SOME ANALYSES OF RECENT CHINESE PROVINCIAL DATA     

David K. Y. Chu 《The Professional geographer》1982,34(4):431-437

A complete set of Chinese provincial data has recently been published and may be employed to study the regional variations in China. Great regional inequalities are found in industrial outputs, provisions of university places and distribution of qualified doctors.  相似文献   

On mean sea-level along the Brazilian coast     

A. R. de  Mesquita  A. S. Franco  J. Harari 《Geophysical Journal International》1986,87(1):67-77

Summary. (Part 1) Fourier analyses of mean monthly sea-level data from Belém, Fortaleza, Salvador and Imbituba, ports on the Brazilian coast, are made with simultaneous data of air temperature, sea surface atmospheric pressure, atmospheric precipitation and evaporation. Results show that the mean monthly sea-levels of ports below Recife's latitude show peaks in February-March and April-May which are apparently related to the seasonal temperature changes and the combined action of precipitation, winds and oceanographic large-scale changes. The port of Belém showed a stronger semi-annual seasonal component, which seems to be related to the alternate southern and northern hemispheres' influences of the atmospheric precipitation. (Part 2 of the paper presented at the Symposium concerned the longer term changes of sea-level, including an analysis of principal components. These subjects will be treated in a separate paper.)  相似文献   

Long-term variation of macroinvertebrate assemblages in Apalachee Bay,Florida     

Patricia J. Dugan  Robert J. Livingston 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》1982,14(4):391-403

  相似文献   

Beach sediment temperature variations through depth and time     

Keith Wilson 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》1983,17(5):581-586

Data obtained from a site at mean tide level on Belfast Lough, Northern Ireland, show temperature fluctuations on various timescales. Hourly means differ markedly from month to month but are similar for different depths during the same month. The short-term temperature fluctuations recorded at the surface are largely dissipated at a sediment depth of 20 cm with the proportion of total flux occurring at any depth remaining similar irrespective of the absolute temperature range. It is suggested that temperature flux ratios may provide an objective in situ assessment of beach exposure and/or water flow through sediments. A plea for a standardized methodology is made.  相似文献   

Seasonal and short-term variations in abundance of barnacle larvae near the South-West of the Isle of Man     

S.D. Salman 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》1982,15(3):241-253

Larvae of five species of sessile barnacles were found to be common within 4 miles of Port Erin, Isle of Man. These are Balanus balanoides, B. crenatus, B. balanus, B. hameri and Verucca stroemia. Larvae of other recorded species were very rare or absent.The major larval release of all the common species occurred in late winter and spring, but V. stroemia continued to breed throughout most of the year, and there was some evidence of autumn breeding of B. crenatus on a very small scale. The major release of nauplii by most of these species occurred at the time of the spring diatom outburst.The larval life of each of the four species of Balanus is estimated to last 3–5 weeks, that of V. stroemia 7–8 weeks.Some observations suggested that the larval release of B. balanoides may be stimulated by spring tides, but other observations seemed to contradict this. Larval release may be inhibited by turbulence.  相似文献   

Long term variations in solar flare activity     

J. N. Goswami  R. Jha  D. Lal 《Journal of Astrophysics and Astronomy》1981,2(2):201-212

A statistical analysis of the contemporary (1954-1975) solar flare particle events has been made for the parametersF (integrated, proton fluence in cm^-2 in an event with kinetic energy above 10 MeV) andR ₀ (the characteristic rigidity). These data are compared with the long-term averaged values determined from stable- and radio-nuclide measurements of lunar samples. The analysis shows that the ancient solar flare proton spectrum was harder (higher R₀ values) compared to that observed in contemporary flares. A similar analysis can not be made for the mean long-term averaged flux (ˉJ, cm^-2 S^-1), since the contemporary averages suffer from an uncertainty due to the statistics of a single event. However, the average flux estimates for time durations 〈T〉 exceeding 10³ yr, are free from such uncertainties. The long-term averaged ˉJ values obtained over different time scales (10⁴ - 10⁶ yr) suggest a possible periodic variation in solar flare activity, with enhanced flux level during the last 10⁵ yr. The available data rule out the occurrence of giant flares, with proton fluence exceeding 10¹⁵ cm^-2 during the last million years.  相似文献   

The relationship between abundances of meiofauna and their suspected microbial food (diatoms and bacteria)     

