1991年夏东亚阻塞高压形成的诊断分析   总被引：20，自引：6，他引：14  

王亚非  宋永加 《气象学报》1998,56(2):212-224

文中将１９９１年夏季在东亚地区发生的阻塞高压分为发展期,旺盛期及衰亡期等３个阶段进行了细致的诊断分析。发现在东亚阻塞高压的第一、二阶段其上游有明显的波活动通量与２～６ｄ尺度的Ｅ矢量通量传播。即定常罗斯贝波的传播与天气尺度扰动的共同作用有利于东亚阻塞高压的维持。第一阶段西风气流的分支处有比第二阶段更为明显的南北向分布的涡动位势涡度的辐散辐合偶极子说明了天气尺度扰动给阻塞高压的发展提供了很重要的能源,显然天气尺度扰动在阻塞高压的发展阶段起着比旺盛阶段更为显著的作用。本文还注意到乌拉尔阻塞高压的崩溃与东亚阻塞高压形成的某些联系。  相似文献   

ON THE MAINTENANCE OF BLOCKING ANTICYCLONES OF NORTHERN HEMISPHERE-PARTⅠ:QUASI-GEOSTROPHIC POTENTIAL VORTICITY ANALYSIS     

Liu Hui  Wu Guoxiong  Zeng Qingcun 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》1996,10(2):142-147

Four observed blocking anticyclones in different regions of the Northern Hemisphere are investigated.Analyses show that there exist distinct differences in the maintenance of the time-mean quasi-geostrophic potential vorticity(PV) low in 300 hPa within blocking areas.In two Pacific blocking cases,the PV advection by time-mean flow tends to flow the PV low to northwestern part of the blocking highs,and thus is beneficial to the maintenance of the blockings'strength.The transfer by transient eddies acts to balance the effect of the time-mean flow.In the Atlantic and Alaska blocking cases,however,the advection of mean flow tends to flow the PV low eastward.The PV transfer by transient eddies acts to flow potential vorticity low to the western part of the blocking ridges and also to balance the time-mean flow's effect.Thus,in the latter two cases,it is the transfer by the transient eddies that acts to maintain the blockings.  相似文献   

夏季西太平洋副热带高压异常时的东亚大气环流特征   总被引：28，自引：13，他引：28       下载免费PDF全文

张庆云  陶诗言 《大气科学》2003,27(3):369-380

利用NCAR/NCEP月平均再分析资料,探讨夏季西太平洋副热带高压异常时东亚热带季风、梅雨锋及中高纬环流的变化特征.研究表明:夏季西太平洋副热带高压脊线异常偏南或脊点异常偏西时,东亚夏季风环流偏弱,850 hPa矢量风距平场上东亚热带地区出现反气旋性环流,副热带地区呈气旋性环流,500 hPa垂直速度距平场上东亚热带地区上升运动减弱,梅雨锋区上升运动加强,500 hPa高度上东亚高纬鄂霍次克海区域出现阻塞高压,高纬冷空气直达中纬度,梅雨锋扰动加强,造成江淮流域汛期降水偏多.夏季西太平洋副热带高压脊线异常偏北或脊点异常偏东时,东亚夏季风环流偏强,东亚大气环流系统的活动出现了与上述情况相反的异常型,江淮流域汛期降水偏少.  相似文献   

热带对流层上空东风带扰动影响西太平洋副热带高压的个例分析   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

