试析刘宋统治区的气候波动与水旱灾害     

刘继宪 《干旱气象》2005,23(4):66-72

刘宋时期虽然整体上属于历史气候变迁中的寒冷期,不过期间存在气温的波动。刘宋初年气温较低,元嘉中后期升至波峰,泰始年间降至波谷,刘宋末年气温再度升高。这种波动通过当时的各种气候资料表现出来,同时也反映在当时的水旱灾害发生特点上。一般在寒冷期,水灾发生的时间要晚,反之,则早。刘宋时期梅雨期到来的早晚和降水量的多少,受制于这种气候波动,同时也影响到当时水旱灾害的发生状况,是这种气温波动的集中表现。  相似文献   

甚低频电磁法在柴胡栏子金矿间接找矿中的应用   总被引：8，自引：5，他引：3  

姜永兰  付占荣  孙家枢  唐永章 《地质与勘探》2005,41(1):77-79

老矿山资源危机迫切需要经济有效的找矿手段,在矿区外围寻找新矿段,增加开采储量.甚低频电磁法(VLF-EM)是可以选择的对象.在具备甚低频电磁法应用的地质、地球物理前提下,通过对所测数据进行技术处理,并且结合矿区地质研究控矿规律及矿体赋存规律,从而有效地圈定掩盖区异常地质体及其产状和展布方向,预测矿体空间赋存部位,为深部找矿提供依据.  相似文献   

东濮凹陷古近系沙河街组沙三段沉积期湖岸线的变化及岩相古地理特征   总被引：15，自引：7，他引：8       下载免费PDF全文

纪友亮  冯建辉  王声朗  张宏安  王德仁 《古地理学报》2005,7(2):145-156

东濮凹陷沙三段地层为深水相暗色泥岩与砂岩频繁互层及深水相暗色泥岩与盐膏岩频繁互层.这种砂体是东濮凹陷很重要的含油气储层。过去这种砂体往往按照静态的模式被解释为重力流成因,随着勘探的不断深入,越来越多的证据表明这些砂体中存在着牵引流和暴露地表的标志,其成因和沉积模式需要重新认识。东濮凹陷沙三段沉积时期,湖平面变化频繁,有长周期,也有短周期。根据录井、电性及岩心等资料识别出湖平面变化的5级周期,其变化频率约为1000次/Ma。根据计算,东濮凹陷沙三段沉积时期湖水最大深度为30 m。高水位沉积期,湖岸线距盆地中心较远,盆地沉积中心发育暗色泥岩夹薄层碳酸盐岩,盆地边缘发育粗碎屑岩沉积;水位下降期,边缘相砂体不断向盆地中心进积;低水位期湖岸线向盆地中心退缩了1030 km,盆地沉积中心发育盐膏岩沉积,盐膏岩的周围发育低水位三角洲、扇三角洲和滨湖滩坝相的粗碎屑岩体。正是由于湖平面的变化引起的湖岸线迁移,导致高水位沉积期和低水位期湖盆的岩相古地理面貌发生很大的变化,根据这种动态的模式来预测砂体的分布,在指导油气勘探中产生了明显的效果。  相似文献   

1998年中国区域降水低频变化的传播机制的初步分析   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

徐国强  朱乾根  薛纪善  何金海 《大气科学》2004,28(5):736-746

使用美国NCEP/NCAR再分析和中国实际降水的逐日资料,研究了1998年夏季中国区域低频降水传播变化的机制.结果显示,(1)中国中东部地区低频降水经向传播都与南海季风和印度季风的变化相对应,低频降水在经向传播中存在不连续现象,是由于低频下沉气流造成的;(2)中国中部区域低频降水纬向传播特征是在不同时间低频降水的纬向传播方向有明显差别,初步认为造成这种现象的可能机制是纬向风气流的变化;(3)高原地区与平原地区之间的低频雨带活动具有不连续性,这是由于在高原东坡存在低频下沉补偿气流造成的.  相似文献   

库水升降作用下浮托减重型滑坡稳定性研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

赵代鹏  王世梅  谈云志  占清华 《岩土力学》2013,34(4):1017-1024

大坝建成后形成众多涉水滑坡。为研究库水位升降作用对涉水边坡稳定性的影响机制,基于重大涉水滑坡分类,针对浮托减重型滑坡,运用自主研制的滑坡模型试验系统,建立浮托减重型滑坡模型进行库水升降作用试验。试验结果表明,库水位升高,滑坡模型体内有效应力随之减小;库水位降低,有效应力随之增大。对于模型试验过程,运用Geo-studio软件进行渗流及稳定性计算,对照试验结果与数值模拟结果得出土压力及孔隙水压力渗流模拟变化情况与试验实测变化情况基本吻合。库水位上升阶段,滑坡稳定性系数随之减小;库水位下降阶段,滑坡稳定性系数随之降低。由此分析得出库水升降对浮托减重型滑坡稳定性的影响规律是：库水位上升引起滑坡体内阻滑段有效应力随之减小,导致滑坡稳定性降低;库水位下降引起滑坡体内阻滑段有效应力随之增加,使得滑坡稳定性提高。  相似文献   

北京五里营水温干扰分析及解决     

武晓东  王志惠  朱石军 《大地测量与地球动力学》2012,32(Z1):96-97

北京五里营井水温每天都有24次锯齿状畸变,有很好的规律性,经分析认为是气氡观测对水温造成影响.将气氡和水温供电分离,并在水温地线和地网之间增加一个电感,以阻挡其他干扰信号由地线反馈到观测仪器,改造后水温脉冲干扰彻底消除,观测质量明显提高.  相似文献   

