Soft‐sediment deformation structures in Cretaceous non‐marine deposits of southeastern Gyeongsang Basin,Korea: Occurrences and origin     

Hee‐Cheol Kang  In Sung Paik  Ho Il Lee  Jeong Eun Lee  Jong‐Hwa Chun 《Island Arc》2010,19(4):628-646

A variety of soft‐sediment deformation structures formed during or shortly after deposition occurs in the Cretaceous Seongpori and Dadaepo Formations of the southeastern Gyeongsang Basin exposed along coastal areas of southeastern Korean Peninsula for 0.5–2 km. These are mostly present in a fluvial plain facies, with interbedded lacustrine deposits. In this study, the features of different kinds of soft‐sediment deformation structures have been interpreted on the basis of sedimentology of structure‐bearing deposits, comparison with normal sedimentary structures, timing and mechanism of deformation, and triggering mechanisms. The soft‐sediment deformation structures can be classified into four morphological groups: (i) load structures (load casts, ball‐and‐pillow structures); (ii) soft‐sediment intrusive structures (dish‐and‐pillars, clastic dykes, sills); (iii) ductile disturbed structures (convolute folds, slump structures); and (iv) brittle deformation structures (syndepositional faulting, dislocated breccia). The most probable triggering mechanisms resulting in these structures were seismic shocks. These interpretations are based on the following field observations: (i) location of the study area within tectonically active fault zone reactivated several times during the Cretaceous; (ii) deformation structures confined to single stratigraphic levels; (iii) lateral continuity and occurrences of various soft‐sediment deformation structures in the deformed level over large areas; (iv) absence of depositional slope to indicate gravity sliding or slumping; and (v) similarity to the structures produced experimentally. The soft‐sediment deformation structures in the study areas are thus interpreted to have been generated by seismic shocks with an estimated magnitude of M > 5, representing an intermittent record of the active tectonic and sedimentary processes during the development and evolution of two formations from the late Early Cretaceous to the Late Cretaceous.  相似文献   

黑龙江省松嫩平原南部大气颗粒物地球化学特征及来源解析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

文宇博  杨忠芳  夏学齐  程新彬 《现代地质》2010,24(4):807-815

研究采集了黑龙江松嫩平原南部28个夏季大气颗粒物样品,分析了不同粒径(TSP、PM10、PM2-5)样品中常量和微量元素含量,对元素浓度含量特征、元素间相关性和空间分布特征进行了分析,并使用富集系数法和因子分析法进行元素来源解析。研究表明：在PM10-100中富集的元素多在地壳中含量很高,重金属元素在PM2-5中高度富集,不同粒径大气颗粒物中各元素质量浓度整体水平为：大庆>绥化>哈尔滨>齐齐哈尔。富集因子分析表明：Fe、K、Ti、Mn、Co的富集因子小于1或非常接近1,Ca、Mg、Ni、Cr的富集因子大于1但仍小于10,Na、Zn、Cu、Cd、Pb、Se的富集因子大于10,表现出较为明显的人为来源特征。参照颗粒物不同源主要标识元素,对各元素进行主因子分析结果表明：松嫩平原南部大气可吸入颗粒物的主要来源是土壤扬尘,此外还有燃煤、垃圾焚烧、汽车尾气、碱尘大气传输、燃油和工业来源。  相似文献   

淮北平原浅层地下水中铁和锰的空间差异性及影响因素     

刘进  许光泉 《煤田地质与勘探》2010,38(2):46-49

通过常规和地统计学分析,查明淮北平原浅层地下水中铁锰含量的空间差异性,得出变异函数图符合指数模型,二者都由结构性因素引起。对其空间分布特征进行分析表明,铁、锰在空间呈现相同的分布趋势,超标区主要分布在地势低洼地和低山丘陵区,其含量与岩土成分、地下水所处的氧化还原环境、地下水径流条件、酸碱性等有关。   相似文献   

基于多时相中分辨率时间过程特征的江汉平原棉花种植面积变化监测     

尤慧  高华东  苏荣瑞  刘凯文  肖玮钰 《地球信息科学学报》2016,18(8):1141-1149

棉花是中国重要的经济作物,快速、准确地提取棉花的种植面积和分布信息,对于优化棉花种植空间格局、科学指导棉花生产及提高其管理水平具有十分重要的意义。为了探讨多时相中高分辨率影像在棉花种植面积监测中的可行性,本文以江汉平原为研究区,根据棉花物候特征,选取2012年、2014年江汉平原棉花生长关键期的多时相HJ-1A/1B卫星数据,通过分析研究区棉花不同生育期的光谱特征和归一化植被指数（NDVI）时序变化特征,对分类影像进行阈值分割、掩膜处理,最后利用决策树算法提取研究区2012年、2014年棉花种植面积。通过计算混淆矩阵评价分类精度的方法和提取面积精度方法对棉花提取结果进行评价,总体精度达到95.96%,Kappa系数为0.93,以农业局统计数据为参考,2012年、2014年HJ数据提取的棉花种植面积精度分别达到了97.91%、91.27%。因此,在不受云和降水等因素的影响下,基于江汉平原区域关键时相HJ卫星CCD影像数据,可利用该方法进行棉花种植面积监测。  相似文献   