姚秀萍吴国雄  刘屹岷刘还珠 《气象学报》2007,65(2):198-207

利用NCEP/NCAR1000—10hPa2.5°×2.5°日平均和每日4次再分析资料,分析了2003年6月19—25日热带对流层上空东风带扰动对西太平洋副热带高压东西向进退的影响。结果表明:热带对流层上空东风带扰动从对流层中低层伸展到50hPa高度附近,在200hPa上表现最为明显,在热力场上表现出“上暖强,下冷弱”的垂直分布特征。当西太平洋副热带高压南/北侧的东/西风带上的扰动在相向运动中抵达同一经度上时,对应于西太平洋副热带高压的异常东退。垂直涡度方程的诊断分析表明:在东风带扰动附近,涡度倾向效应贯穿于对流层整层到50hPa高度上,在200hPa高度附近表现最显著,当高层东风带扰动东/西侧的负/正变涡增强时,当东/西风带扰动在相向移动过程中,它们涡度倾向正值区在130°E南北打通时,西太平洋副热带高压出现突然东撤。涡度方程分析还表明,对于涡度倾向变化的贡献中,水平涡度平流的贡献最大、β效应的贡献最小;当东风带扰动附近的水平涡度平流和β效应增强时、且由β效应所引起的东/西风带扰动中的南、北风分量在130°E附近南北同相迭加出现“正压发展”时,有显著的正涡度增长,对应于西太平洋副热带高压的东撤。  相似文献   

西太平洋副热带高压和台风相互作用的数值试验研究   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

任素玲刘屹岷  吴国雄 《气象学报》2007,65(3):329-340

利用1958—1998年台风资料,对台风路径进行分类,挑选出3类常见路径作为研究对象,通过合成分析,证实不同的台风路径所对应的副热带高压(副高)形势不同。台风西行时,西太平洋副热带高压势力强大,呈东西向带状,台风沿着副高南部西行,副高在整个过程中西伸;转向路径时,副高开始呈东西向带状,随着台风的移动副高主体东退,在160°E附近中间断裂;北上路径的台风对应的副高主体偏东。在此基础上,利用气候模式R42L9在不同的初始场中加入相同的温度扰动,成功模拟出西行和北上路径的台风,验证了不同副高形态对台风路径的不同影响。对模拟结果的分析还发现,台风可以引起正压Rossby波向中高纬度的传播。由于背景流场不同,不同移动路径的台风其波动能量的传播路径也不同,从而对中高纬度环流和西太平洋副高产生不同的影响:与北上台风不同,西行台风在其西北方向激发出正变高,使西太平洋副高加强西伸。  相似文献   

副热带高压研究回顾及对几个基本问题的再认识   总被引：44，自引：3，他引：41  

刘屹岷  吴国雄 《气象学报》2000,58(4):500-512

文中在回顾有关副热带高压研究的基础上 ,指出传统的观念在东太平洋副热带高压和西太平洋副热带高压的关系、下沉运动和副热带高压的形成、热带加热异常与副热带高压异常的关系、副热带高压与其周边系统的关系等问题上存在一定的局限。并根据近期的研究成果对上述问题给出新的认识。最后文中展望了在副热带高压的研究中需进一步深入的几个方面 :不同纬度相互作用、青藏高原的作用、时间尺度 -内部动力过程和外界强迫的相对重要性、非线性过程和角动量平衡问题。  相似文献   

Tracing the boundary layer sources of carbon monoxide in the Asian summer monsoon anticyclone using WRF-Chem   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Renchang Yan  Jianchun Bian 《大气科学进展》2015,32(7):943-951

The Asian summer monsoon(ASM) anticyclone is a dominant feature of the circulation in the upper troposphere–lower stratosphere(UTLS) during boreal summer, which is found to have persistent maxima in carbon monoxide(CO). This enhancement is due to the upward transport of air with high CO from the planetary boundary layer(PBL), and confinement within the anticyclonic circulation. With rapid urbanization and industrialization, CO surface emissions are relatively high in the ASM region, especially in India and East China. To reveal the transport pathway of CO surface emissions over these two regions, and investigate the contribution of these to the CO distribution within the ASM anticyclone, a source sensitivity experiment was performed using the Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF) with chemistry model(WRFChem). According to the experiment results, the CO within the ASM anticyclone mostly comes from India, while the contribution from East China is insignificant. The result is mainly caused by the different transportation mechanisms. In India,CO transportation is primarily affected by convection. The surface air with high CO over India is directly transported to the upper troposphere, and then confined within the ASM anticyclone, leading to a maximum value in the UTLS region. The CO transportation over East China is affected by deep convection and large-scale circulation, resulting mainly in transportation to Korea, Japan, and the North Pacific Ocean, with little upward transport to the anticyclone, leading to a high CO value at215 h Pa over these regions.  相似文献   

