1961～2017年雅鲁藏布江河谷地区夏季气候暖干化趋势     

赤曲  周顺武  多典洛珠  王传辉  孙阳 《气候与环境研究》2020,25(3):281-291

基于1961～2017年青藏高原腹地雅鲁藏布江河谷地区4个站（拉萨、日喀则、泽当和江孜）夏季（6～8月）月平均气温、降水和相对湿度等观测资料,分析了该地区夏季气候年际和年代际演变特征,并探讨了气温、降水和相对湿度在年际和年代际时间尺度上的相互关系以及与总云量和地面水汽压的联系。结果表明:（1）1961～2017年该地区夏季气候出现了暖干化趋势。气温（相对湿度）显著升高（下降）,降水趋势变化不明显;本世纪初气温（相对湿度）均发生了显著的突变。（2）该地区夏季气候因子间在年际和年代际时间尺度上存在密切关系:气温与相对湿度和降水均存在明显的负相关,降水与相对湿度为正相关。（3）该地区夏季气候因子间的年际和年代际变化与同期总云量和地面水汽变化有关。1961～2017年总云量持续减少是气温显著升高的主要原因之一,气温的显著升高和降水变化不明显又造成了相对湿度的显著下降。  相似文献   

50 a来我国东北及邻近地区年降水量的年代际异常变化   总被引：11，自引：1，他引：10  

侯依玲  李栋梁  施雅风  沈永平 《冰川冻土》2005,27(6):838-845

利用中国东北地区195个和蒙古国6个气象台站的年降水量资料, 利用EOF、 REOF和分段线性拟合等方法, 分析了50 a来东北及其邻近地区年降水量的年代际异常变化. 结果表明: 1)50 a来的降水变化, 东北演变过程为多-少-多; 华北的演变过程为多-少. 自1980年代起, 东北地区由干变湿, 而华北地区则由湿变干. 2)降水主要呈3种分布形式: 全区一致型; 南北反向型; 南北部一致与中部相反分布型. 3)降水量总体呈下降趋势, 但近30 a来东北北部有增湿趋势, 而南部的干旱化一直在加剧. 4)大部分地区的降水量在1970年代中期和1980年代初期经历了一次突变, 但是变化的方向、范围及时间各地不尽一致.  相似文献   

太平洋年代际振荡的研究进展   总被引：58，自引：8，他引：50  

杨修群  朱益民  谢倩  任雪娟  徐桂玉 《大气科学》2004,28(6):979-992

作者以太平洋年代际振荡(PDO)现象为重点,系统地回顾了太平洋年代际变率观测、模拟和理论研究的国内外进展.在PDO时空结构方面,总结了PDO的基本观测事实,在PDO成因方面,从海洋大气相互作用观点出发比较了三类PDO形成机制的理论或假说,讨论了现有理论或假说中存在的若干问题,并提出了未来研究的方向和需要解决的关键科学问题.作者也简要介绍了东亚及中国气候年代际变化的特征及其和太平洋海表温度异常的联系,并讨论了东亚大气环流异常在PDO形成中的可能作用.  相似文献   

Oscillation characteristics of summer precipitation in the Huaihe River valley and relevant climate background   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

WEI FengYing & ZHANG Ting State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather  Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences  Beijing  China 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2010,(2)

Based on the summer precipitation data from the Huaihe River valley and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River from 1922 to 2007,we analyzed the interannual and interdecadal oscillation and probability distribution characteristics of summer precipitation in the Huaihe River valley during the same period,using the wavelet transform and generalized extreme distribution methods.Whereby,we studied the climate background of East Asia Summer Monsoon (EASM),Sea Surface Temperature (SST),East Asia teleco...  相似文献   

Interdecadal variability of temperature and precipitation in China since 1880   总被引：28，自引：0，他引：28  

WANG Shaowu  ZHU Jinhong  CAI Jingning 《大气科学进展》2004,21(3):307-313

Reconstruction of a homogeneous temperature and precipitation series for China is crucial for a proper understanding of climate change over China. The annual mean temperature anomaly series of ten regions are found from 1880 to 2002. Positive anomalies over China during the 1920s and 1940s are noticeable.The linear trend for the period of 1880-2002 is 0.58℃ (100a)^-1, which is a little less than the global mean (0.60℃ (100a)^-l). 1998 was the warmest year in China since 1880, which is in agreement with theestimation of the global mean temperature. The mean precipitation on a national scale depends mainly on the precipitation over East China. Variations of precipitation in West China show some characteristics which are independent of those in the east. However, the 1920s was the driest decade not only for the east, but also for eastern West China during the last 120 years. The most severe drought on a national scale occurred in 1928. Severe droughts also occurred in 1920, 1922, 1926, and 1929 in North China.It is noticeable that precipitation over East China was generally above normal in the 1950s and 1990s;severe floods along the Yangtze River in 1954, 1991, and 1998 only occurred in these two wet decades.An increasing trend in precipitation variations is observed during the second half of the 20th century in West China, but a similar trend is not found in East China, where the 20- to 40-year periodicities are predominant in the precipitation variations.  相似文献   

INTERANNUAL AND INTERDECADAL VARIATIONS OF LARGE-SCALE MOISTURE SINKS OVER GUANGDONG   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

