深海会聚区波导不变量特征研究及应用     

唐帅  笪良龙  徐国军  崔宝龙 《海洋科学》2014,38(7):82-88

为了解决深海会聚区目标及其运动态势难以判断的问题,在研究会聚区形成条件和其声场传播规律以及波导不变量理论的基础上,对典型深海环境不同位置的声强距离-频率分布图中的干涉条纹特征进行理论分析和仿真验证。结果表明,深海会聚区存在与其他区域不同的干涉条纹特征,其对应的波导不变量?值为负。本文提出了利用会聚区特有的干涉条纹特征,对会聚区目标及其运动态势进行初步判断的方法,仿真结果和试验数据表明,判断方法具有可行性和有效性。  相似文献   

北太平洋中尺度涡时空特征分析   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

郑聪聪  杨宇星  王法明 《海洋科学》2014,38(10):105-112

利用1993~2011年19 a的AVISO卫星高度计资料研究了北太平洋(10°~60°N,120°E~100°W)中尺度涡的时空分布特征,结果表明:北太平洋每年约产生1 800余个涡旋,其中气旋涡稍多。北太平洋东部沿岸、西北沿岸、黑潮延伸体北侧、副热带逆流区是中尺度涡的高发区,春、冬季是涡旋的高发季节。涡极性分布以35°N为界,北部多反气旋涡,南部多气旋涡。涡旋半径以100 km左右为主,并且基本随纬度升高而减小,涡旋数量随着周期增长而急剧下降。反气旋涡的平均半径和周期均大于气旋涡。利用Argo浮标剖面资料分析的6个个例涡旋的垂直结构显示,每个涡旋都有其独特的冷暖核结构,深度不同。研究结果对于分析北太平洋涡动能分布及传输具有一定的参考价值。  相似文献   

北方一次暖区大暴雨强降水成因探讨   总被引：19，自引：11，他引：8  

徐珺  杨舒楠  孙军  张芳华  谌芸 《气象》2014,40(12):1455-1463

2012年7月7日黄淮出现一次典型暖区大暴雨过程,降水持续时间长、强度大和强降水范围集中,中尺度特征明显。本文通过常规和非常规观测、NCEP分析资料对该次黄淮暖切变线引发的豫东北、鲁南和苏北等地大暴雨天气过程的成因进行探讨,结果表明:整层高湿环境有利于降低暖区暴雨对抬升条件的要求、提高降水效率和局地不断产生中尺度对流系统;低层垂直风切变和超低空急流在对流触发和维持中可能有重要作用;次天气及以下尺度的抬升条件,如地面辐合线、925和850 hPa切变和低空急流出口区的风速辐合等均可导致强降水,降水落区一般位于低层多层风速辐合的叠置区;暖区暴雨的雷达回波具有明显的后向传播、列车效应和热带降水型特点。  相似文献   

云中积冰过程微物理参量演变规律的数值模拟   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

周悦  ;周月华  ;牛生杰  ;吕晶晶 《南京气象学院学报》2014,(4):441-448

利用耦合Thompson参数化物理方案的WRF（weather research and forecasting）中尺度数值模式,对发生在2008/2009年和2009/2010年冬季恩施雷达站处三次积冰过程的边界层特征和云雾微物理量进行了模拟,并与实测结果进行了对比分析.模拟结果较好地反映了恩施雷达站上空多逆温影响的温度层结特征;云水质量浓度和云雾滴中值体积直径的模拟值与观测值的平均绝对误差分别为10-2g·m-3和3.8μm;恩施雷达站上空存在一个质量浓度为0.3g ·m-3左右的高值中心,其逐渐下移接地,给积冰过程带来充足水汽,且此时通常也有降雨出现.  相似文献   

Analysis of a Heavy Rainfall Event over Beijing During 21-22 July 2012 Based on High Resolution Model Analyses and Forecasts          下载免费PDF全文

JIANG Xiaoman  YUAN Huiling  XUE Ming  CHEN Xi  TAN Xiaoguang 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2014,28(2):199-212