Characteristics of precipitation in northern Mauritania and its links with sea surface temperature     

O.C.A. Ahmedou  H. Yasuda  K. Wang  K. Hattori 《Journal of Arid Environments》2008,72(12):2243-2250

This paper deals with the periodic fluctuation of precipitation at three meteorological stations (Atar, Chenguitti, and Akjoujt) in the Adrar and Inchiri provinces in northern Mauritania and its links with sea surface temperature (SST). Trends for these three meteorological stations were evaluated using the Mann–Kendall (MK) nonparametric test, regression analysis, and autocorrelation for persistence analysis. The MK test showed a significant decreasing trend for Akjoujt and an insignificant trend for the other rainfall time series. However, the decreasing linear regression trends were highly significant for the different time series. On the other hand, persistence analysis indicated the presence of a linear Markov type. The cycles found by power spectrum analysis ranged from 0.5 years to about 11 years. The possibility of a connection between precipitation in this region and sunspot numbers was suggested. SST of the Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean, and Mediterranean Sea have significant cross-correlations with precipitation in the study area. The El Niño-Southern Oscillation effect was found to be marginal.  相似文献   

Late Quaternary palaeosols in the Yangtze Delta, China, and their palaeoenvironmental implications   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Qingqiang Chen  Congxian Li  Ping Li  Baozhu Liu  Heping Sun 《Geomorphology》2008,100(3-4):465-483

The stiff clays beneath Holocene strata in the Yangtze Delta are interpreted as palaeosols, based on pedogenic features including illuvial argillans, voids, cracks, iron–manganese concretions and nodules, and carbonate materials. Variations in clay content with depth, the occurrence of foraminifera, and the environmental magnetism characteristics of the palaeosols suggest that their parent materials are floodplain deposits. Anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) parameters of the sediments correlate well both with sedimentary dynamics and depositional processes in different sedimentary environments, and AMS analysis may be a useful tool for inferring sedimentary environments. Based on their considerable thickness (> 3.0 m), vertical changes of palaeosol maturity, and occurrence of ageing argillans throughout the palaeosols, the palaeosols are inferred to be compound ones (pedocomplexes) resulting from alternating deposition and pedogenesis on the palaeointerfluve of the Yangtze River. Phytoliths in the palaeosols indicate that climates turned generally from warm and wet to cold and dry with marked fluctuations during development of the palaeosols. This suggests that the palaeosols developed mainly during the marine regression prior to the last glacial maximum. The vertical distribution of manganese materials (e.g., concretions, nodules, speckles and mottles) in the palaeosols suggests that the groundwater tables were about 2.0–3.0 m beneath the upper boundary of the palaeosols during their development. Yellow–brown streaks and speckles are abundant from the middle to lower parts of the palaeosols, and layers with high CaCO₃ content occur in the strata just beneath the palaeosols, but which lack caliche, suggesting that the groundwater table fluctuated markedly during their development. Voids and cracks filled with clays, and carbonate nodules (less than 0.1 mm in diameter) with thin iron–manganese rims are abundant in the palaeosols, indicating that wet and dry seasons were marked during the palaeosol development. It is suggested that the monsoonal influence was marked in the Yangtze Delta, with both winter and summer monsoons strongly developed during the development of the late Quaternary palaeosols.  相似文献   

基于EMD的景区客流波动特征及其组合预测——以黄山风景区为例     

余向洋  沙润  朱国兴  胡善风 《地理科学进展》2012,31(10):1353-1359

旅游地的发展演化过程研究大多采用Bulter 的生命周期理论路径, 少有文献从波动的视角理解和分析旅游地的发展演化过程。本文以黄山风景区为例, 采用经验模态分解方法(EMD)尝试从波动的视角分析景区客流波动特征, 并利用波动性特征对其发展进行组合预测(经验模态分解方法和最小二乘支持向量机方法的组合)。研究结果表明:黄山景区客流波动呈现出多种形态, 在增长趋势的基础上叠加了季节性波动、景区旅游周期波动和景区经济周期波动。其与最小二乘支持向量机组合预测模型能够对景区客流进行有效预测, 并且运算速度快, 预测精度有所提高;与生命周期曲线相比较更加直观、微观、准确, 并且能够进行较为准确的客流预报, 有助于景区规划管理和战略决策。  相似文献   

库水位波动条件下万州瓦窑坪滑坡稳定性分析          下载免费PDF全文

唐志政  汪洋  吴晔 《水文地质工程地质》2015,42(1):129-133

库水位波动对滑坡的稳定性变化有重要影响,传统的定值分析方法未能考虑土体强度参数取值的不定性,而概率分析法能考虑土体强度参数分布的随机性,对库区滑坡的稳定性分析提供了更有力的依据。文章以万州瓦窑坪滑坡为例,在基于库水位实际波动进行拟合的条件下对滑坡的渗流场进行了模拟,同时对不同水位下滑坡的稳定性和破坏概率进行了分析。结果表明,滑坡在库水位波动条件下整体稳定性系数均大于1,处于基本稳定状态,滑坡具有低危险性。库水位下降到160.47 m水位时,边坡破坏概率超过30%,具有中等危险性。采用R/S分析法对监测数据进行分析,结果表明滑坡具有持续性的小变形,滑坡处于基本稳定状态,与稳定性分析结果一致。  相似文献