含油气盆地成藏动力学研究综述   总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16  

褚庆忠  张树林 《世界地质》2002,21(1):24-29

成藏动力学是石油地质领域一个研究热点，是一门新兴的学科，目前在国内外均没有明确、统一的定义。笔者介绍了成藏动力学的产生、发展与研究现状，论述了成藏动力学的定义、划分原则、类型及命名等基本内容，并总结出了其研究思路和方法，指出了成藏动力学下一步研究的主要内容和发展趋势。认为在进一步认识与油气成藏密切相关的化学动力学、流体动力学过程和机理的基础上，实现盆地温度场、压力场、应务场的耦合和流体流动、能量传递和物质搬动的三维模拟，是成藏动力学的重要发展方向。  相似文献   

西北地区不同类型矿产开发环境地质问题及其产生的主要原因   总被引：11，自引：3，他引：11  

徐友宁  武征  赵志长 《西北地质》2002,35(1):45-51

西北地区矿产资源开发极大地促进了地区经济的发展，但是人为不合理地开发导致了严重的矿区环境地质问题。开发不同类型矿产导致不同的环境地质问题；而同一类型矿产因地域不同、开发方式不同以及不同企业开发导致的主要环境地质问题程度及差别较大；不同类型矿产开发所产生的环境地质问题具有明显的地域性特点。导致矿山生态环境恶化的主要因素有历史因素、政策因素、地方保护主义因素、经济技术因素和企业因素。  相似文献   

祁连山北坡中部气候特征及垂直气候带的划分   总被引：12，自引：2，他引：12  

张虎  温娅丽  马力  常宗强  王金叶 《山地学报》2001,19(6):497-502

通过对祁连山北坡中部气候特征，森林植被类型和土壤类型的定位预测研究，对祁连山北坡中部森林生态系统的主要气象要素垂直分布特征进行分析，应用气候指标和生物学原理，将祁连山林区按不同海拔高度划分为：1.山地荒漠草原气候带；2.山地草原气候带；3.山地森林草原气候带；4.亚高山灌丛草甸气候带；5.高山亚冰雪稀疏植被气候带；进而提出了合理开发祁连山山地气候资源，以促进当地经济发展。  相似文献   

A darkling beetle population in West Texas during the 1997–1998 El Niño     

Richard J. Deslippe  Jesus R. Salazar  Yu-Jie Guo 《Journal of Arid Environments》2001,49(4):711

We examined the abundance and distribution of Eleodes extricata (Tenebrionidae) in a semi-arid region of West Texas. During the 2-year study, climatic conditions were extreme but opposite, with 1997 being unusually wet and mild, and 1998 being unusually dry and hot. These conditions were associated with striking differences in the population structure of the beetles. Under identical pitfall-sampling efforts, we captured 1562 and 671 individuals in 1997 and 1998, respectively. Capture rates were lowest in grassland, and highest in sand shinnery oak, and within the latter, they were lowest in blowouts, intermediate along the edges of blowouts, and highest under vegetative cover. Sex ratios were consistently female-biased, and the degree of bias increased from spring through fall in both years. These increases were more pronounced in 1998, with the sex ratios of early and late sampling periods differing by over four-fold, from 1·15 to 5·00. Females were heavier than males, and the dry masses of both sexes increased from spring though fall in both years. As with sex ratios, these increases were more pronounced in 1998. Only the largest beetles survived the drought, illustrating how extreme conditions can exert especially strong directional selection, and affect sex ratios in populations with sexual size dimorphism.  相似文献   

沥青质傅里叶变换红外光谱 (FT IR)分析及其在有机地球化学研究中的应用   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