The heaviest rainfall over 61 yr hit Beijing during 21-22 July 2012.Characterized by great rainfall amount and intensity,wide range,and high impact,this record-breaking heavy rainfall caused dozens of deaths and extensive damage.Despite favorable synoptic conditions,operational forecasts underestimated the precipitation amount and were late at predicting the rainfall start time.To gain a better understanding of the performance of mesoscale models,verification of high-resolution forecasts and analyses from the WRFbased BJ-RUCv2.0 model with a horizontal grid spacing of 3 km is carried out.The results show that water vapor is very rich and a quasi-linear precipitation system produces a rather concentrated rain area.Moreover,model forecasts are first verified statistically using equitable threat score and BIAS score.The BJ-RUCv2.0forecasts under-predict the rainfall with southwestward displacement error and time delay of the extreme precipitation.Further quantitative analysis based on the contiguous rain area method indicates that major errors for total precipitation（〉 5 mm h~（-1）） are due to inaccurate precipitation location and pattern,while forecast errors for heavy rainfall（〉 20 mm h~（-1）） mainly come from precipitation intensity.Finally,the possible causes for the poor model performance are discussed through diagnosing large-scale circulation and physical parameters（water vapor flux and instability conditions） of the BJ-RUCv2.0 model output.  相似文献   

Surface rainfall and cloud budgets associated with mei-yu torrential rainfall over eastern China during June 2011     

ZHAI Guoqing  LI Xiaofan  ZHU Peijun  SHEN Hangfeng  ZHANG Yuanzhi 《大气科学进展》2014,31(6):1435-1444

Surface rainfall and cloud budgets associated with three heavy rainfall events that occurred over eastern China during the mei-yu season in June 2011 were analyzed using 2D cumulus ensemble model simulation data.Model domain mean rainfall showed three peaks in response to three prescribed ascending motion maxima,primarily through the mean moisture convergence during the torrential rainfall period.Prescribed ascending motion throughout the troposphere produced strong convective rainfall during the first （9 June） and third （17-18 June） rainfall events,whereas strong prescribed ascending motion in the mid and upper troposphere and weak subsidence near the surface generated equally important stratiform and convective rainfall during the second rainfall event （14 June）.The analysis of surface rainfall budgets reveals that convective rainfall was associated with atmospheric drying during the first event and moisture convergence during the third event.Both stratiform and convective rainfall responded primarily to moisture convergence during the second event.An analysis of grid data shows that the first and third mean rainfall maxima had smaller horizontal scales of the precipitation system than the second.  相似文献   

自然资源统一调查背景下林业数据与草地数据衔接初探     

韦忠扬  叶科峰  李新东  吴秋靖  杨郑贝 《测绘通报》2022,(3):157-160+174

草地调查是自然资源调查工作的重要内容,其调查成果在草地资源管理中发挥着重要作用。针对长期以来土地调查草地数据与林业调查草地数据存在冲突矛盾的问题,本文对比分析了土地、草地及林业管理部门使用分类标准和调查数据的差异,并结合广西桂林阳朔县第三次国土调查,着眼于自然资源统一调查监测,依据第三次国土调查工作分类,探讨了草地数据的衔接方法,提出新时期开展草地资源调查工作的一些建议,为推进林草调查工作融合和自然资源统一调查监测提供了参考。  相似文献   

