm surge event)definitely has shown an increase in the second half of the 20th century. This increase isinterpreted as due to the influence of meso-scale weather systems embedded in the synoptic scale ETCs.  相似文献   

东北春夏季降水气温异常的时空分布以及与旱涝的关系   总被引：20，自引：1，他引：20  

龚 《南京气象学院学报》2003,26(3):349-357

利用东北地区19个测站的1951--2000年逐月降水、气温资料，采用综合的经验正交函数展开等诊断方法，研究了春、夏季节降水、气温异常的空间分布特征、时间变化规律以及与旱涝年份之间的关系。结果表明，所得到的降水、气温异常的典型配置场及其时间系数能较好地反映东北地区降水、气温异常的时空特征，且夏季时间系数出现极值的年份与东北地区不同区域发生较严重旱涝的年份存在很好的对应关系。  相似文献   

1470～2000年湖北省旱涝变化分析   总被引：4，自引：3，他引：4  

周月华  高贤来 《气象》2003,29(12):18-21

利用武汉、荆州、宜昌、陨县、恩施5个代表站的旱涝等级资料，建立了湖北省1470～2000年(531年、的旱涝等级序列，并分析了旱涝变化特征。分析认为，近531年中，湖北省涝灾比旱灾多8．8％，大涝约48年一遇，大旱约59年一遇；旱期长于涝期；20世纪是旱涝灾害最多的一个世纪，19世纪上半叶是最湿润的50年；各世纪旱涝变化周期不尽相同，主要变化周期为20年、10～11年、5～6年。  相似文献   

关于中国重大气候灾害与东亚气候系统之间关系的研究   总被引：42，自引：10，他引：42       下载免费PDF全文

黄荣辉  陈际龙  周连童  张庆云 《大气科学》2003,27(4):770-788

在总结中国国旱涝等重大气候灾害的种类、时空分布特征及其形成机理研究的基础上,分析东亚气候系统对东亚地区水分循环和中国旱涝等重大气候灾害发生的影响;并且,从东亚气候系统各成员,特别是从大气圈中的东亚季风、西太平洋副热带高压、中纬度扰动,海洋圈中的ENSO循环、热带西太平洋暖池和印度洋的热力状态,以及从青藏高原的动力、热力作用、高原积雪等来分析和讨论中国重大气候灾害的形成机理.此外,还结合1998年夏季长江流域的特大洪涝以及从20世纪70年代末迄今华北地区的持续干旱所发生的具体实际,进一步分析了东亚气候系统异  相似文献   

遥感技术在防汛指挥系统中的应用     

张建超  李德东  王宇杰 《测绘与空间地理信息》2003,26(2):52-53，59

介绍RS信息接收和处理的方法,叙述RS技术在水利系统应用现状,论述RS技术在黑龙江省防汛指挥系统中的应用,及在水利系统应用的发展趋势。  相似文献   

2002年全球重大气候事件概述   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

李晓燕 《气象》2003,29(4):28-31

全球气候仍为异常暖年。赤道中、东太平洋形成新的ENSO暖事件。冬季前期连续大雪严寒席卷了欧洲大部地区，美国南部也受到罕见大雪袭击。南亚东部、中南半岛湄公河三角洲雨季降水频繁，引发严重洪涝灾害。8月，欧洲异常暴雨引发世纪大洪水，多国受灾严重。印度尼西亚、澳大利亚、美国西部、非洲大部降水持续偏少，发生严重干旱。太平洋、大西洋的热带风暴给沿岸国家带来不同程度的灾害。  相似文献   

Discovery of the copper deposits with features of the Keweenawan type in the border area of Yunnan and Guizhou provinces   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

朱炳泉  胡耀国  张正伟  常向阳 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2003,46(Z1)

There existed intense Cu anomaly on the northeastern side of the geochemical boundary with NW strike in the border area between the Yunnan and Guizhou provinces. Through field observation, ore bodies of high-grade native coppers have been found. The copper mineralization was constrained by the ancient volcanic vents of Permian basalt eruption and the overlain strata of carbonaceous argillites. Native coppers with flaky, net veined and impregnated occurrences, fine-grained tenorites and massive chalcocites widely occur in volcanic breccias, tuffs, carbonaceous-siliceous argillites and siliceous bitumen rocks with bed thickness of about 15-80 m. Cu contents vary from 0.5% to 20%. The copper mineralization was tightly related to actinolite-tremolitization, zeolitization and bituminization and involved in extensive reduction environments. Continental flood basalts erupted in mantle plume environments usually have high Cu concentrations (～170 ×10-6 in the Emeishan basalts), which provided a copper source of mineralization. Thus, metallogenesis of the native copper deposits in the Yunnan-Guizhou border area is tightly associated with intensive crust-mantle and organic-inorganic interactions. The tremolitization and chalcocitization indicate that the metallogenic temperatures are in a range of 400-100℃. The geologic background and characteristics of ore and alteration for the native copper deposits in this area are somewhat similar to those of the Keweenawan native copper deposit in Michigan, USA.  相似文献