廖泽文  耿安松 《地球化学》2001,30(5):433-438

沥青质傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT－IR）分析可以反映出其分子结构上的特征，红外吸收因子Z[I(1380cm^-1)/I(720cm^-1）]能指示不同来源沥青质的母质类型；吸收因子Y[I(1600cm^-1)/I(1450cm^-1)]可以较好地讨论沥青质的成熟度演化状况；沥青质的红外研究认为，所有的沥青质都具有较好的再生烃潜力，其中Ⅲ型母质来源的沥青质具有较好的再生气潜力。而Ⅰ和Ⅱ型母质来源的沥青质具有高的再生油潜力。  相似文献   

Freshwater snail communities and lake classification. An example from the Åland Islands, southwestern Finland     

Ralf Carlsson   《Limnologica》2001,31(2)

The freshwater snail fauna in 51 lakes on the Åland Islands was investigated. By means of cluster analysis it appears that lakes may be divided into four groups on the basis of snail species composition. The lakes of the four groups show a spatial distribution which is related to topographical differences, terrestrial vegetation and land use. Snails may be divided on the basis of water hardness into hard water species and calcium indifferent species or into demanding and modest/indifferent species when clustering is based on presence/absence.  相似文献   

不同成因类型煤中烷基环己烷和烷基苯的特征探讨   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张军营  曾凡桂 《中国煤田地质》1996,8(1):15-19

通过对藻煤、烛煤、腐殖煤共生煤层的分析，将不同成因类型煤中的烷基环己烷和烷基苯进行了比较。结果表明，不同成因类型煤中所含的烷基环己烷和烷基苯明显不同。各种成因类型煤中烷基环己烷和烷基苯所提供的母质信息与煤岩结果吻合。氧化环境不利于烷基环己烷和烷基苯的形成。烷基环己烷和烷基苯有时可以作为沉积环境和成熟度的标志。  相似文献   

秦巴地区中——酸性浅成小岩体与金矿   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

晁援 《陕西地质》1992,(1)

本文叙述了秦岭大巴山地区中——酸性浅成——超浅成侵入——爆破“杂”岩体的地质特征及其分布;叙述了与岩体有成生联系的斑(玢)岩型、矽卡岩型、爆破(隐爆——坍塌)角砾岩型、构造蚀变岩型、热液脉型等类型金矿的地质特征;总结了岩体的成矿模式,同时指出了矿床类型和共(伴)生元素的成矿系列;指出分布在秦巴地区的5个印支期——燕山期岩体带中的21个小岩体群,其中数百个小岩体及其附近有找到多种类型金矿的可能,预测其找矿前景乐观,金矿资源潜力很大。  相似文献   

铀矿床勘探类型之定量划分     

何金周 《铀矿地质》1993,(1)

本文提出矿化连续性分类法,它根据大矿体储量比例,将铀矿床划分为9个勘探类型。  相似文献   

Fluxes of CO<Subscript>2</Subscript>, CH<Subscript>4</Subscript> and N<Subscript>2</Subscript>O from alpine grassland in the Tibetan Plateau   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

PEIZhiyong OUYANGHua ZHOUCaiping XUXingliang 《地理学报(英文版)》2003,13(1):27-34

Using static chamber technique,fluxes of CO2,CH4 and N2O were measured in the alpine grassland area from July 2000 to July 2001,determinations of mean fluxes showed that CO2 and N2O were generally released from the soil,while the alpine grassland accounted for a weak CH4 sink.Fluxes of CO2,CH4 and N2O ranged widely.The highest CO2 emission occurred in August,whereas almost 90?of the whole year emission occurred in the growing season.But the variations of CH4 and N2O fluxes did not show any clear patterns over the one-year-experiment.During a daily variation,the maximum CO2 emission occurred at 16:00,and then decreased to the minimum emission in the early morning.Daily pattern analyses indicated that the variation in CO2 fluxes was positively related to air temperatures(R^2=0.73)and soil temperatures at a depth of 5 cm(R^2=0.86),whereas daily variations in CH4 and N2O fluxes were poorly explained by soil temperatures and climatic variables.CO2 emissions in this area were much lower than other grasslands in plain areas.  相似文献