周老镇钻孔砾石层重矿物特征及地质意义   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

王秋良  胡思辉李长安 《中国地质》2009,36(4):878-884

利用江汉平原周老镇钻孔的岩心样品,分析研究了钻孔岩心沉积物10层砾石层中填充物的重矿物组分及分布特征。结果显示周老镇钻孔10个砾石层自下而上可以分为3个矿物段。对比3个阶段稳定重矿物、非稳定重矿物的变化特征:阶段Ⅰ、阶段Ⅱ,沉积物主要以近源物质为主,含有少量的远源物质;而阶段Ⅲ,沉积物主要以远源物质为主,含有少量的近源物质。结合周老镇钻孔岩性及钻孔砾石含量和江汉平原第四系岩相剖面特征,判断在阶段Ⅲ,深度112.30～109.05m(1.17～1.12MaB.P.)处,钻孔沉积环境发生了重大改变,江汉平原水系发生重要调整,长江三峡贯通形成。  相似文献   

素混凝土桩在侯马高层住宅小区中的应用          下载免费PDF全文

孟庆霞 《探矿工程》2009,36(12):59-61

在考虑工程地质条件和投资费用的前提下,介绍了素混凝土桩复合地基在侯马高层中的设计、施工工艺及处理效果,从而论证了素混凝土桩在侯马地区高层建筑地基处理中的可行性和实用性。  相似文献   

A grain-size record from Beijing region in Northern China: Late Quaternary paleoclimate oscillation in response to global change   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Guifang Yang  Zhiliang Ge  Qing Dai  Jie Cheng  Gongming Yin  Lihong Zan  Jingwei Liu 《Frontiers of Earth Science》2009,3(2):164-170

Numerous samples taken from one core at the Beijing plain were utilized to characterize the paleoclimatic configuration of the study area and its possible relation to global control since the last interglaciation. We presented here a detailed grain-size record for the full length of Late Pleistocene, along with the optical simulated luminescence (OSL) dating. Our findings revealed that Late Pleistocene of the study area started approximately at 110 ka B.P. represented by the thick sediments of 31 m in Changping depression. Four sedimentary cycles were outlined in the core during Late Pleistocene, corresponding to marine isotope stage (MIS) 5 to 2. Controlled by regional geology and global climatic setting, eight paleoclimatic periods were identified simultaneously in the study area on the time scale of 10⁴ year, with the warm and moist climate being found at 110 — 96, 92 — 76, 67 — 56, and 28 — 18 ka B.P.. The climatic instabilities on a millennial scale in Late Pleistocene were characterized largely by the occurrence of 6 strong Heinrich events shown by comparatively coarse groups. These variations correlate well with those documented in the GRIP Greenland and in the Northern Atlantic Ocean, though more complex features may exist on the long time scale.  相似文献   

鲁北平原地下水同位素年龄及可更新能力评价   总被引：9，自引：2，他引：7  

杨丽芝  张光辉  刘中业  刘春华 《地球学报》2009,30(2):235-242

笔者采用大量的地下水环境同位素数据, 利用天然放射性氚和14C的通用测年技术, 分别估算浅、深层地下水的形成年龄, 评价地下水的可更新能力。研究结果表明, 鲁北平原浅层地下水的主要补给来自当地的大气降水和引黄河灌溉水, 循环速度较快, 循环时间20～50 a, 更新能力较强。深层地下水主要起源于古代大气降水, 是在比现在寒冷的气候条件下由大气降水入渗形成, 循环速度较慢, 循环时间8～20 ka, 更新能力较弱。  相似文献   

北京平原地区地质系统   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

蔡向民  栾英波  郭高轩  刘鸿 《城市地质》2009,4(3):6-12

经过几代人的工作,北京平原地质工作取得了丰硕的成果,在基础地质、水文地质、工程地质和环境地质等领域都有重要进展。本文通过北京平原三维地质结构分析,认为北京平原的地下水资源、工程地质、地面沉降、地裂缝灾害等地质问题均受三维地质结构控制,各种地质现象都处在一个统一的地质系统之内。第四系三维结构控制着第四系孔隙水资源的赋存、平原的工程地质特征和地面沉降的分布和演化;基岩的三维结构控制基岩裂隙水、岩溶水资源和地热资源的赋存状态;平原隐伏断裂对平原的地貌、基底形态起控制作用,对地裂缝,地面沉降等地质灾害的形成和发展有重要影响。这些由三维地质结构控制的地下水子系统,隐伏断裂子系统以及工程地质、地面沉降等地质问题,共同组成了北京平原区地质系统。  相似文献   

Hydrogeochemistry and groundwater salinization in an ephemeral coastal flood plain: Cap Bon,Tunisia     

Anis Chekirbane  Maki Tsujimura  Atsushi Kawachi  Hiroko Isoda  Jamila Tarhouni  Abdallah Benalaya 《水文科学杂志》2013,58(5):1097-1110

Abstract

The Wadi Al Ayn plain is a coastal system on the eastern coast of Cap Bon in northeastern Tunisia. The area is known for its intensive agriculture, which is based mainly on groundwater exploitation. The aim of this study is to identify the sources of groundwater salinization in the Wadi Al Ayn aquifer system and deduce the processes that drive the mineralization. Surface water and groundwater samples were taken and analysed for major ions and stable isotopes. The geochemical data were used to characterize and classify the water samples based on a variety of ion plots and diagrams. Stable isotopes are useful tools to help us understand recharge processes and to differentiate between salinity origins. The oilfield brines infiltrated from the sandy bed of Wadi Al Ayn comprise the main source of groundwater salinization in the central part of the plain, while seawater intrusion is mainly responsible for the increased salinity in the groundwater of the coastal part of the plain (at Daroufa).

Citation Chekirbane, A., Tsujimura, M., Kawachi, A., Isoda, H., Tarhouni, J., and Benalaya, A., 2013. Hydrogeochemistry and groundwater salinization in an ephemeral coastal flood plain: Cap Bon, Tunisia. Hydrological Sciences Journal, 58 (5), 1097–1110.  相似文献