蒙古—鄂霍茨克构造带中段构造变形及动力学特征   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

黄始琪  董树文  张福勤  苗来成  朱明帅 《地球学报》2014,35(4):415-424

蒙古—鄂霍茨克构造带作为中亚造山带的重要组成部分,其构造变形和动力学特征一直是地质界关注的问题。沿着该构造带中段,对5个韧性变形点及1个脆性变形点进行详细解析,揭示了该构造带变形及动力学特征。B型褶皱、揉皱、A型褶皱、矿物拉伸线理、S-C组构都显示了该构造带明显的NW—SE剪切作用。剪切方向稳定而单一,未发现多方向变形叠加现象,可能指示了蒙古—鄂霍茨克构造带的形成过程为一期主要的俯冲碰撞或多期同向的俯冲碰撞。对蒙古—鄂霍茨克构造带形成时间和动力学背景进行了讨论,认为该构造带主要形成于中晚侏罗世—早白垩世东亚多向汇聚动力学背景之下。对构造带内地质点mg6脆性断层面上滑动矢量进行了统计和古应力场反演,得出两期古构造应力场,一期为NW—SE挤压,一期为近E—W挤压。NW—SE挤压应力场可能对应了中晚侏罗世—白垩纪古太平洋板块向西俯冲对中亚地区的远程影响;而近E—W向挤压可能反映了早新生代印度—欧亚板块碰撞对中亚地区的远程效应。  相似文献   

Cenozoic paleo-environmental evolution of the Pamir–Tien Shan convergence zone     

《Journal of Asian Earth Sciences》2014

The retreat of the Tethys Sea and the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau play the critical roles in driving Asian climatic changes during the Cenozoic. In the Pamir–Tien Shan convergence zone, over 3000 m of Cenozoic successions, consisting of marine deposits in the lower, continental clay and fine sand in the middle, and molasse in the upper part, record the evolution of the Tethys Sea, the Asian aridification, and the deformation of the Pamir. In this work, the existing biostratigraphic subdivisions and new electronic spinning resonance dating results were used to assign ages to formations within the Ulugqat section. Sedimentary facies analysis and multi-proxy indices were used to reconstruct the paleo-environmental evolution. The results show: (1) the Pamir–Tien Shan convergence zone has undergone progressive environmental changes from shallow marine before ∼34 Ma to arid land at ∼23 Ma and finally to inter-mountain basin by ∼5.3 Ma; (2) the overall increase in mean size of grains, decrease in redness, in magnetic susceptibility, and in proportion of the ultrafine component of the sediments studied revealed a long-term strengthening in potential energy to transporting medium, cooling, and enhanced continental aridity, respectively; (3) the easternmost edge of the Tethys Sea prevailed in the western Tarim Basin from late Cretaceous to early Cenozoic, and finally retreated from this region around the Eocene–Oligocene transition, which in turn strengthened the Asian aridification; (4) accumulation of molasse with an upper age of ∼1 Ma suggests that the deformation front of the Pamir migrated to this area at or before that time.  相似文献   

甘肃北部短时强降水中尺度特征及物理量配置          下载免费PDF全文

钱莉  张春燕  杨梅  李天江 《干旱区地理》2022,45(6):1707-1717

利用甘肃北部27个国家级自动气象站及635个区域气象站降水资料,结合常规高空、地面和欧洲中期天气预报中心（ECMWF）再分析物理量场资料,选取了2016—2019年5—9月104个典型短时强降水个例,对甘肃北部短时强降水天气发生发展的环境条件进行了中尺度综合分析,揭示了区域内短时强降水的一些特征和规律。结果表明：（1） 甘肃北部短时强降水集中出现在6—8月,短时强降水的强度多为10~20 mm。（2） 甘肃北部短时强降水天气的典型特征,分为副高边缘型、低压槽型、西北气流型和河套阻高型4种流型。（3） 通过分析不同天气形势、不同类别、不同物理量参数间的联系与区别,总结出各类短时强降水天气的环流特征和物理量要素指标和阈值。（4） 地面辐合线（冷锋）是甘肃北部触发强对流天气的关键系统,地面辐合线（冷锋）的分析对短时临近预报至关重要。（5） 低空偏南风急流（显著流线）在110°E左右北上及在37°N左右产生辐合是判断甘肃北部能否产生短时强降水的重要依据。并对2020年短时强降水预报效果进行检验,预报准确率达63.6%,说明建立的短时强降水预报指标预报能力较强,为提高短时强降水预报预警能力提供了一种新途径。  相似文献