大沽河地下咸淡水过渡带的水-岩作用模拟     

陈然  郑西来 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2015,45(1):95-101

大沽河是青岛市最大的地下水源地,过量开采导致严重的地下咸水入侵,研究地下咸-淡水的地球化学作用对于地下咸水的治理具有重要的指导作用。本文选取大沽河地下咸淡水过渡带作为研究区,在地下水动态监测的基础上,通过地下水水质和含水介质矿物分析,借助当前成熟的水文地球化学模拟软件—PHREEQC 2.0,计算地下水中主要离子和络合离子的含量,定量确定矿物的饱和指数和地下水流向上矿物相与水之间的物质交换量。研究结果表明:(1)地下水中钠、钾、镁、钙主要以单一离子形态存在,硫、碳主要以络阴离子形态存在,而硅和铝主要以络合物形态存在;(2)在地下水流动路径上,方解石、白云石、伊利石、高岭土处于过饱和状态;而石膏、CO2、氯化钠、萤石、玉髓处于不饱和状态;(3)咸淡水过渡带地下水化学类型由HCO3-Ca·Na型水向Cl-Na型水转变的趋势。  相似文献   

隔离变压器在电源系统防雷中的应用     

周方君  周萌  张佳晖  万瀚仁  汪胜宝 《气象科技》2015,43(5):969-972

分析了危害弱电设备的主要电涌类型及特点,探讨了在实际防雷工程中低压配电系统中常用的氧化锌（ZnO）电涌保护器（SPD）存在启动电压偏高,对耐过电压能力较低的电气电子设备存在对电涌防护不到位的问题;将隔离变压器作为防电涌器件引入到弱电设备防雷工程中,利用初级绕组与次级绕组之间只有电磁耦合,无直接电气通道的特性隔离共模过电压;利用铁芯的磁饱和、磁滞现象抑制和削减雷击感应过电压的差模分量。将隔离变压器用于氧化锌电涌保护器之后作为精保护单元,弥补氧化锌电涌保护器的缺点,使弱电设备得到可靠保护,经实际运用验证了它的防雷效果。  相似文献   

电性参数在煤层气测井中的应用     

余常忠  王水 《陕西地质》2010,28(1):79-81

在煤层气测井中,利用自然电位和双侧向电阻率可以定性判断含气层位。利用电阻率参数可推算煤层的孔隙度和含气饱和度,结合密度对煤层气可以进行定量计算。．  相似文献   

Effect of degree of saturation on mechanical behaviour of unsaturated soils and its elastoplastic simulation   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

De’an Sun  Wenjing SunLi Xiang 《Computers and Geotechnics》2010

The two stress-state variable approach has been widely used in interpreting unsaturated soil behaviour. However this approach cannot take into account the effect of degree of saturation or water contents on the stress–strain behaviour and strength of unsaturated soils. The triaxial test results presented in this paper show that even if the same path of net stress and suction is followed, the stress–strain relation and strength are different due to different degrees of saturation. When other conditions are the same, the higher the degree of saturation for the soil sample is, the higher the stress ratio corresponding to a given axial strain will be. This effect can be modeled by using an elasto-plastic constitutive model coupling hydraulic and mechanical behaviour of unsaturated soils. Comparisons between the predicted and measured results are presented, which demonstrate that the model can quantitatively simulate the influence of the degree of saturation on stress–strain behaviour and strength of unsaturated soils.  相似文献   

松辽盆地北部中浅层含油饱和度和孔隙度的关系与油气侵位对成岩作用的抑制   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

孟元林  潘雪梅  吴河勇  王成  李明明  张安达  修洪文  王正伟 《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2010,29(1):11-16

为了研究油气侵位对松辽盆地中浅层成岩作用和孔隙度衰减的抑制作用,本文系统的统计和分析了该盆地大量的孔隙度和含油饱和度岩芯分析数据。结果表明,所有探井储层的孔隙度与含油饱和度之间均呈正相关关系,储层含油饱和度越高,孔隙度越大,而且中部含油组合中萨尔图油层、葡萄花油层和高台子油层二者的相关性好于下部含油组合中扶余油层和杨大城子油层的相关性。由此可见,油气注入储层之后,可以有效地抑制储层的成岩作用,保护孔隙,而且油气注入越早,越有利于孔隙的保护。  相似文献   