The role of deformation and other quantities in an equation for enstrophy as applied to atmospheric blocking     

《Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans》2014

In this note, equations for enstrophy and enstrophy advection are derived in terms of well-known quantities, assuming horizontal frictionless flow on a beta-plane. Specifically, enstrophy can be written in terms of the geopotential (or pressure), relative vorticity, zonal wind, and resultant deformation. Enstrophy advection is shown to be related to the time evolution of deformation and ageostrophic relative vorticity. Based on previous research, these terms may contribute to instability associated with atmospheric blocking development and decay.  相似文献   

Potential Vorticity Diagnostic Analysis on the Impact of the Easterlies Vortex on the Short-term Movement of the Subtropical Anticyclone over the Western Pacific in the Mei-yu Period     

Xiuping YAO  Qin ZHANG  Xiao ZHANG 《大气科学进展》2020,37(9):1019-1031

By employing NCEP-NCAR 1°×1° reanalysis datasets, the mechanism of the easterlies vortex(EV) affecting the short-term movement of the subtropical anticyclone over the western Pacific(WPSA) in the mei-yu period is examined using potential vorticity(PV) theory. The results show that when the EV and the westerlies vortex(WV) travel west/east to the same longitude of 120°E, the WPSA suddenly retreats. The EV and WV manifest as the downward transport of PV in the upper troposphere, and the variation of the corresponding high-value regions of PV significantly reflects the intensity changes of the EV and WV. The meridional propagation of PV causes the intensity change of the EV. The vertical movement on both sides of the EV is related to the position of the EV relative to the WPSA and the South Asian high(SAH). When the high PV in the easterlies and westerlies arrive at the same longitude in the meridional direction, the special circulation pattern will lower the position of PV isolines at the ridge line of the WPSA. Thus, the cyclonic circulation at the lower level will be strengthened, causing the abnormally eastward retreat of the WPSA. Analysis of the PV equation at the isentropic surface indicates that when the positive PV variation west of the EV intensifies, it connects with the positive PV variation east of the WV, forming a positive PV band and making the WPSA retreat abnormally. The horizontal advection of the PV has the greatest effect. The contribution of the vertical advection of PV and the vertical differential of heating is also positive, but the values are relatively small. The contribution of the residual was negative and it becomes smaller before and after the WPSA retreats.  相似文献   

夏季大西洋Niňo基本特征及其与中国夏季降水异常的联系          下载免费PDF全文

李忠贤  余滔  曾刚  邓伟涛  王健治  吴玲玲 《大气科学学报》2019,42(6):835-844

利用NCEP-DOE AMIP-Ⅱ再分析资料、Hadley中心海表温度资料以及全国160站降水资料,运用经验正交函数(Empirical Orthogonal Function,EOF)分解和回归分析等方法,研究了夏季大西洋Niňo的变化特征及其与中国夏季降水异常的联系。结果表明:夏季大西洋Niňo是热带大西洋海温异常的第一EOF模态,其方差贡献率为33.7%,具有明显的年际变化特征。当夏季大西洋Niňo处于暖位相时,对流层低层西北太平洋地区出现明显的异常反气旋,受其影响,西太平洋副热带高压强度增强、位置西伸,中国华南地区出现显著的西南风异常,有利于西太平洋副热带高压西南侧的水汽向中国长江流域及其以北地区输送,使中国长江流域和华北地区降水增多,而中国东南沿海地区则受西北太平洋异常反气旋控制,不利于降水发生;反之亦然。  相似文献