Paul A. Montagna  Bruce C. Coull  Teresa L. Herring  Bettye W. Dudley 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》1983,17(4):381-394

Samples were taken bi-weekly for one year at a sand site and a mud site in the North Inlet Estuary, Georgetown, South Carolina, for meiofauna, their suspected microbial food (bacteria and diatoms), and associated physical factors. Linear regression techniques were used to correlate food abundance and physical factors with the density of meiofaunal taxa. At both sites diatoms positively correlated with meiofauna taxa, but bacteria did not. Physical factors were not correlated with meiofaunal or microbial abundances at the sand site. Whereas, at the mud site meiofauna and diatom abundances were positively correlated with the depth of the redox layer and inversely correlated with temperature. Peaks of meiofaunal abundance did not follow peaks of food abundance. Analysis of copepods at the species level indicated that taxa response was due to the response of the dominant species. Even though some correlations existed, this study suggests that copepod species and meiofauna at the gross taxonomic level do not respond to changes in potential food abundance. Physical factors apparently influence both meiofauna and diatoms in the same fashion. However, bacterial abundance was not positively correlated with any of the factors studied.  相似文献   

Intertidal macroalgae and macroinvertebrates: Seasonal and spatial abundance patterns along an estuarine gradient     

Morgan N. Hardwick-Witman  Arthur C. Mathieson 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》1983,16(2):113-129

Quantitative sampling of the dominant intertidal epibiota was conducted seasonally along an estuarine gradient within the Great Bay Estuary System, New Hampshire, U.S.A. The abundance and zonation of the dominant macroorganisms varied with distance into the estuary. Replacement of marine by estuarine species occurred, and overall abundance and species richness decreased along the estuarine gradient. Zonation patterns within the inner estuary were primarily allied with substrata. Maximum abundance of invertebrates occurred in the mid-intertidal zone where a dense fucoid canopy provided habitat heterogeneity. Densities of epibiotic organisms decreased toward low water, especially in the inner estuary where hard substratum was limiting. Settlement blocks, introduced into the low intertidal zone, were dominated by barnacles and fucoid algae; after 16 months, the species composition on the settlement blocks resembled the adjacent community. Semibalanus balanoides settled in the spring, while Fucus vesiculosus var. spiralis exhibited low but constant settlement. Despite the physical rigors of the estuarine environment, only Semibalanus balanoides, Ilyanassa obsoleta and Spartina alterniflora showed significant seasonal changes in density. Thus, there are predictable and persistent epibiotic species assemblages within the intertidal zone of the Great Bay Estuary System.  相似文献   

Mixing caused by lateral internal seiching within a partially mixed estuary     

K.R. Dyer 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》1982,15(4):443-457

The salinity fluctuations at an STD near the halocline in Southampton Water have been spectrally analysed. Mixing is shown to commence at a layer Richardson number of about 20. The predominant energy inputs have periods of 7–9 and 3·5–4·5 min. These motions arise from lateral internal seiching and it is considered that they are produced by interaction of the surface seiche with the shallow side of the estuary. The wavelengths of the standing wave are calculated to be about 120 and 60 m respectively, and these compare well with echo-sounding surveys of the elevation of the halocline.  相似文献   

Non-tidal variations in the deflection of the vertical at Beijing Observatory   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Z.X. Li  H. Li  Y.F. Li  Y.B. Han 《Journal of Geodesy》2005,78(10):588-593

At Beijing Observatory both astrometric and gravimetric observations are available to study the non-tidal variations in the deflections of the vertical (or non-tidal plumbline variations, PLVs). From repeated gravimetric observations performed in a network around the observatory, the PLVs at Beijing Observatory during the period 1987.0–1996.0 have been calculated. After comparison with the observational residuals (which also contain the PLV components) of the photoelectric astrolabe located at the observatory, the accuracy of the obtained PLV results has been examined. It is shown that, due to the asymmetry of the gravimetric network, the qualities of the two different PLV components are not equal. The longitude component of the PLV at Beijing has been determined successfully, to be of the order of 0.05, with a contribution of about 0.02 in the inter-annual time scale. The result for the latitude PLV component is not good enough to draw a conclusion. Although both techniques are able to measure the PLV, the result of the determination depends very much on the availability of observational data.  相似文献