Exploring Saturation of Themes and Spatial Locations in Qualitative Public Participation Geographic Information Systems Research     

Wayde C. Morse  Damon R. Lowery  Todd Steury 《社会与自然资源》2014,27(5):557-571

Use of public participation geographic information systems (PPGIS) studies that collect local knowledge in a spatial format is increasing as a tool in natural resources management. Qualitative PPGIS studies have been conducted as individual interviews, as workshops, and in focus groups. As the number of qualitative PPGIS studies increases, so does the need to understand their quality. Saturation, the point when the researcher determines that the collection of additional data will provide minimal new information as it relates to a particular issue, directly reflects on the validity of the study. While the concept of saturation is well established, it is still inconsistently assessed and reported. Furthermore, how saturation applies to qualitatively collected spatial data has not been addressed. A method is presented to assess spatial saturation of qualitative PPGIS data from 19 focus groups that were conducted to investigate important places for recreation, livelihoods, and the environment in the Florida Panhandle.  相似文献   

XX盆地低渗储层束缚水饱和度计算方法研究     

魏锋  陈现  陈晶  高楚桥  李祖遥  胡文亮  戴红霞 《海洋地质译丛》2014,(1):67-71

束缚水饱和度的大小是划分油气层与水层的重要依据之一.在岩石物理实验的基础上,分析影响束缚水饱和度大小的各种因素,利用彼此之间的关系求取束缚水饱和度的大小.以XX盆地低渗储层为例,分析低渗储层束缚水饱和度的特点,建立了束缚水饱和度与孔隙度、渗透率、气柱高度等的模型,应用到实际资料中,检验各种模型的适用性与准确性,取得了较好的效果.  相似文献   

基于非均匀水体对比度传输方程的海水透明度计算试验          下载免费PDF全文

李妍  陈希  于斌  钟奕飞 《大气科学学报》2014,37(6):767-771

针对均匀水体假设的海水透明度经验计算公式不具有普适性的缺点,将海水在垂直方向上分为若干光学性质相近的均匀层,推导出非均匀水体中目标对比度传输方程,在此基础上,建立了海水透明度的计算模型。利用BROKE_WEST_ACS实测的海水固有光学性质数据和透明度盘观测数据,对计算模型进行了数值试验和效果分析。结果表明:模型计算值与透明度盘实测值平均相对误差为9.1%;该模型既克服了透明度盘测量易受天气状况和人眼差异影响较大的缺点,又突破了均匀水体透明度计算方法的局限性。  相似文献   

沉积物孔隙毛细管压力与甲烷水合物饱和度关系研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

孙始财  刘昌岭  业渝光  刘玉峰 《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,33(10):30-36

To better understand the relationship between the pore capillary pressure and hydrate saturation in sediments, a new method was proposed. First, the phase equilibria of methane hydrate in fine-grained silica sands were measured. As to the equilibrium data, the pore capillary pressure and saturation of methane hydrate were calculated. The results showed that the phase equilibria of methane hydrates in fine-grained silica sands changed due to the depressed activity of pore water caused by the surface group and negatively charged characteristic of silica particles as well as the capillary pressure in small pores together. The capillary pressure increased with the increase of methane hydrate saturation due to the decrease of the available pore space. However, the capillary-saturation relationship could not yet be described quantitatively because of the stochastic habit of hydrate growth.  相似文献   

A GIHS-based spectral preservation fusion method for remote sensing images using edge restored spectral modulation     

《ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing》2014

High spatial resolution and spectral fidelity are basic standards for evaluating an image fusion algorithm. Numerous fusion methods for remote sensing images have been developed. Some of these methods are based on the intensity–hue–saturation (IHS) transform and the generalized IHS (GIHS), which may cause serious spectral distortion. Spectral distortion in the GIHS is proven to result from changes in saturation during fusion. Therefore, reducing such changes can achieve high spectral fidelity. A GIHS-based spectral preservation fusion method that can theoretically reduce spectral distortion is proposed in this study. The proposed algorithm consists of two steps. The first step is spectral modulation (SM), which uses the Gaussian function to extract spatial details and conduct SM of multispectral (MS) images. This method yields a desirable visual effect without requiring histogram matching between the panchromatic image and the intensity of the MS image. The second step uses the Gaussian convolution function to restore lost edge details during SM. The proposed method is proven effective and shown to provide better results compared with other GIHS-based methods.  相似文献