简茂球  陈蔚翔  乔云亭  袁卓建 《热带气象学报(英文版)》2008,14(1):33-36

The interannual and interdecadal variations of moisture sinks over Guangdong are discussed with the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data and observed precipitation data from 1958 to 2004. The results indicate that climatically, the amount of precipitation is larger than that of evaporation in spring and summer.Precipitation and evaporation almost balance each other in autumn and the amount of evaporation is larger than that of precipitation in winter. The interannual signal dominates the variations of moisture sinks in all seasons in Guangdong with a period of three-year oscillation in autumn and winter. Remarkable interdecadal signal characterized by a period of three-decade oscillation can be identified for winter and spring from seasonally averaged moisture sink data and from annually moisture data, with variance percentage larger than 40%. This result indicates that Guangdong is at a transitional stage from positive anomalies to negative anomalies. The moisture sink anomalies in winter and following spring over Guangdong are usually in-phase. Besides, there exist periodic oscillations with periods of 10 to 15 years in summer and autumn. The positive (negative) anomalies of moisture sinks over Guangdong are due to the intensified (weakened) moisture from the tropical areas being transported to the Southern China, accompanied by an intensified (weakened) moisture convergence.  相似文献   

1873～2000年东亚夏季风变化的研究   总被引：43，自引：5，他引：43  

郭其蕴  蔡静宁  邵雪梅  沙万英 《大气科学》2004,28(2):206-215

根据英国的海平面气压(SLP)资料计算了1873～1950年东亚夏季风指数(IsM)与用NCEP的SLP资料计算的1951～2000年IsM衔接,构成128年的IsM序列.用功率谱及子波变换方法分析了IsM的变化,指出80年周期最突出,其次尚有40年周期,8～10年周期及准2年周期.分析表明,夏季风弱时中国东部夏季气温低,降水自北向南为负、正、负分布.夏季风强时,气温偏高,降水异常为正、负、正分布.对年际变化而言,降水与夏季风的关系要复杂一些,至少副热带高压的变化对降水也有重要作用.  相似文献   

南印度洋副热带偶极子的年代际转变特征     

刘凯  冯俊乔  鲁云龙  段华 《海洋与湖沼》2023,54(4):974-986

为了增进对南印度洋副热带偶极子(Subtropical Indian Ocean Dipole,SIOD)年代际变化的认识,基于Hadley中心的海表面温度(sea surface temperature,SST)、美国国家环境预报中心的大气再分析数据集Ⅰ(NCEP-NCAR Reanalysis1,NCEP)的大气再分析数据和欧洲中期天气预报中心的海洋再分析数据(Ocean Reanalysis System 4,ORAS4)等,本文分析了1958～2020年SIOD年代际转变的特征和物理机制。结果显示,2000年之前,SIOD存在2～4 a和4～6 a两个年际主周期,但近20 a(2000～2020年)其年际变化周期以1.5～2.0 a为主。与此同时,SIOD的空间特征及其强度在1987年和2004年左右出现了两次显著的年代际转变:1958～1986年(P1)期间强度最大,1987～2003年(P2)期间最弱,2004～2020年(P3)期间居中;P1期间SIOD的最大正SST异常(sea surface temperature anomalies,SSTA)中心位于(46°～80...  相似文献   

INTERRELATION BETWEEN EAST-ASIAN WINTER MONSOON AND INDIAN/PACIFIC SST WITH THE INTERDECADAL VARIATION     

徐建军  朱乾根  孙照渤 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》1998,(3)

Investigated statistically is the interrelation between East Asian winter monsoon(EAWM)and SST over sensitive areas of the Indian and Pacific Oceans.with focus on the relation of EAWMto strong ENSO signal area.i.e.,the equatorial eastern Pacific(EEP)SST.Evidence suggeststhat the EAWM variation is intimately associated not only with the EEP SST but with theequatorial western Pacific“warm pool”and equatorial Indian/northwestern Pacific Kuroshio SSTas well:the EAWM and ENSO interact strongly with each other on the interannual time scales,exhibiting pronounced interdecadal variation mainly under the joint effect of the monsoon QBO andthe monsoon/SST background field features on an interdecadal basis—when both fields are in thesame phase(anti-phase).strong EAWM contributes to EEP SST rise(drop)in the followingwinter,corresponding to a warm(cold)ENSO cycle;the EAWM QBO causes ENSO cycle to bestrong phase-locked with seasonal variation,making the EEP SST rise lasting from April—May toMay—June of the next year,which plays an important role in maintaining a warm ENSO phase.  相似文献   

北极涛动的年代际变化及其气候影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

王林  龚海楠  兰晓青 《大气科学学报》2021,44(1):50-60

北极涛动(Arctic Oscillation,AO)是北半球热带外地区大气环流变率的主导模态,对北半球以及区域尺度气温变化具有重要影响。AO可在没有外强迫条件下通过波流相互作用形成,因此它被认为是全球气候系统内部变率的重要组成部分。研究年代际尺度上AO的变化及其气候影响,可加深对当前北半球气候变化规律的物理理解,也可为预估未来年代际尺度上气候变化及其不确定性提供科学依据。本文从AO影响东亚冬季风年代际变化的物理机制、AO对北半球冬季气温长期趋势的贡献、AO年代际影响的不确定性三个方面出发,简要回顾和总结了近年来有关年代际尺度上冬季AO时空变化及其对北半球气候影响的研究成果,并初步展望一些值得继续深入研究的问题。  相似文献